NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Delegatura

Government Delegate's Office at Home (Polish Delegatura Rządu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na Kraj) was one of the agendas of the Polish Government in Exile during World War II. It was the highest authority of the Polish Secret State in occupied Poland and was headed by the Government Delegate at Home, a de facto deputy Prime Minister of Poland. Polish Secret State (also known as Polish Underground State; Polish Polskie Państwo Podziemne) is a term coined by Jan Karski in his book Story of a Secret State; it is used to refer to all underground resistance organizations in Poland during World War II, both military and civilian. ... Unofficial flag of the Armia Krajowa and the Polish Secret State. ... Main article: Polish government in exile On 1 September 1939, without a formal declaration of war, Germany invaded Poland. ... This article contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... Directorate of Civil Resistance (Polish Kierownictwo Walki Cywilnej, short KWC) was one of the branches of the Polish Government Delegate’s Office during World War II. Its main tasks were to maintain the morale of the Polish society, encourage the passive resistance, report German attrocities and cruelties to the Polish... The Polish Socialist Party (Polska Partia Socjalistyczna, PPS) was one of the two most important Polish political parties from its inception in 1892 until 1948, when it merged with the Stalinist Polish Workers Party (PPR) to form the Polish United Workers Party (PZPR), the ruling party in the Peoples... Stronnictwo Ludowe (SL, Peoples Party) was a Polish political party, active from 1931 in the Second Polish Republic. ... The Polish Workers Party (Polska Partia Robotnicza, PPR) was a communist party in Poland from 1942 to 1948. ... A Bundist demonstration, 1917 The General Jewish Labour Union of Lithuania, Poland and Russia, in Yiddish the Algemeyner Yidisher Arbeter Bund in Lite, Poyln un Rusland (×Ö·×œ×’×ž×²Ö·× ×¢×¨ ×²×“×™×©×¢×¨ ×Ö·×¨×‘×²×˜×¢×¨×¡×‘×•× ×“ ××™×Ÿ ×œ×™×˜×Ö·, ×¤×•×™×œ×™×Ÿ ××•×Ÿ ×¨×•×¡×œ×Ö·× ×“), generally called The Bund (×‘×•× ×“) or the Jewish Labor Bund, was a Jewish political party operating in several European countries between the 1890s and the... Hashomer Hatzair (or Hashomer Hatsair or HaShomer HaTzair) (Hebrew: The Young Guard or Guardian [that is] Young) is a Zionist-socialist youth movement founded in 1913 in Galicia (now in Poland) and was also the name of the groups political party in the Yishuv in the pre-1948 British... The Betar Movement (×‘×™×ª×¨, also spelled Beitar) is a youth movement founded in 1923 in Riga, Latvia, by Zionist leader Zeev Jabotinsky. ... ObÃ³z Narodowo-Radykalny (National Radical Camp, ONR) was a Polish nationalist nazis political party, formed on May 14, 1934 mostly by the youth radicals who left the Narodowa Demokracja movement. ... Stronnictwo Demokratyczne (Democratic Party, SD) is a Polish centrist party established on April 15, 1939. ... ZwiÄ…zek Walki Zbrojnej (ZWZ; Association of Armed Struggle) was a cryptonym of the Polish Army formed in Poland after it was occupied by Germany and the Soviet Union as a resultof the Polish Defence War. ... The Armia Krajowa (Home Army) or AK functioned as the dominant Polish resistance movement in World War II in German-occupied Poland, which was active in all areas of the country from September 1939 until its disbanding in January 1945. ... Szare Szeregi (Polish for Grey Ranks) was a codename for the underground Polish Scouting Association (ZwiÄ…zek Harcerstwa Polskiego) during World War II. The organisation was created on September 27, 1939, in Warsaw and largely contributed to all resistance actions of the Polish Secret State and its members were among... PaÅ„stwowy Korpus BezpieczeÅ„stwa (Polish for National Security Corps, short PKB) was a Polish underground police force organized by the Armia Krajowa and Delegates Office under German occupation during World War II. It was trained as the core of the future police forces during the assumed all-national... Bataliony ChÅ‚opskie (BCh, Polish Peasants Battalions) was a Polish World War II resistance movement and partisan organisation. ... Narodowe Siły Zbrojne (English National Armed Forces, NSZ) was one of the Polish armed underground guerilla organizations, fighting Nazi German occupation in General Government. ... Gwardia Ludowa (Peoples Guard, abbreviated GL) was a World War II resistance movement in Poland, organised by the Polish Workers Party. ... Armia Ludowa (AL, pronounced ; English Polish Peoples Army) was a Polish World War II resistance organisation. ... Other languages FAQs | Table free Welcome to Wikipedia, the free-content encyclopedia that anyone can edit. ... Å»ydowski ZwiÄ…zek Wojskowy (Å»ZW, Polish for Jewish Military Union) was an underground organisation operating during World War II in the area of Warsaw Ghetto and fighting during Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. ... The history of Poland from 1939 through 1945 encompasses the German invasion of Poland through to the end of World War II. On September 1, 1939, without formal declaration of war, Germany invaded Poland. ... The Government of the Polish Republic in exile was the government of Poland after the German occupation of Poland in September 1939. ... Combatants Allies: Soviet Union, United Kingdom, France/Free France, United States, China, Canada, India, Australia, Poland, New Zealand, South Africa, Greece, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, Bulgaria, Finland, Romania, Hungary, Burma, Slovakia Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8... Polish Secret State (also known as Polish Underground State; Polish Polskie Państwo Podziemne) is a term coined by Jan Karski in his book Story of a Secret State; it is used to refer to all underground resistance organizations in Poland during World War II, both military and civilian. ...

The Government's representative office in Poland was intended as a provisional government of Poland until the Exiled Government could return safely to the liberated country. Initially there were two delegates: one for the Polish areas annexed by Germany and one for the General Gouvernment. A delegate for the Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union was never appointed. From 1942 the power was consolidated and there was only one delegate in the rank of a deputy prime minister. He had 6 deputies for each of the regions, whose responsibilities were further divided onto powiat-level delegate offices. After long discussion, Germany decided to re-annex not only all the German lands it was forced to surrender to Poland in 1919–1922, under the Treaty of Versailles (including the Polish Corridor, West Prussia, the Province of Posen and Upper Silesia), but also other territories. ... The General Government (in full General government for the occupied Polish areas, in German Generalgouvernement für die besetzten polnischen Gebiete) was the name given by Germany to the governing authority in Poland after its occupation by the Wehrmacht in September and October 1939. ... Under the terms of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, adjusted by agreement on 28 September 1939, the Soviet Union annexed all Polish territory east of the line of the rivers Pisa, Narew, Western Bug, and San, except for Wilno country with its capital Wilno (Vilnius), which was given to Lithuania, and... This article is about the year. ... A powiat (pronounced povyat; plural, powiaty) is the Polish third-level unit of administration, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture (NUTS-3) in some countries. ...

In July 1944 the three deputies of the delegate were promoted to ministers and the Home Council of Ministers (Krajowa Rada Ministrów) was created. The KRJ became the local counterpart of the Polish Government in Exile. 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1944 calendar). ... The Government of the Polish Republic in exile was the government of Poland after the German occupation of Poland in September 1939. ...

The political body of the Delegate's Office was Polityczny Komitet Porozumiewawczy, a council composed of 4 main political parties. On March 21, 1943 it was renamed to Home Political Representation and became an underground coalition parliament, composed of members of Polish Socialist Party, Stronnictwo Narodowe, Stronnictwo Ludowe and Stronnictwo Pracy parties. It became the controlling body of both the Delegate's Office and the Headquarters of the Armia Krajowa. On January 9, 1944 it was turned into Council of National Unity (Rada Jedności Narodowej), the underground parliament of Poland. March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... The Polish Socialist Party (Polska Partia Socjalistyczna, PPS) was one of the two most important Polish political parties from its inception in 1892 until 1948, when it merged with the Stalinist Polish Workers Party (PPR) to form the Polish United Workers Party (PZPR), the ruling party in the Peoples... Stronnictwo Ludowe (SL, Peoples Party) was a Polish political party, active from 1931 in the Second Polish Republic. ... January 9 is the 9th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1944 calendar). ... This article contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... States currently utilizing parliamentary systems are denoted in orange and redâ€”the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested in a parliament, and the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state. ...

During the Operation Tempest in 1944 the local representatives of the council together with local commanders of the Armia Krajowa were coming out of the underground and welcomed the advancing Red Army as the sole representatives of the legitimate Polish government and the army. Despite several initial successes and several instances of successful cooperation with the Soviet Union, most of them were soon arrested by the NKVD and sent either to GULag or various prisons in Russia. Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1944 calendar). ... The short forms Red Army and RKKA refer to the Workers and Peasants Red Army, (in Russian: Ð Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ‡Ðµ-ÐšÑ€ÐµÑÑ‚ÑŒÑÐ½ÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÐšÑ€Ð°ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐÑ€Ð¼Ð¸Ñ - Raboche-Krestyanskaya Krasnaya Armiya), the armed forces first organized by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918. ... The NKVD (Narodnyi Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del )(Russian: ÐÐšÐ’Ð”, ÐÐ°Ñ€Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ‹Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ñ€Ð¸Ð°Ñ‚ Ð²Ð½ÑƒÑ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¸Ñ… Ð´ÐµÐ») or Peoples Commisariat for Internal Affairs was a government department which handled a number of the Soviet Unions affairs of state. ... Gulag ( , Russian: ) is an acronym for Ð“Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð£Ð¿Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð˜ÑÐ¿Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾â€”Ð¢Ñ€ÑƒÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ñ… Ð›Ð°Ð³ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¹ Ð¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¹, Glavnoye Upravleniye Ispravitelno-trudovykh Lagerey i kolonii, The Chief Directorate [or Administration] of Corrective Labour Camps and Colonies of the NKVD. Anne Applebaum, in her book Gulag: A History, explains: Literally, the word GULAG is an acronym, meaning Glavnoe Upravlenie Lagerei, or Main Camp...

During the Warsaw Uprising the central Government Delegate's Office at Home also came out from the hiding and started to act officially as a Polish parliament on a liberated part of Poland. After the fall of the Uprising most of the members of the Office left Warsaw together with the civilian population and managed not to get caught by the Germans. However, the contact nets with both the local branches in the territories occupied by the Soviet Union and the areas still under German occupation were broken. Combatants Poland Germany Commanders Tadeusz BÃ³r-Komorowski, Antoni ChruÅ›ciel, Tadeusz PeÅ‚czyÅ„ski Erich von dem Bach, Rainer Stahel, Heinz Reinefarth, Bronislav Kaminski Strength 50,000 troops 25,000 troops Casualties 18,000 killed, 12,000 wounded, 15,000 taken prisoner 250,000 civilians killed 10,000 killed...

In February 1945 the Government Delegate together with most members of the Council of National Unity and the C-i-C of the Armia Krajowa were invited by Soviet general Ivan Sierov to a conference on their eventual entry to the Soviet-backed Provisional Government. They were presented with a warrant of safety, yet they were arrested by the NKVD and brought to Moscow where they were tried in a staged Trial of the Sixteen. The Delegate's Office has been reconstructed and continued its duties until disbanded on July 1, 1945. 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ... This article contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... The Armia Krajowa (Home Army) or AK functioned as the dominant Polish resistance movement in World War II in German-occupied Poland, which was active in all areas of the country from September 1939 until its disbanding in January 1945. ... Ivan Aleksandrovich Serov (Ð˜Ð²Ð°Ð½ ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‡ Ð¡ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð² in Russian) (8. ... The NKVD (Narodnyi Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del )(Russian: ÐÐšÐ’Ð”, ÐÐ°Ñ€Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ‹Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ñ€Ð¸Ð°Ñ‚ Ð²Ð½ÑƒÑ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¸Ñ… Ð´ÐµÐ») or Peoples Commisariat for Internal Affairs was a government department which handled a number of the Soviet Unions affairs of state. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... The term sometimes is also applied to First Moscow Trial during the Great Purges in USSR The Trial of the Sixteen (Polish: Proces szesnastu) was a staged trial of 16 leaders of the Polish Secret State held by the Soviet Union in Moscow in 1945. ... July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ...

Departments

The Delegates' activities encompassed all areas of organized society. The office was divided onto 18 branches which corresponded to the Government-in-Exile’s ministries in London.

Other units and bureaus included: Provisional Administration (Polish Administracja ZastÄ™pcza) was one of the branches of the Department of Internal Affairs of the Government Delegateâ€™s Office at Home in Poland during World War II. It was created in 1940 as a joined initiative of the Headquarters of the Armia Krajowa and the Delegate... KB was an independent resistance organization in WWII occupied Poland, which had nothing to do with any PKB. ... Żegota (read: [ʒε:gɔta], also spelled Zhegota, Zegota) was the codename for the Council to Aid the Jews (Rada Pomocy Żydom), an underground organisation in German occupied Poland from 1942 to 1945. ... Rzeczpospolita (pronounced: , zhech-poss-POH-lee-tah) is a Polish calque translation of the Latin expression res publica (public affair). It has been used in Poland since at least 16th century, originally to denote any democratic state. ... Central Welfare Council (sometimes also translated as Main Social Services Council, Polish Rada Główna Opiekuńcza) was one of the very few Polish social organizations that were allowed to work under German occupation of Poland during World War II. It was created in February 1940 in the General Government. ... This article covers the topic of underground education in Poland (Polish Tajne szkolnictwo) during World War II. After the Polish defeat in the Polish Defence War of 1939 and the subsequent German occupation of most of Polish territory, Poland was divided onto the areas directly incorporated into the Reich and...

Bureau for the Newly-Acquired Lands (Polish Biuro Ziem Nowych) was one of the departments of the Government Delegate’s Office at Home during World War II. It was founded in 1942. ... This article is about the year. ... Directorate of Civil Resistance (Polish Kierownictwo Walki Cywilnej, short KWC) was one of the branches of the Polish Government Delegate’s Office during World War II. Its main tasks were to maintain the morale of the Polish society, encourage the passive resistance, report German attrocities and cruelties to the Polish... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1941 calendar). ...

Reference

Departments

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See also

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