B. A. Santamaria

The Democratic Labor Party (abbreviated as the DLP) was an Australian political party that existed from 1955 until 1978. Bartholomew Augustine Santamaria (14 August, 1915 - 25 February, 1998), (known in public as B.A. Santamaria and in private as Bob), Australian political activist and journalist, was one of the most influential political figures in recent Australian history, but never held public office or joined a political party. ... The Democratic Labor Party (DLP) is a minor political party in Australia that espouses social conservatism. ... // Political scientists have developed concepts of different ideal types of political parties in order to better compare them with each other. ...

The DLP was formed as a result of a split in the Australian Labor Party (ALP) in 1954. The split was between the party's national leadership, under the then party leader Dr H.V. Evatt, and the majority of the Victorian branch, which was dominated by Catholics. The Catholic wing of the ALP was alarmed at what they saw as the growing power of the Communist Party in the trade unions, and had formed units within the unions called Industrial Groups to combat the Communists. The Australian Labor Party (ALP) is Australias oldest political party. ... Rt Hon Dr H.V. Evatt Dr Herbert Vere Evatt (April 30, 1894 - November 2, 1965), Australian jurist, politician and writer (generally known in his lifetime as Dr H.V. Evatt and popularly known as Doc) was born in Maitland, New South Wales, to a working-class family of Anglo... Capital Melbourne Government Const. ... The Communist Party of Australia was founded in 1920 and dissolved in 1991. ... The Industrial Groups were groups formed by the Australian Labor Party in the late 1940s, to combat Communist Party influence in the trade unions [1]. In 1941 B.A. Santamaria founded the Catholic Social Studies Movement, generally known simply as the Movement. The Movement quickly gained a large influence in...

The intellectual leader of the Victorian Catholic wing of the ALP (although not actually a party member) was B.A. Santamaria, a Melbourne lawyer and lay Catholic activist who had the patronage of the Archbishop of Melbourne, Daniel Mannix. Santamaria headed an activist group called "The Catholic Social Studies Movement" (often known as "The Movement"), which was modeled on Catholic Action groups in Europe and the Communist Party of Australia [1]. This group later became the National Civic Council (NCC). Evatt denounced the Movement and the Industrial Groups in 1954, alleging that they were trying to take over the ALP and turn it into a European-style Christian Democratic party. At the ALP national conference in Hobart, 1955, Santamaria's parliamentary supporters in the federal and Victorian parliaments were expelled from the ALP, against that party's constitutional rules. They then formed a group called the ALP (Anti-Communist), which in 1957 became the DLP. Bartholomew Augustine Santamaria (14 August 1915 - 25 February 1998), (known in public as B.A. Santamaria and in private as Bob), Australian political activist and journalist, was one of the most influential political figures in recent Australian history, but never held public office or joined a political party. ... Statue of Daniel Mannix outside St Patricks Cathedral, Melbourne For other people called Daniel Mannix, see Daniel Mannix (disambiguation) Daniel Patrick Mannix (4 March 1864 - 2 November 1963), Irish-born Australian Catholic clergyman, Archbishop of Melbourne for 46 years, was one of the most influential public figures in 20th... This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... The Communist Party of Australia was founded in 1920 and dissolved in 1991. ... The National Civic Council (NCC) is an Australian public policy think tank. ... Christian Democracy is a political ideology, born at the end of the 19th century, largely as a result of the papal encyclical Rerum Novarum of Pope Leo XIII, in which the Vatican recognizes workers misery and agrees that something should be done about it, in reaction to the rise of... Hobart is the state capital and most populous city of the Australian island state of Tasmania. ...

The split soon extended to the Victorian state parliament, where a faction of Movement supporters crossed the floor to bring down the ALP state government of John Cain. In 1957 the split spread to Queensland, where the ALP state Premier, Vince Gair, was expelled from the party. He and his followers formed the Queensland Labor Party, which affiliated with the DLP that year, later becaming part of the DLP in 1962. In New South Wales, the Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, Norman Cardinal Gilroy, was opposed to the Movement's tactics, and as a result there was no party split there. John Cain (19 January 1882 - 4 August 1957), Australian politician, was the 33rd Premier of Victoria, and was the first Australian Labor Party Leader to win a majority in the Victorian Legislative Assembly. ... Capital Brisbane Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Quentin Bryce Premier Peter Beattie (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 28  - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05)  - Product ($m)  $158,506 (3rd)  - Product per capita  $40,170/person (6th) Population (June Quarter Released Statistics 2006)  - Population  4,053,444 (3rd)  - Density  2. ... Vincent Clair Gair (25 February 1902 - 11 November 1980) was an Australian politician. ... Capital Sydney Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Professor Marie Bashir Premier Morris Iemma (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 50  - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05)  - Product ($m)  $305,437 (1st)  - Product per capita  $45,153/person (4th) Population (End of March 2006)  - Population  6,817,100 (1st)  - Density  8. ... The Sydney Opera House on Sydney Harbour Sydney (pronounced ) is the most populous city in Australia, with a metropolitan area population of over 4. ... Norman Cardinal Gilroy, KBE (22 January 1896 – 21 October 1977), Australian clergyman, was the first Australian-born Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. ...

Between 1955 and 1974 the DLP was able to command a significant vote, particularly in Victoria and Queensland, and during the period held between one and five seats in the Senate (which is elected by proportional representation). The DLP Senate leaders were, Frank McManus of Victoria, Gair and Jack Kane of New South Wales. Since the ALP and the conservative parties usually held approximately equal numbers of seats in the Senate, the DLP was able to use balance of power in the Senate to extract concessions from Liberal governments, particularly government grants to Catholic schools, greater spending on defense and non-recognition of the People's Republic of China. Australian Senate chamber Entrance to the Senate The Senate is the upper of the two houses of the Parliament of Australia. ... Proportional representation (sometimes referred to as full representation, or PR), is a category of electoral formula aiming at a close match between the percentage of votes that groups of candidates (grouped by a certain measure) obtain in elections and the percentage of seats they receive (usually in legislative assemblies). ... Francis Patrick Vincent McManus (27 February 1905 – 28 December 1983), Australian politician, was the last leader of the parliamentary Democratic Labor Party and a prominent figure in Australian politics for 30 years. ... The Liberal Party of Australia is an Australian political party. ...

During this period the DLP also exercised influence by directing its supporters to give their second-preferences to Liberal candidates in federal and state elections (see Australian electoral system), thus helping to keep the ALP out of office at the federal level and in Victoria. The DLP vote gradually declined during the 1960s but remained strong enough for the Liberals to continue to need DLP preferences to win close elections. Santamaria's strategy was to keep the ALP out of office in this way until it agreed to his terms for re-unification. A how-to-vote card from the Australian federal election of 2004, showing voters how to fill in the squares on the ballot paper if they wish to vote for the Liberal Party of Australia. ...

After Evatt's retirement in 1960, his successor Arthur Calwell, a Catholic, tried to bring about a reconciliation between the ALP and the DLP. Negotiations were conducted through intermediaries, and in 1965 a deal was almost done. Three out of four of the ALP's parliamentary leaders agreeing to a deal. However, Calwell refused to share power within the party with the DLP leadership on a membership number basis, so the deal failed. Santamaria believed that had he accepted, Calwell would have become Prime Minister. [2] Rt Hon Arthur Calwell (with young migrant, 1949) Arthur Augustus Calwell (August 28, 1896 - July 8, 1973) Australian politician, was Leader of the Australian Labor Party from 1960 to 1967. ...

The DLP's policies were traditional Labor policies such as more spending on health, education and pensions, combined with strident opposition to Communism and emphasis for greater defence spending. The DLP strongly supported Australia's participation in the Vietnam War. Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam People’s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000...

From the early 1960s onwards, the DLP also became strong opponents of "permissiveness," campaigning on issues such as homosexuality, abortion and pornography and drugs, which appealed to many conservative voters as well as the party's base among Catholics. Some members of the DLP disagreed with this, believing the party should stay focused on anti-communism. [3] Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ... Pornographic movies Pornography (Porn) (from Greek πόρνη (porne) prostitute and γραφή (grafe) writing), more informally referred to as porn or porno, is the explicit representation of the human body or sexual activity with the goal of sexual arousal. ...

The election of the Whitlam ALP government in the 1972 election brought the DLP's strategy of keeping the ALP out of power undone. In 1974 Whitlam appointed Gair Ambassador to Ireland in a bid to split the DLP and remove its influence. This tactic was successful and the DLP lost all its Senate seats at the 1974 election. The party was formally wound up in 1978. Soon after, a small group of supporters formed a new Democratic Labor Party, which continues to this day. Edward Gough Whitlam AC QC (born 11 July 1916), known as Gough Whitlam (, pronounced Goff), Australian politician and 21st Prime Minister of Australia. ... Federal elections were held in Australia on December 2, 1972. ... Federal elections were held in Australia on May 18, 1974. ... The Democratic Labor Party (DLP) is a minor political party in Australia that espouses social conservatism. ...

Santamaria continued to exercise considerable influence through the NCC until his death in 1998. The National Civic Council (NCC) is an Australian public policy think tank. ...

DLP and ALP (Anti-Communist) Parliamentarians

Australian House of Representatives Australian House of Representatives chamber Entrance to the House of Representatives The Australian House of Representatives is one of the two houses (chambers) of the Parliament of Australia. ...

• Tom Andrews (Vic) 1955
• Bill Bourke (Vic) 1955
• Bill Bryson (Vic) 1955
• John Cremean (Vic) 1955
• Bob Joshua (Vic) 1955
• Stan Keon (Vic) 1955
• John Mullens (Vic) 1955

Australian Senate Australian Senate chamber Entrance to the Senate The Senate is the upper of the two houses of the Parliament of Australia. ...

• George Cole (Tas) 1955-65
• Frank McManus (Vic) 1955-62, 1965-74
• Vince Gair (Qld) 1965-74
• Condon Byrne (Qld) 1968-74
• Jack Little (Vic) 1968-74
• Jack Kane (NSW) 1970-74

Vincent Clair Gair (25 February 1902 - 11 November 1980) was an Australian politician. ...

See also

• Australian Labor Party (Anti-Communist)
• Australian Labor Party

The Australian Labor Party (ALP) is Australias oldest political party. ...

External links

• Statement by Frank Scully about the DLP's formation
• The split - 50 years on
• Australian Biography interview with Bob Santamaria