Uniunea Democrată Maghiară din România Romániai Magyar Demokrata Szövetség Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania
Leader	Béla Markó
Senate Leader	Attila Verestóy
Chamber Leader	Márton Árpád
Founded	25 December 1989
Headquarters	Str. Avram Iancu, 8 Bucharest
Political Ideology	Minority rights, centrism
International Affiliation	none
European Affiliation	European People's Party
European Parliament Group	European People's Party–European Democrats
Colours	Green and red
Website	www.udmr.ro
See also	Politics of Romania Political parties 2004 elections Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Headline text Béla Markó (born September 8, 1951) is a Romanian writer and politician of Hungarian ethnicity. ... is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... Nickname: Motto: Patria si Dreptul Meu (My Country and My Right) Location of Bucharest within Romania (in red) Coordinates: , Country County Founded 1459 (first official mentioned) Government  - Mayor Adriean Videanu Area  - City 228 km²  (88 sq mi)  - Metro 238 km² (91. ... The European Peoples Party (EPP) is the largest transnational European political party. ... The European Peoples Party (Christian Democrats) and European Democrats is a group in the European Parliament. ... For other uses, see Green (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Red (disambiguation). ... Politics of Romania takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Romania is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ... Political parties in Romania lists political parties in Romania. ... The Romanian legislative election of 2004 was held on November 28, 2004. ...

The Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, (also Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania; Hungarian: Romániai Magyar Demokrata Szövetség, RMDSZ; Romanian: Uniunea Democrată Maghiară din România, UDMR) is a Romanian political alliance, effectively (though not officially) a party, representing ethnic Hungarians in Romania. As of 2007, it is part of the governing coalition, along with the National Liberal Party. The purpose of the UDMR is to get the territorial autonomy for the Hungarians, according to its leader Marko Bela who declared: "The goal of the UDMR is the territorial autonomy which we deserve it"^[1]. The leaders of the UDMR voted the statement of the territorial autonomy for Szekler Region^[2]. Which means decentralization of the territories in Romania to give more power for the local authorities and better distribution of the money. This article is about the Hungarian ethnic group. ... 2007 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Partidul NaÅ£ional Liberal (National Liberal Party) is a liberal party in Romania, and the second largest party in parliament, being edged out only by the Social Democratic Party. ...

Reformed Church in Romania bishop László Tőkés was the honorary president of the party until 2003. The Reformed Church in Romania (Hungarian: Romániai Református Egyház; Romanian: Biserica Reformată din România) is the organization of the Calvinist church in Romania. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      This article... László TÅ‘kés, (born April 1, 1952), is an ethnic Hungarian citizen of Romania, now bishop of the Reformed Church District of Királyhágómellék, Transylvania, Romania and President of the Hungarian National Council of Transylvania (Hungarian: Erdélyi Magyar Nemzeti Tanács). An effort to...

Status

UDMR is not a legally registered political party, but takes part in elections under art. 4(2) of the Law 68/1992 which assimilates organizations representing national minorities to political parties from an electoral point of view. UDMR is represented in both houses of the Romanian Parliament since its formation. UDMR is classified as a "union" or "alliance", which incorporates several platforms of different ideologies.

UDMR aims to represent the Magyar (ethnic Hungarian) community of Romania, which is one of the largest national minorities in Europe (1,431,807 citizens, according to the 2002 census). In national elections, the union consistently obtains around 6% of the votes, which roughly corresponds to the percentage of ethnic Hungarian voters. Since 1996, UDMR has been part of all of Romania's governing coalitions, although not always a formal partner in government. This article is about the Hungarian ethnic group. ... The definition of a minority group can vary, depending on specific context, but generally refers to either a sociological sub-group that does not form either a majority or a plurality of the total population, or a group that, while not necessarily a numerical minority, is disadvantaged or otherwise has... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...

History

UDMR was founded December 25, 1989, immediately after the fall of the Communist dictatorship in the (Romanian Revolution of 1989), to represent in public the interests of the Hungarian community in Romania. Its founder was the writer Domokos Géza. is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... Anthem Zdrobite cătuÅŸe (1947 - 1953) Te slăvim Românie (1953 - 1968) Trei Culori (1968-1989) Capital Bucharest Language(s) Romanian Government Socialist republic Head of State  - 1947–1965 Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej  - 1965-1989 Nicolae CeauÅŸescu Legislature Marea Adunare NaÅ£ionalÇŽ Historical era Cold War  - Monarchy abolished... Combatants Securitate and other loyalist forces Anti-CeauÅŸescu protesters, discontented Communist party members, Romanian Army defectors Commanders Nicolae CeauÅŸescu† Various independent leaders Casualties 1,104 deaths The Romanian Revolution of 1989 was a week-long series of riots and fighting in late December of 1989 that overthrew the...

UDMR obtained consistent results during the 1990, 1992, 1996, 2000 and 2004 elections, gaining representation in both houses of the Parliament. Until 1996, the UDMR acted in opposition. From 1996 the party governed in a coalition with the Romanian Democratic Convention (Convenţia Democrată Română, CDR)—a wide alliance that won the elections that year—and obtained some positions in the government of Victor Ciorbea. Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... The Romanian Democratic Convention (Romanian: Convenţia Democrată Română, CDR) was an electoral alliance of several political parties of Romania, active from early 1992 until 2000. ... Victor Ciorbea (born on October 26, 1954, in Ponor, Alba county, Romania) was the Prime Minister of Romania from December 1996 to April 1998. ...

Four years later, the formerly-in-opposition Social Democratic Party of Romania (PSD) won the 2000 elections. Although UDMR did not join the new government as a coalition partner, it did sign a series of annual contracts with the PSD in which the PSD pledged to implement certain legal rights for the Hungarian minority community in return for UDMR's support in parliament. The Social Democratic Party of Romania (Partidul Social Democrat or PSD) is the governing party of Romania. ...

UDMR's presence in the government has been largely perceived as beneficial for Romania's international image, as well as a factor of stability in Romanian political life.

In the 2004 elections, the UDMR made an alliance to back Adrian Năstase of the Social Democratic Party, who was the favourite to win the presidential elections, but the surprise victory of Traian Băsescu rocked the Romanian political spectrum. After negotiations, the UDMR, together with the Romanian Humanist Party (now the Conservative Party), defected from the PSD alliance and pledged to form a coalition with the Justice and Truth Alliance. The UDMR obtained positions in the government. A presidential election was held in Romania on November 28, 2004. ... Adrian Năstase (born June 22, 1950) is a Romanian politician who was the Prime Minister of Romania from December 2000 to December 2004. ... Traian Băsescu (born November 4, 1951) is a Romanian politician and former Merchant Navy officer. ... Its headquarters, on Calea Victoriei This article refers to the current Conservative Party in Romania. ... Justice and Truth (in Romanian Dreptate ÅŸi adevăr, or D.A. for short) is a political alliance comprising two political parties in Romania: the centre-right liberal National Liberal Party (PNL) and the centre-left reformist Democratic Party (PD). ...

Doctrine

UDMR encompasses several platforms subscribing to social-democratic, liberal, or conservative doctrines. However, the union firmly delimits itself from groups manifesting non-democratic, or extreme left or right views. As a whole, the union represents a centrist, moderate political ideology, with strong pro-European and pro-democratic affiliation. UDMR is a member of the European People's Party (EPP). Social democracy is a political ideology emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from supporters of Marxism who believed that the transition to a socialist society could be achieved through democratic evolutionary rather than revolutionary means. ... Look up liberal on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Liberal may refer to: Politics: Liberalism American liberalism, a political trend in the USA Political progressivism, a political ideology that is for change, often associated with liberal movements Liberty, the condition of being free from control or restrictions Liberal Party, members of... Ths article deals with conservatism as a political philosophy. ... “Leftism” redirects here. ... “Right wing” redirects here. ... In politics, centrism usually refers to the political ideal of promoting moderate policies which land in the middle ground between different political extremes. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... An ideology is a collection of ideas. ... Pro-European is a subjective term applied to a person who supports the European Union (EU) and/or further European integration, specifically in the context of political argument over the current and future status of the EU and its policies. ... The European Peoples Party (EPP) is the largest transnational European political party. ...

As an ethnic minority party representing Romanian Magyars the UDMR, above all, concerns itself with defining ethnic minority rights and strengthening the conditions under which minority communities in Romania may preserve and nurture ethnic identity.

This goal encompasses:

• Free usage of mother tongue in private and public life, as well as in administration and justice.
• Development of a native-language school system, with all levels and all types of instruction.

UDMR also strongly supports:

• Integration of Romania into European structures.
• Decentralization of administration.
• Consolidation of the market economy.

UDMR is strongly in favor of cultural autonomy, (on an individual basis). UDMR leaders have claimed on several occasions that they believe local autonomy (descentralization) to be the most appropriate and efficient form of self-government. However, UDMR has also stated that it wishes to achieve this goal only through a dialogue and consensus with the Romanian majority, and based on proven Western European models. Decentralization is the process of dispersing decision-making closer to the point of service or action. ... A market economy (also called a free market economy or a free enterprise economy) is an economic system in which the production and distribution of goods and services take place through the mechanism of free markets guided by a free price system. ... Self-governance is an abstract concept that refers to several scales of organization. ... The borders of Western Europe were largely defined by the Cold War. ...

UDMR has been criticised on several occasions for its lack of specific doctrine. The main argument for preserving the current structure is that if it split up into smaller fractions of different ideological orientations, it would be impossible for the Hungarian community to obtain more seats in the Parliament (a seat is allotted to each minority group by default) due to the electoral threshold of 5%. Type Bicameral Houses Senatul Camera Deputaţilor President of the Senate Nicolae Văcăroiu, PSD since 2004 President of the Chamber of Deputies Bogdan Olteanu, PNL since 2006 Members 469 137 senators 332 deputies Political groups (as of 2004 elections) Senate: PSD, PNL, PD,PRM, UDMR, PC, Independents Chamber... In party-list proportional representation systems, an election threshold is a clause that stipulates that a party must receive a minimum percentage of votes, either nationally or within a particular district, to get any seats in the parliament. ...

Several voices from within the UDMR and the Hungarian community have criticised it for being too moderate, and making too many compromises in political treaties with other Romanian parties. The Hungarian Civic Alliance split from UDMR, aiming to form a separate, more radical, political entity. However, during the 2004 elections, UDMR proved to still have the support of the overwhelming majority of Hungarians. Disputes with this fraction-group led to the departure of László Tőkés (who was in support of the break-away group) from the position of honorary president. The Hungarian Civic Alliance is a political party of the Hungarian minority in Romania. ... László TÅ‘kés, (born April 1, 1952), is an ethnic Hungarian citizen of Romania, now bishop of the Reformed Church District of Királyhágómellék, Transylvania, Romania and President of the Hungarian National Council of Transylvania (Hungarian: Erdélyi Magyar Nemzeti Tanács). An effort to...

2006 György Frunda controversy

See also: György Frunda#Report on the "Concept of Nation"

An important leader of UDMR, György Frunda, who is also a senator in the Romanian Parliament, reportedly said: "I do not represent Romania [in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe]. I am the head of the Romanian Delegation, elected by 10 members who represented Romania at a parliamentary level,"^[3] causing some controversy within Romania regarding the loyalty of Frunda to the Romanian state. Emil Boc, the Mayor of Cluj-Napoca and leader of Democratic Party, asked György Frunda to be loyal to Romania.^[4] György Frunda (b. ... György Frunda (b. ... Coat of Arms of The Senate of Romania The Senate of Romania (Romanian: Senat) is the upper house in Romanias bicameral parliament. ... Type Bicameral Houses Senatul Camera DeputaÅ£ilor President of the Senate Nicolae Văcăroiu, PSD since 2004 President of the Chamber of Deputies Bogdan Olteanu, PNL since 2006 Members 469 137 senators 332 deputies Political groups (as of 2004 elections) Senate: PSD, PNL, PD,PRM, UDMR, PC, Independents Chamber... The Palace of Europe in Strasbourg The Council of Europe is an international organisation of 46 member states in the European region. ... Emil Boc (born September 6, 1966, RăchiÅ£ele) is a Romanian politician. ... Map of Romania showing Cluj_Napoca Cluj_Napoca (Hungarian: Kolozsvár, German: Klausenburg, Latin: Claudiopolis), the seat of Cluj county, is one of the most important academic, cultural and industrial centers in Romania. ... The Democratic Party (Romanian: Partidul Democrat, PD) is a centre-right (formerly social democrat) party of Romania. ...

Frunda later defined the way in which he was quoted by the press as "an injustice", and declared: "I have represented and will always represent my country, with dignity and in accordance with my best knowledge. But I have said, and it is true, that I did not draft this report as a Romanian senator, I have drafted it through appointment and with a mandate from the Council of Europe's Judicial Committee [...]".^[5]

Mako Bela controversy

Marko Blea made an anticonstitutional statement: "Romania is no more a national state", which is against to the first article of Romanian Constitution<ef>MARKO BELA: „ROMÂNIA NU MAI ESTE UN STAT NAŢIONAL” </ref>.

Structure

As of March 2007, elected for four years by the Congress of the DAHR, the current UDMR president is Béla Markó, a writer of Hungarian ethnicity, who has held this position since 1993. Headline text Béla Markó (born September 8, 1951) is a Romanian writer and politician of Hungarian ethnicity. ...

UDMR is structured into 22 territorial organizations, covering all regions of Transylvania and the capital Bucharest, as well as into platforms representing different political ideologies. It has several associated partners and groups representing the civil society, or the social, scientific, artistic or professional domains. As decision-making bodies, UDMR operates a Council of Representatives, a Congress, and an Operative Council. Map of Romania with Transylvania in yellow Transylvania (Romanian: or ; Hungarian: ; German: ; Bulgarian: ; Serbian: / or / ) is a historical region in central and western Romania. ... Nickname: Motto: Patria si Dreptul Meu (My Country and My Right) Location of Bucharest within Romania (in red) Coordinates: , Country County Founded 1459 (first official mentioned) Government  - Mayor Adriean Videanu Area  - City 228 km²  (88 sq mi)  - Metro 238 km² (91. ...

Achievements

After the Government's restructuring in Spring 2007 UDMR designated the following members of the government, in the Tăriceanu II cabinet (Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu is the prime minister):

• Béla Markó – Deputy Prime Minister responsible for Education, Culture and European Integration
• Zsolt Nagy – Minister for Communications and Information Technology
• László Borbély – Minister for Development, Public Works and Housing
• Attila Korodi – Minister for Environment

As of 2006, these four all continue to hold these positions. Headline text Béla Markó (born September 8, 1951) is a Romanian writer and politician of Hungarian ethnicity. ... Zsolt Nagy at the launch of Connexs 3G mobile phone services in Romania (April 2005) Zsolt Nagy (born on June 21, 1971 in Târgu Mureş) is a Romanian politician of Hungarian ethnicity. ...

UDMR sent 10 senators and 22 deputies to the Romanian Parliament, accounting for (respectively) 7.3% and 6.6% of the seats. 186 mayors, 250 deputy mayors, 2481 local councilors and 112 county councilors were named by UDMR, and claim as its major accomplishment in that election the fact that UDMR mayors were elected in some cities where Hungarians are in the minority, such as Satu Mare, Reghin, Marghita and Jimbolia. This signals an end to ethnicity-based voting, and proves that UDMR has some support and acceptance within the ethnic Romanian majority. County Satu Mare County Status County capital Mayor Iuliu Ilyés, from Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, since 2004 Population (2002) 115. ... The city centre of Reghin Reghin (Romanian; Hungarian: (Szász)régen; German: (Sächsisch) Regen) is a city and municipality in Mureş county in Romania, on the Mureş in Transylvania. ... County Bihor County Status Municipality Mayor Zoltán Pocsaly, Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, since 2004 Population (2002) 19,000 Geographical coordinates Web site http://www. ... Jimbolia (Hungarian: Zsombolya, German: Hatzfeld) is a city in Timi&#351; county, Romania. ...

Some of the main accomplishments of UDMR since 1989 concerning the Hungarian minority have been:

• developments in the educational system, including reclaiming for Hungarian-language education some (though not all) schools that were transformed during the Communist regime.
• the law that allowed partial restitution of real estate confiscated during the Communist regime.
• a modification of the administrative law, allowing for the use of Hungarian names of towns and villages as well as Romanian names (on public signs and indicators) where Hungarians live in numbers larger than 20%.

Note

The old logo Ziua (The Day in Romanian) is a major Romanian daily newspaper published in Bucharest. ... is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

• Marko Bela: "Autonomia teritoriala este aceea in care limba maghiara este limba regionala oficiala"
• UDMR pretinde autonomie teritoriala si limba maghiara oficiala
• Marko vede autonomie teritoriala „in citiva ani“

External links

• Official site

v • d • e Political parties in Romania
Represented in the Chamber of Deputies (329)	Social Democratic Party (103) - National Liberal Party (54) - Democratic Party (53) - Greater Romania Party (29) - Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (22) - Conservative Party (16) - Ethnic minorities parties (18; 1 each) - Independents (31)
Represented in the Senate (137)	Social Democratic Party (43) - National Liberal Party (24) - Democratic Party (23) - Greater Romania Party (16) - Conservative Party (10) - Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (9) - Independents (11)
Represented in the European Parliament (35)	National Liberal Party (7) - Democratic Party (5) - Social Democratic Party (12) - Greater Romania Party (5) - Conservative Party (2) - Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (3) - Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania (1)
Not represented in Parliament*	New Generation Party (2.30%) - Christian-Democratic National Peasants' Party (1.89%) - Ecologist Party of Romania (0.77%) - People's Action (0.49%) - Socialist Alliance Party (0.32%) - Liberal Democratic Party *average 2004 result for the two chambers given in parentheses
Portal:Politics - List of political parties - Politics of Romania