NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Demographics of Crimea

Crimea [kraɪˈmiə] or the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukrainian: Крим, Автономна Республіка Крим, Avtonomna Respublika Krym, Russian: Крым, Автономная Республика Крым, Avtonomnaya Respublika Krym, Crimean Tatar: Qırım, Qırım Muhtar Cumhuriyeti) is an autonomous republic of Ukraine on the northern coast of the Black Sea occupying a peninsula of the same name. This is a list of national capitals of the world in alphabetical order. ... Simferopol (Ukrainian: ; Russian: ; Crimean Tatar: ) is the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine. ... An official language is a language that is given a privileged legal status in a state, or other legally-defined territory. ... Crimean Tatar language (QÄ±rÄ±mtatar tili, QÄ±rÄ±mtatarca), also known as Crimean (QÄ±rÄ±m tili, QÄ±rÄ±mca) and Crimean Turkish (QÄ±rÄ±m TÃ¼rkÃ§esi) is the language of the Crimean Tatars. ... The Crimean Tatars (sg. ... A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. ... Mariyinsky Palace The President of Ukraine (Ukrainian: , Prezydent Ukrayiny) is the head of the state of Ukraine and acts in its name. ... Viktor Andriyovych Yushchenko (Ukrainian: ) (born February 23, 1954) is the current President of Ukraine. ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... It has been suggested that Speakers of the House be merged into this article or section. ... A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. ... Anthem: God Save the Tsar! Russian Empire in 1914 Capital Saint Petersburg Language(s) Russian Government Monarchy Emperor - 1721-1725 Peter the Great - 1894-1917 Nicholas II History - Established 22 October, 1721 - February Revolution 2 March, 1917 Area - 1897 22,400,000 km2 8,648,688 sq mi Population - 1897... October 18 is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years). ... Year 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for full calendar). ... June 30 is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 184 days remaining. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... This is a list of sovereign states and other territories by population, using the most recently available official figures. ... The first Ukrainian Census after the dissolution of the Soviet Union was carried out by State Statistics Committee of Ukraine on December 5, 2001, twelve years after the last All-Union census in 1989. ... Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... Population density by country, 2006 List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/kmÂ². The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. ... ISO 4217 Code UAH User(s) Ukraine Inflation 13. ... 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This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E.164. ... Viktor Andriyovych Yushchenko (Ukrainian: ) (born February 23, 1954) is the current President of Ukraine. ... Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ÐšÑ€Ñ‹Ð¼ÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÐÐ²Ñ‚Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¡Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑ‚ÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¡Ð¾Ñ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð ÐµÑÐ¿ÑƒÐ±Ð»Ð¸ÐºÐ°) (October 18, 1921â€”June 30, 1945) was created as part of RSFSR within the Crimean Peninsula, its capital being Simferopol. ... State motto: Russian: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐµÑ… ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½, ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑŒ! Translation: Workers of the world, unite! Capital Moscow Official language Russian Established In the USSR: - Since - Until November 7, 1917 November 7, 1917 December 12, 1991 (dissolution) Area - Total - Water (%) Ranked 1st in the USSR 17,075,200 kmÂ² 13% Population - Total - Density Ranked 1st in the... Crimean Tatar language (QÄ±rÄ±mtatar tili, QÄ±rÄ±mtatarca), also known as Crimean (QÄ±rÄ±m tili, QÄ±rÄ±mca) and Crimean Turkish (QÄ±rÄ±m TÃ¼rkÃ§esi) is the language of the Crimean Tatars. ... A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. ... NASA satelite image of the Black Sea Map of the Black Sea The Black Sea is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Anatolia that is actually a distant arm of the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Mediterranean Sea. ... A peninsula in Croatia A peninsula (from the latin words paene insula, almost island) is a geographical landform consisting of an extension of a body of land from a larger body of land, surrounded by water on three sides. ...

The total area of the republic is 26,200 km². As of 2005, Crimea has a population of 1,994,300 inhabitants. The capital of Crimea is the city of Simferopol. Simferopol (Ukrainian: ; Russian: ; Crimean Tatar: ) is the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine. ...

Crimea is the homeland for the Crimean Tatars, an ethnic minority who now make up about 13% of the population. The Crimean Tatars (sg. ...

Etymology of the name

The name Crimea takes its origin in the name of a city of Qırım (today's Stary Krym) which served as a capital of the Crimean province of the Golden Horde. Qırım is Crimean Tatar for "my hill" (qır – hill, –ım – my). However, there are other versions of the etymology of Qırım. Russian Krym is a Russified form of Qırım. The ancient Greeks called Crimea Taurida (later Taurica). The Greek historian Herodotus mentions that Hercules ploughed that land using a huge ox ("taurus"), hence the name of the land. Stary Krym (Crimean Tatar: Eski QÄ±rÄ±m, Ukrainian: , Russian: ) is a small historical town in the Eastern Crimea, approximately 25 km (15 mi. ... The Golden Horde (Turkish: AltÄ±n Ordu) was a Turkic state established in parts of present-day Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan after the break up of the Mongol Empire in the 1240s. ... Crimean Tatar language (QÄ±rÄ±mtatar tili, QÄ±rÄ±mtatarca), also known as Crimean (QÄ±rÄ±m tili, QÄ±rÄ±mca) and Crimean Turkish (QÄ±rÄ±m TÃ¼rkÃ§esi) is the language of the Crimean Tatars. ... Ancient Greece is the term used to describe the Greek_speaking world in ancient times. ... The Chersonesus Tauricus of Antiquity, shown on a map printed in London, ca 1770 Taurica (Greek: , Latin: ) also known as Tauris, Taurida, Tauric Chersonese, and Chersonesus Taurica was the name of Crimea in Antiquity. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

History

Early history

The earliest inhabitants of whom we have any authentic traces were the Cimmerians, who were expelled by the Scythians during the 7th century BC. The remaining Cimmerians that took refuge in the mountains later became known as the Tauri. According to other historians, the Tauri were known for their savage rituals and piracy, and were also the earliest, indigenous inhabitants of the peninsula. In 5th century BC, Greek colonists began to settle along the Black Sea coast, among those were the Dorians from Heraclea who founded a sea port of Chersonesos outside Sevastopol, and the Ionians from Miletus who landed at Feodosiya and Panticapaeum (also called Bosporus). The Chersonesus Tauricus of Antiquity, shown on a map printed in London, ca 1770 Taurica (Greek: , Latin: ) also known as Tauris, Taurida, Tauric Chersonese, and Chersonesus Taurica was the name of Crimea in Antiquity. ... The Cimmerians (Greek ÎšÎ¹Î¼Î¼ÎÏÎ¹Î¿Î¹, Kimmerioi) were ancient equestrian nomads who, according to Herodotus, originally inhabited the region north of the Caucasus and the Black Sea, in what is now Russia and Ukraine, in the 8th and 7th century BC. Assyrian records, however, first place them in the region of Azerbaijan in... Approximate extent of Scythia and Sarmatia in the 1st century BC (the orange background shows the spread of Eastern Iranian languages, among them Scytho-Sarmatian). ... The Tauri were the original inhabitants of the southern coast of Crimea, inhabiting the Crimean Mountains and the narrow strip of land between the mountains and the Black Sea. ... NASA satelite image of the Black Sea Map of the Black Sea The Black Sea is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Anatolia that is actually a distant arm of the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Mediterranean Sea. ... Heraclea Pontica (mod. ... The remains of the city of Chersonesos Chersonesos (Greek: , Latin: , Ukrainian: , Russian: ; see also List of traditional Greek place names) also known as Chersonese, Chersonesos, Cherson, Khersones and Korsun was an ancient Greek colony founded approximately 2500 years ago in the southwestern part of Crimea, known then as Taurica. ... now. ... Ionia (Greek Î™Ï‰Î½Î¯Î±; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (now in Turkey) on the Aegean Sea. ... The lower half of the benches and the remnants of the scene building of the theater of Miletus, as it was on August 6, 2005. ... Feodosiya is a port and resort city in southern Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast of Crimea. ... Panticapaeum was an ancient Greek colony founded about 2600 years ago on the Cimmerian Bosporus, at the site of present-day Kerch city in the Crimea (Ukraine). ... The Cimmerian Bosphorus of Antiquity, shown on a map printed in London, ca 1770 The Cimmerian Bosporus (Bosporus Cimmerius) was the ancient name for the Strait of Kerch that connects the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. ...

Two centuries later, (438 BC) the Archon (ruler) of the latter settlers assumed the title of the Kings of Cimmerian Bosporus, a state that maintained close relations with Athens, supplying the city with wheat, honey and other commodities. The last of that line of kings, Paerisades V, being hard-pressed by the Scythians, put himself under the protection of Mithridates VI, the king of Pontus, in 114 BC. After the death of this sovereign, his son, Pharnaces II, was invested by Pompey with the kingdom of Bosporus in 63 BC as a reward for the assistance rendered to the Romans in their war against his father. In 15 BC, it was once again restored to the king of Pontus, but since ranked as a tributary state of Rome. Image File history File links Hersones, Sevastopol, Crimea, Ukraine. ... Image File history File links Hersones, Sevastopol, Crimea, Ukraine. ... Chersonesus (Херсонес) is an ancient city on the territory of Sevastopol, in the Crimea, Ukraine. ... now. ... Nickname: City of Athena or Cradle of Democracy Location of the city of Athens (red dot) within the Prefecture of Athens and Periphery of Attica Coordinates: Country Greece Peripheries Attica Prefecture Athens Founded circa 2000 BC Mayor Nikitas Kaklamanis Area - City 38. ... A silver coin depicting Mithradates VI of Pontus. ... Traditional rural Pontic house A man in traditional clothes from Trabzon, illustration Pontus is the name which was applied, in ancient times, to extensive tracts of country in the northeast of Asia Minor (modern Turkey) bordering on the Euxine (Black Sea), which was often called simply Pontos (the main), by... Pharnaces II of Pontus (63 BC - 47 BC), was the king of Pontus and son of the great Mithridates VI. Pompey had defeated Mithridates VI in 64 BC and gained control of much of Asia Minor, but Pharnaces II attempted to take advantage of the Roman civil war to retake... Pompey, Pompey the Great or Pompey the Triumvir [1] (Classical Latin abbreviation: CNÂ·POMPEIVSÂ·CNÂ·FÂ·SEXÂ·NÂ·MAGNVS[2], Gnaeus or Cnaeus Pompeius Magnus) (September 29, 106 BCâ€“September 29, 48 BC), was a distinguished military and political leader of the late Roman republic. ... The Cimmerian Bosphorus of Antiquity, shown on a map printed in London, ca 1770 The Cimmerian Bosporus (Bosporus Cimmerius) was the ancient name for the Strait of Kerch that connects the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. ... See also Roman Republic (18th century) and Roman Republic (19th century). ... Nickname: The Eternal City Motto: SPQR: Senatus PopulusQue Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area - City 1285 kmÂ² (580 sq mi) - Urban...

Throughout the later centuries, Crimea was invaded or occupied successively by the Goths (AD. 250), the Huns (376), the Bulgars (6th century), the Khazars (8th century), the state of Kievan Rus' (10th-11th centuries), the Byzantine Greeks (1016), the Kipchaks (the Kumans) (1050), and the Mongols (1237). The least-powerful, least-known, and paradoxically longest-lived Gothic communities were those that remained in the lands around the Black Sea, especially in the Crimea. ... The Huns were a Turkic confederation of Central Asian equestrian nomads or semi-nomads. ... Map showing the location of Bulgars, 650. ... The Khazars (Hebrew Kuzari ×›×•×–×¨×™ Kuzarim ×›×•×–×¨×™×; Turkish Hazar Hazarlar; Russian Ð¥Ð°Ð·Ð°Ñ€Ñ‹; Tatar sing XÃ¤zÃ¤r XÃ¤zÃ¤rlÃ¤r; Crimean Tatar: ; Greek Î§Î±Î¶Î¬ÏÎ¿Î¹/Î§Î¬Î¶Î±ÏÎ¿Î¹; Arabic Ø®Ø²Ø±; PersianØ®Ø²Ø± ; Latin Gazari or Cosri) were a semi-nomadic Turkic people from Central Asia, many of whom converted to Judaism. ... Kievan Rusâ€² was the early, mostly East Slavic [1] state dominated by the city of Kiev from about 880 to the middle of the 12th century. ... Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent c. ... Kipchaks (also Kypchaks, Qipchaqs) are an ancient Turkic people, first mentioned in the historical chronicles of Central Asia in the 1st millennium BC. Their language was also known as Kipchak. ... Mongols (Mongolian: ÐœÐ¾Ð½Ð³Ð¾Ð» Mongol, Turkish: MoÄŸollar) are an ethnic group that originated in what is now Mongolia, Russia, and China or more specifically on the Central Asian plateau north of the Gobi desert and south of Siberia. ...

In the mid-10th century, the eastern area of Crimea was conquered by Prince Sviatoslav I of Kiev and became part of the Kievan Rus' principality of Tmutarakan. In 988, Prince Vladimir I of Kiev also captured the Byzantine town of Chersones (presently part of Sevastopol) where he later converted to Christianity. An impressive Russian Orthodox cathedral marks the location of this historic event. Sviatoslavs meeting with Emperor John by Klavdiy Lebedev, an attempt to visualise Leo the Deacons description of Sviatoslav Sviatoslav I of Kiev (East Slavic: Ð¡Ð²ÑÑ‚Ð¾ÑÐ»Ð°Ð², ca. ... Tmutarakan is an ancient city that controlled the passage from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov. ... Detail of the Millennium of Russia monument in Novgorod (1862) representing St Vladimir and his family. ... Tauric Chersonesos, Greek Χερσονασος (Chersones, Khersones, Korsun, Russian: Херсонес) was the Greek settlement founded approximately 2500 years ago in the southwestern part of Crimean (Taurian) Peninsula. ... Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... The Russian Orthodox Church (Russian: ), also known as the Orthodox Christian Church of Russia, is that body of Christians who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with the other patriarchs and primates of the Eastern Orthodox Church. ...

In the 13th century, the Republic of Genoa seized the settlements which their rivals, the Venetians, had built along the Crimean coast and established themselves at Cembalo, Soldaia, Cherco and Caffa, gaining control of the Crimean economy and the Black Sea commerce for two centuries. The Republic of Genoa, in full the Most Serene Republic of Genoa (known as the Ligurian Republic from 1798 to 1805) was an independent state in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast from ca. ... Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venezsia) is the capital of region Veneto, and has a population of 271,663 (census estimate January 1, 2004). ... Balaklava (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a town in the Crimea, Ukraine which has an official status of a district of the city of Sevastopol. ... Sudak is city in the Crimea. ... Kerch (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: , Old East Slavic: ÐšÑŠÑ€Ñ‡ÐµÐ²ÑŠ) is a city (2001 pop 157,000) on the Kerch Peninsula of eastern Crimea, is an important industrial, transport and tourist centre of Ukraine. ... Feodosiya is a port and resort city in southern Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast of Crimea. ...

Crimean Khanate

A number of Turkic peoples, now collectively known as the Crimean Tatars, had been inhabiting the peninsula since the early Middle Ages. The ethnicity of the Crimean Tatars is quite complex as it absorbed both nomadic Turkic and European components (in the first place, the Goths and the Genoese) which is still reflected in their appearance and language differences. A small enclave of the Karaims, possibly of Khazar (i.e. Turkic) descent but members of a Jewish sect, was founded in the 8th century. It existed among the Muslim Crimean Tatars, primarily in the mountainous Çufut Qale area. After the destruction of the Golden Horde by Timur in 1441, the Crimean Tatars founded an independent Crimean Khanate under Hacı I Giray, a descendant of Genghis Khan. He and his successors reigned first at Qırq Yer, and from the beginning of the 15th century, at Bakhchisaray. The Crimean Khanate or the Khanate of Crimea (Crimean Tatar: ; Russian: - Krymskoye khanstvo; Ukrainian: - Krymske khanstvo; Turkish: ) was a Crimean Tatar state from 1441 to 1783. ... Black Sea Region in 1600 See also Crimean Khanate Categories: Crimean Khanate File links The following pages link to this file: Crimean Khanate Categories: Free use images ... Black Sea Region in 1600 See also Crimean Khanate Categories: Crimean Khanate File links The following pages link to this file: Crimean Khanate Categories: Free use images ... The Crimean Khanate or the Khanate of Crimea (Crimean Tatar: ; Russian: - Krymskoye khanstvo; Ukrainian: - Krymske khanstvo; Turkish: ) was a Crimean Tatar state from 1441 to 1783. ... This article is about the various peoples speaking one of the Turkic languages. ... The Crimean Tatars (sg. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... The Crimean Karaites (Crimean Karaim: sg. ... Ã‡ufut Qale or Chufut Kale is a historic fortress in the Crimea, near Bakhchisaray. ... The Golden Horde (Turkish: AltÄ±n Ordu) was a Turkic state established in parts of present-day Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan after the break up of the Mongol Empire in the 1240s. ... Statue of Timur in Shahrisabz, Uzbekistan TÄ«mÅ«r bin Taraghay Barlas (Chagatai Turkic: ØªÛŒÙ…ÙˆØ± - TÄ“mÅr, iron) (1336 â€“ February 1405) was a 14th-century warlord of Turco-Mongol descent[1][2][3][4], conqueror of much of Western and central Asia, and founder of the Timurid Empire (1370â€“1405... The Crimean Khanate or the Khanate of Crimea (Crimean Tatar: ; Russian: - Krymskoye khanstvo; Ukrainian: - Krymske khanstvo; Turkish: ) was a Crimean Tatar state from 1441 to 1783. ... Haci I Giray (Crimean Tatar: ) (died 1466) was the founder and the first ruler of the Crimean Khanate. ... For other uses, see Genghis Khan (disambiguation). ... Ã‡ufut Qale or Chufut Kale is a historic fortress in the Crimea, near Bakhchisaray. ... Bakhchisaray (Crimean Tatar: BaÄŸÃ§asaray, Ukrainian: , Russian: ), a town in Central Crimea, centre of the Bakhchisaray raion (district), former capital of the Crimean Khanate. ...

The commercial towns held by the Genoese were conquered by the Ottoman general Gedik Ahmed Pasha in 1475. After 1475, the Crimean Khans ruled as tributary princes of the Ottoman Empire until 1774 when they fell under the Russian influence. In 1783, entire Crimea was annexed by the Russian Empire. Alternate uses, see Genoa (disambiguation). ... Motto: Ø¯ÙˆÙ„Øª Ø§Ø¨Ø¯ Ù…Ø¯Øª Devlet-i Ebed-mÃ¼ddet (The Eternal State) Anthem: Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital SÃ¶ÄŸÃ¼t (1299-1326) Bursa (1326-1365) Edirne (1365-1453) Constantinople (Istanbul) (1453-1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish Government Monarchy Sultans - 1281â€“1326 Osman I - 1918â€“1922 Mehmed VI... Gedik Ahmet Pasha Mosque (1477) in Afyonkarahisar, part of a magnificent religious and educational compound (source&permission: Municioality of Afyonkarahisar). ... The following is the chronological table of reigns of khans of Crimean Khanate: External links Hansaray. ... Anthem: God Save the Tsar! Russian Empire in 1914 Capital Saint Petersburg Language(s) Russian Government Monarchy Emperor - 1721-1725 Peter the Great - 1894-1917 Nicholas II History - Established 22 October, 1721 - February Revolution 2 March, 1917 Area - 1897 22,400,000 km2 8,648,688 sq mi Population - 1897...

Russian Empire

The Crimean War (1854–1856) devastated much of the economic and social infrastructure of Crimea. The Crimean Tatars had to flee from their homeland en masse, forced by the conditions created by the war, persecution and land expropriations. Those who survived the trip, famine and disease, resettled in Dobruja, Anatolia, and other parts of the Ottoman Empire. For the first time in their history, Crimean Tatars became a minority in their own land, with the majority spread out as a diaspora. Finally, the Russian government decided to stop the process, as the agriculture began to suffer due to the unattended fertile farmland. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1464x1050, 987 KB) Chateau Nid dhirondelle, prÃ¨s de Yalta. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1464x1050, 987 KB) Chateau Nid dhirondelle, prÃ¨s de Yalta. ... Overlooking the cape of Aiâ€“Todor, the romantic Swallows Nest castle is situated on top of a 40-metre (130 ft) high Aurora Cliff. ... Yalta (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a city in Crimea, southern Ukraine, on the north coast of the Black Sea. ... Victoria Tower at the Palace of Westminster, London: Gothic details provided by A.W.N. Pugin The Gothic Revival was an architectural movement which originated in mid-18th century England. ... Combatants Allies: Second French Empire United Kingdom Ottoman Empire Kingdom of Sardinia Russian Empire Bulgarian volunteers Casualties 90,000 French 35,000 Turkish 17,500 British 2,050 Sardinian killed, wounded and died of disease 256,000 killed, wounded and died of disease The Crimean War (1854â€“1856) was fought... The Crimean Tatars (sg. ... Map of Romania with Northern Dobruja highlighted in orange and Bulgaria with Southern Dobruja highlighted in yellow. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Motto: Ø¯ÙˆÙ„Øª Ø§Ø¨Ø¯ Ù…Ø¯Øª Devlet-i Ebed-mÃ¼ddet (The Eternal State) Anthem: Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital SÃ¶ÄŸÃ¼t (1299-1326) Bursa (1326-1365) Edirne (1365-1453) Constantinople (Istanbul) (1453-1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish Government Monarchy Sultans - 1281â€“1326 Osman I - 1918â€“1922 Mehmed VI... The Crimean Tatar diaspora dates back to the annexation of Crimea by Russia in 1783, after which Crimean Tatars were forced to emigrate in a series of waves spanning the period from 1783 to 1917. ...

During the Russian Civil War, Crimea was a stronghold of the anti-Bolshevik White Army. It was in Crimea that the White Russians led by General Wrangel made their last stand against the invading Red Army in 1920. After the resistance was crushed, many of the anti-Communist fighters and civilians had to board the ships and escape to Istanbul. Hundreds of thousands of Russians who chose to remain were executed by the Communists. Combatants Red Army (Bolsheviks) White Army (Monarchists, SRs, Anti-Communists) Green Army (Peasants and Nationalists) Black Army (Anarchists) Commanders Leon Trotsky Mikhail Tukhachevsky Semyon Budyonny Lavr Kornilov, Alexander Kolchak, Anton Denikin, Pyotr Wrangel Alexander Antonov, Nikifor Grigoriev Nestor Makhno Strength 5,427,273 (peak) +1,000,000 Casualties 939,755... The White movement, whose military arm is known as the White Army (Ð‘ÐµÐ»Ð°Ñ ÐÑ€Ð¼Ð¸Ñ) or White Guard (Ð‘ÐµÐ»Ð°Ñ Ð“Ð²Ð°Ñ€Ð´Ð¸Ñ, Ð±ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð³Ð²Ð°Ñ€Ð´ÐµÐ¹Ñ†Ñ‹) and whose members are known as Whites (Ð‘ÐµÐ»Ñ‹Ðµ, or the derogatory Ð‘ÐµÐ»ÑÐºÐ¸) or White Russians (a term which has other meanings) comprised some of the Russian forces, both political and military, which opposed the Bolsheviks after the... Baron Wrangel At a prayer vigil upon accepting command. ... The Workers and Peasants Red Army (Russian: Ð Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ‡Ðµ-ÐšÑ€ÐµÑÑ‚ÑŒÑÐ½ÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÐšÑ€Ð°ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐÑ€Ð¼Ð¸Ñ, Raboche-Krestyanskaya Krasnaya Armiya; RKKA or usually simply the Red Army) were the armed forces first organized by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918 and that in 1922 became the army of the Soviet Union. ... Istanbul (Turkish: Ä°stanbul, Greek: , historically known in English as Constantinople; see other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural and financial center. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ...

Soviet Union

On October 18, 1921, the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was created as part of the Russian SFSR. October 18 is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years). ... Year 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for full calendar). ... Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ÐšÑ€Ñ‹Ð¼ÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÐÐ²Ñ‚Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¡Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑ‚ÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¡Ð¾Ñ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð ÐµÑÐ¿ÑƒÐ±Ð»Ð¸ÐºÐ°) (October 18, 1921â€”June 30, 1945) was created as part of RSFSR within the Crimean Peninsula, its capital being Simferopol. ... State motto: Russian: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐµÑ… ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½, ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑŒ! Translation: Workers of the world, unite! Capital Moscow Official language Russian Established In the USSR: - Since - Until November 7, 1917 November 7, 1917 December 12, 1991 (dissolution) Area - Total - Water (%) Ranked 1st in the USSR 17,075,200 kmÂ² 13% Population - Total - Density Ranked 1st in the...

During World War II, Crimea was a scene of some of the bloodiest battles. The leaders of the Third Reich were anxious to conquer and colonize the fertile and beautiful peninsula as part of their policy of resettling the Germans in Eastern Europe at the expense of the Slavs. The Germans suffered heavy casualties in the summer of 1941 as they tried to advance through the narrow isthmus of Perekop linking Crimea to the Ukrainian mainland. Once the German army broke through (Operation Trappenjagd), they occupied most of Crimea, with the exception of the city of Sevastopol, which was later awarded the honorary title of Hero City after the war. Combatants Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Chiang Kai-shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Perekop may refer to the following objects located basically at the same site. ... now. ... Hero City (город-герой or gorod-geroy in Russian) is an honorary title awarded to twelve cities and one city-fortress in the Soviet Union for outstanding heroism during the Great Patriotic War of 1941 to 1945. ...

Sevastopol held out from October 1941 until July 4, 1942 when the Germans finally captured the city. From September 1, 1942, the peninsula was administered as the Generalbezirk Krim (general district of Crimea) und Teilbezirk 'and sub-district' Taurien by the Nazi Generalkommissar Alfred Eduard Frauenfeld (1898–1977), under the authority of the three consecutive Reichskommissare for the entire Ukraine. In spite of heavy-handed tactics by the Nazis and the assistance of the Romanian and Italian troops, the Crimean mountains remained an unconquered stronghold of the native resistance (the partisans) until the day when the peninsula was freed from the occupying force. For the United States holiday, the Fourth of July, see Independence Day (United States). ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1942 calendar). ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1942 calendar). ... Reichskommissar (Commissionary of the Empire) was an official title of authorized representative of the Deutsches Reich (after 1871) who was appointed to a special task, e. ...

In 1944, Sevastopol came under the control of troops from the Soviet Union. The so-called "City of Russian Glory" once known for its beautiful architecture was entirely destroyed and had to be rebuilt stone by stone. Due to its enormous historical and symbolic meaning for the Russians, it became a priority for Stalin and the Soviet government to have it restored to its former glory within the shortest time possible, which had happened. Image File history File links Sudak_vlasenko. ... Image File history File links Sudak_vlasenko. ... Sudak is city in the Crimea. ...

On May 18, 1944, the entire population of the Crimean Tatars were forcibly deported to Central Asia by Stalin's Soviet government as a form of collective punishment on the grounds that they had collaborated with the Nazi occupation forces. On May 21, 1944, the ethnic cleansing of Crimea was complete. An estimated 46% of the deportees died from hunger and disease. In 1967, the Crimean Tatars were rehabilitated, but they were banned from legally returning to their homeland until the last days of the Soviet Union. May 18 is the 138th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (139th in leap years). ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... The Crimean Tatars (sg. ... Involuntary settlements in the Soviet Union took several forms. ... Iosif (usually anglicized as Joseph) Vissarionovich Stalin (Russian: Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин), original name Ioseb Jughashvili (Georgian: იოსებ ჯუღაშვი&#4314... Motto: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐµÑ… ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½, ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑŒ! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) Translation: Workers of the world, unite!) Anthem: The Internationale (1922-1944) Hymn of the Soviet Union (1944-1991) Capital Moscow Language(s) Russian (the de facto official language), 14 other official languages Government Socialist republic Leaders - 1922-1924 Vladimir Lenin - 1924-1953 Joseph Stalin... Collective punishment is a term describing the punishment of a group of people for the crime of a few or even of one. ... National Socialism redirects here. ... May 21 is the 141st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (142nd in leap years). ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Armenian civilians, being cleansed from there homeland during the Armenian Genocide. ...

The Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was abolished in June 30, 1945 and transformed into the Crimean Oblast (region) of the Russian SFSR. On February 19, 1954, the oblast was transferred from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR. As it stated in the Supreme Soviet Decree the transfer was caused by close (1) geographic, (2) economic, and (3) cultural ties to the Ukrainian SSR.^[1] The transfer was also meant by the Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev as a symbolic gesture to mark the 300th anniversary of the Treaty of Pereyaslav that unified Russia and Ukraine. June 30 is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 184 days remaining. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ... Oblast (Czech: oblast, Slovak: oblasÅ¥, Russian and Ukrainian: , Belarusian: , Bulgarian: Ð¾ÌÐ±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚) refers to a subnational entity in some countries. ... State motto: Russian: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐµÑ… ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½, ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑŒ! Translation: Workers of the world, unite! Capital Moscow Official language Russian Established In the USSR: - Since - Until November 7, 1917 November 7, 1917 December 12, 1991 (dissolution) Area - Total - Water (%) Ranked 1st in the USSR 17,075,200 kmÂ² 13% Population - Total - Density Ranked 1st in the... February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... State motto: Russian: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐµÑ… ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½, ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑŒ! Translation: Workers of the world, unite! Capital Moscow Official language Russian Established In the USSR: - Since - Until November 7, 1917 November 7, 1917 December 12, 1991 (dissolution) Area - Total - Water (%) Ranked 1st in the USSR 17,075,200 kmÂ² 13% Population - Total - Density Ranked 1st in the... State motto: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ñ– Ð²ÑÑ–Ñ… ÐºÑ€Ð°Ñ—Ð½, Ñ”Ð´Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑ! Official language None. ... The Supreme Soviet (Russian: , Verhovniy Sovet, literally the Supreme Council) comprised the highest legislative body in the Soviet Union in the interim of the sessions of the Congress of Soviets, and the only one with the power to pass constitutional amendments. ... Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (Russian: ; IPA: , in English, , or , occasionally ); surname more accurately romanized as Khrushchyov; April 17 [O.S. April 5] 1894â€“September 11, 1971) was the leader of the Soviet Union after the death of Joseph Stalin. ... Pereyaslav Rada The Treaty of Pereyaslav was concluded in 1654 in the Ukrainian city of Pereyaslav during the meeting known as Pereyaslavska Uhoda (Pereyaslav Treaty). ...

Autonomy within independent Ukraine

With the collapse of the Soviet Union, Crimea became part of the newly independent Ukraine, a situation largely unexpected by its population that was ethnically and culturally Russian for the most part. That led to tensions between Russia and Ukraine. With the Black Sea Fleet based on the peninsula, worries of armed skirmishes were occasionally raised. This is a history of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. ... Black Sea Fleet sleeve ensign The Black Sea Fleet (Russian: Ð§ÐµÑ€Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ñ€ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ñ„Ð»Ð¾Ñ‚) is a large sub-unit of the Russian (and formerly Soviet) Navy, operating in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea since the early 18th century. ...

Crimea proclaimed self-government on May 5, 1992,^[2]^[3] but later agreed to remain within Ukraine as an autonomous republic. May 5 is the 125th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (126th in leap years). ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. ...

Following the ratification of Ukrainian-Russian 1997 treaties on friendship and division of the fleet, the international tensions slowly have eased off.

Government and politics

Crimea is a parliamentary republic that has no president. The legislative body is a 100-seat parliament, the Verkhovna Rada of Crimea.^[4] A parliamentary republic is a republic, meaning the head of state is elected, but unlike in a presidential republic the head of state does not have broad executive power because much of those powers have been granted to a head of government (usually called a prime minister). ... President is a title held by many leaders of organizations, companies, trade unions, universities, and countries. ...

The executive power is represented by the Council of Ministers, headed by a Prime Minister who is appointed and dismissed by the Verkhovna Rada, with the consent of the President of Ukraine.^[5] The authority and operation of the Verkhovna Rada and the Council of Ministers of Crimea are determined by the Constitution of Ukraine and other the laws of Ukraine, as well as by regular decisions carried out by the Verkhovna Rada of Crimea.^[5] Mariyinsky Palace The President of Ukraine (Ukrainian: , Prezydent Ukrayiny) is the head of the state of Ukraine and acts in its name. ... June 28, 1996. ...

Justice is administered by courts that belong to the Judicial system of Ukraine.^[5] The judicial system of Ukraine consists of four levels, as follows: Local courts of general jurisdiction (combining criminal and civil jurisdiction) consisting of: district, urban district and town courts; regional courts; city courts in Kiev and Sevastopol; administrative local courts. ...

Administrative divisions

Crimea is subdivided into 25 regions: 14 raions and 11 city municipalities, officially known as "territories governed by city councils."^[6] Each region consists of city, urban-type settlement and village communities. A raion (or rayon) (Russian and Ukrainian: ; Belarusian Ñ€Ð°Ñ‘Ð½; Azeri: rayon, Latvian: rajons, Georgian: , raioni) is one of two kinds of administrative subdivisions in languages of some post-Soviet states: a subnational entity and a subdivision of a city. ... The city of Chicago, as seen from the sky The main square of the Catalan city of Sabadell during a popular celebration. ... Urban-type settlement (Russian: , posyolok gorodskogo tipa; Ukrainian: , selyshche miskoho typu; abbreviated as in Russian and as in Ukrainian) is an official designation for a certain type of urban settlements used in some of the countries of the former Soviet Union. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Raions

Bakhchisaray raion (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ... Byelogorsk raion (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ... Dzhankoy raion (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ... Kirovske raion (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ... Chernomorsk raion (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ...

City municipalities

Alushta city municipality (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ), officially the territory governed by the Alushta city council, also known as Greater Alushta is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ... Armyansk city municipality (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ... Dzhankoy (Ukrainian and Russian: Ð”Ð¶Ð°Ð½ÐºÐ¾Ð¹, Crimean Tatar: ) is a city in the north of Crimea, Ukraine, and the capital of Dzhankoy raion. ... Eupatoria city municipality (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) officially the territory governed by the Eupatoria city council is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ... Kerch (Ukrainian: ÐšÐµÑ€Ñ‡, Russian: , Crimean Tatar: , Old East Slavic: ÐšÐ¾Ñ€Ñ‡ÐµÐ²) is a city (2001 pop 157,000) on the Kerch Peninsula of eastern Crimea, an important industrial, transportation and tourist center of Ukraine. ... Krasnoperekopsk (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a city in Crimea, Ukraine which is located on the southern part of the Perekop Isthmus, on the shore of the Stare lake, and about 124km from the Crimean capital, Simferopol. ... Saky (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a city in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine. ... Simferopol city municipality (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) officially the territory governed by the Simferopol city council is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ... Sudak city municipality (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ), officially the territory governed by the Sudak city council is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ... Theodosia city municipality (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ), officially the territory governed by the Theodosia city council, is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ... Yalta city municipality (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ), officially the territory governed by the Yalta city council, also known as Greater Yalta is one of the 25 regions of Crimea. ...

Major cities

Simferopol (Ukrainian: ; Russian: ; Crimean Tatar: ) is the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine. ... Kerch (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: , Old East Slavic: ÐšÑŠÑ€Ñ‡ÐµÐ²ÑŠ) is a city (2001 pop 157,000) on the Kerch Peninsula of eastern Crimea, is an important industrial, transport and tourist centre of Ukraine. ... Also Eupatoria or Evpatoria; town in the Crimea. ... Feodosiya is a port and resort city in southern Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast of Crimea. ... Yalta (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a city in Crimea, southern Ukraine, on the north coast of the Black Sea. ... Dzhankoy (Ukrainian and Russian: Ð”Ð¶Ð°Ð½ÐºÐ¾Ð¹, Crimean Tatar: CankÃ¶y) is a city in the north of the Crimea, Ukraine. ... Bakhchisaray (Crimean Tatar: BaÄŸÃ§asaray, Ukrainian: , Russian: ), a town in Central Crimea, centre of the Bakhchisaray raion (district), former capital of the Crimean Khanate. ... The Crimean Khanate or the Khanate of Crimea (Crimean Tatar: ; Russian: - Krymskoye khanstvo; Ukrainian: - Krymske khanstvo; Turkish: ) was a Crimean Tatar state from 1441 to 1783. ... Krasnoperekopsk (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: Krasnoperekopsk) is a city in Crimea, Ukraine which is located on the southern part of the Perekop Isthmus, on the shore of the Stare lake, and about 124km from the Crimean capital, Simferopol. ... Balaklava (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a town in the Crimea, Ukraine which has an official status of a district of the city of Sevastopol. ... Alushta, called Aluston in the Byzantine Empire, is a resort town in the Crimea, situated on the Black Sea on the road from Gurzuf to Sudak. ...

Geography

Crimea is located on the northern coast of the Black Sea and on the western coast of the Sea of Azov, bordering Kherson Oblast from the North. Although located in southwestern part of the Crimean peninsula, the city of Sevastopol has a special municipality status within Ukraine. Crimea's total land area is 26,100 km². Image File history File links Crimeamap. ... Image File history File links Crimeamap. ... NASA satelite image of the Black Sea Map of the Black Sea The Black Sea is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Anatolia that is actually a distant arm of the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Mediterranean Sea. ... The shallow Sea of Azov is clearly distinguished from the deeper Black Sea. ... Kherson Oblast (Ð¥ÐµÑ€ÑÐ¾Ð½ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Khersonsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð¥ÐµÑ€ÑÐ¾Ð½Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Khersonshchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast of southern Ukraine, just north of Crimea. ... now. ... Ukraine is subdivided into 24 oblasts (Ukrainian singular: область, oblast; plural області, oblasti), one autonomous republic (автономна республіка, avtonomna respublika), and... km redirects here. ...

Crimea is connected to the mainland by the 5–7 kilometre (3–4 mile) wide Isthmus of Perekop. At the eastern tip is the Kerch Peninsula, which is directly opposite the Taman Peninsula on the Russian mainland. Between the Kerch and Taman peninsula lies the 3–13 km (2–9 mi) wide Strait of Kerch, which connects the Black Sea with the Sea of Azov. The Isthmus of Perekop is the narrow, three to four mile wide strip of land that connects the peninsula of Crimea to the rest of mainland Ukraine. ... The Cimmerian Bosphorus of antiquity, shown on a map printed in London, ca 1770 Landsat satellite photo Kerch Strait. ... 1. ... Kerch Strait. ...

The Crimean coastline is broken by several bays and harbors. These harbors lie on the west side of the Isthmus of Perekop by the Bay of Karkinit; on the southwest by the open Bay of Kalamita, with the ports of Eupatoria and Sevastopol; by the Bay of Arabat on the north side of the Isthmus of Yenikale or Kerch; and by the Bay of Caffa or Feodosiya, with the port of that name on the south side. The Isthmus of Perekop is the narrow, three to four mile wide strip of land that connects the peninsula of Crimea to the rest of mainland Ukraine. ... Also Eupatoria or Evpatoria; town in the Crimea. ... now. ... East of Crimea by the Azov Sea. ... Kerch (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: , Old East Slavic: ÐšÑŠÑ€Ñ‡ÐµÐ²ÑŠ) is a city (2001 pop 157,000) on the Kerch Peninsula of eastern Crimea, is an important industrial, transport and tourist centre of Ukraine. ... Feodosiya is a port and resort city in southern Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast of Crimea. ...

The southeast coast is flanked at a distance of 8–12 km (5–8 mi) from the sea by a parallel range of mountains, the Crimean Mountains (also known as Yayla Dağ and the Alpine Meadow mountains). These mountains are backed by secondary parallel ranges. Seventy-five percent of the remaining area of Crimea consists of semiarid prairie lands, a southward continuation of the Pontic steppes, which slope gently to the northwest from the foot of the Crimean Mountains. The main range of these mountains shoots up with extraordinary abruptness from the deep floor of the Black Sea to an altitude of 600 to 750 metres (2,000 to 2,500 feet), beginning at the southwest point of the peninsula, called Cape Fiolente. It was this cape that was supposedly crowned with the temple of Artemis, where Iphigeneia is said to have officiated as priestess. NASA satelite image of the Black Sea Map of the Black Sea The Black Sea is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Anatolia that is actually a distant arm of the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Mediterranean Sea. ... Balaklava (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a town in the Crimea, Ukraine which has an official status of a district of the city of Sevastopol. ... The Yayla Mountains or Crimean Mountains (Crimean Tatar: , Alpine Meadow mountains; Ukrainian: , translit. ... A steppe in Western Kazakhstan in early spring In physical geography, a steppe (Russian: - , Ukrainian: - , Kazakh: - ), pronounced in English as , is a plain without trees (apart from those near rivers and lakes); it is similar to a prairie, although a prairie is generally considered as being dominated by tall grasses... NASA satelite image of the Black Sea Map of the Black Sea The Black Sea is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Anatolia that is actually a distant arm of the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Mediterranean Sea. ... A peninsula in Croatia A peninsula (from the latin words paene insula, almost island) is a geographical landform consisting of an extension of a body of land from a larger body of land, surrounded by water on three sides. ... The Diana of Versailles, a Roman copy of a sculpture by Leochares (Louvre Museum) Artemis (Greek: nominative , genitive ) in Greek mythology the daughter of Zeus and of Leto and the twin sister of Apollo was one of the most widely venerated of the gods and manifestly one of the oldest... 112 Iphigenia is an asteroid. ...

Numerous kurgans, or burial mounds, of the ancient Scythians are scattered across the Crimean steppes. The Yayla Mountains or Crimean Mountains (Crimean Tatar: , Alpine Meadow mountains; Ukrainian: , translit. ... Sarmatian Kurgan 4th c. ... Alternate meanings of barrow: see Barrow_in_Furness for the town of Barrow in Cumbria, England; also Barrow, Alaska in the U.S.; also River Barrow in Ireland. ... Approximate extent of Scythia and Sarmatia in the 1st century BC (the orange background shows the spread of Eastern Iranian languages, among them Scytho-Sarmatian). ...

The terrain that lies beyond the sheltering Crimean Mountain range is of an altogether different character. Here, the narrow strip of coast and the slopes of the mountains are smothered with greenery. This "Russian Riviera" stretches along the southeast coast from Cape Sarych, in the extreme south, to Feodosiya, and is studded with summer sea-bathing resorts such as Alupka, Yalta, Gurzuf, Alushta, Sudak, and Feodosiya. During the years of Soviet rule, the resorts and dachas of this coast served as the prime perquisites of the politically loyal. In addition, vineyards and fruit orchards are located in the region. Fishing, mining, and the production of essential oils are also important. Numerous Crimean Tatar villages, mosques, monasteries, and palaces of the Russian imperial family and nobles are found here, as well as picturesque ancient Greek and medieval castles. Alupka (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a resort town in Crimea, Ukraine, situated 17 km to the west of Yalta. ... Yalta (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a city in Crimea, southern Ukraine, on the north coast of the Black Sea. ... Gurzuf (Russian:Гурзу́ф) is a settlement on the Crimea peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea. ... Alushta, called Aluston in the Byzantine Empire, is a resort town in the Crimea, situated on the Black Sea on the road from Gurzuf to Sudak. ... Sudak is city in the Crimea. ... Feodosiya is a port and resort city in southern Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast of Crimea. ... Motto: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐµÑ… ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½, ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑŒ! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) Translation: Workers of the world, unite!) Anthem: The Internationale (1922-1944) Hymn of the Soviet Union (1944-1991) Capital Moscow Language(s) Russian (the de facto official language), 14 other official languages Government Socialist republic Leaders - 1922-1924 Vladimir Lenin - 1924-1953 Joseph Stalin... Dacha of Boris Pasternak in Peredelkino. ... For Crimean Tatar ethos see Crimean Tatars For Crimean Tatar language and alphabet see Crimean Tatar language ... The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca as it exists today A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... Monastery of St. ... The quintessential medieval European palace: Palais de la CitÃ©, in Paris, the royal palace of France. ...

Economy

The main branches of the Crimean economy are tourism and agriculture. Industrial plants are situated for the most part in the northern regions of the republic. Important industrial cities include Dzhankoy, housing a major railway connection, and Krasnoperekopsk, among others. Dzhankoy (Ukrainian and Russian: Ð”Ð¶Ð°Ð½ÐºÐ¾Ð¹, Crimean Tatar: CankÃ¶y) is a city in the north of the Crimea, Ukraine. ... Krasnoperekopsk (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: Krasnoperekopsk) is a city in Crimea, Ukraine which is located on the southern part of the Perekop Isthmus, on the shore of the Stare lake, and about 124km from the Crimean capital, Simferopol. ...

The most important industries in Crimea include, food production, chemical fields, mechanical engineering and metal working, and fuel production industries.^[5] Sixty percent of the industry market belongs to food production. There are a total of 291 large industrial enterprises and 1002 small business enterprises.^[5]

The main branches of vegetation production in the region include cereals, vegetable-growing, gardening, and wine-making, particularly in the Yalta and Massandra regions. Other agricultural forms include cattle breeding, poultry keeping, and sheep breeding.^[5] This article is about cereals in general. ... Location of Ukraine The wine industry of Ukraine is well-established with long traditions. ... Yalta (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a city in Crimea, southern Ukraine, on the north coast of the Black Sea. ... Massandra (Ukrainian: ÐœÐ°ÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ€Ð°, Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a townlet in the Yalta region of Crimea. ...

Transport

Every settlement in Crimea is connected with another settlement with bus lines. Crimea contains the longest (96 km) trolleybus route in the world, stretching from Simferopol to Yalta.^[7] The trolleybus line starts in near Simferopol's Airport through the mountains to Alushta and on to Yalta. Krymtrolleybus: Å koda 9Tr n. ... Simferopol International Airport (Ukrainian: ; Russian: ) (IATA: SIP, ICAO: UKFF) is airport in Simferopol, Ukraine. ... Alushta, called Aluston in the Byzantine Empire, is a resort town in the Crimea, situated on the Black Sea on the road from Gurzuf to Sudak. ... Yalta (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a city in Crimea, southern Ukraine, on the north coast of the Black Sea. ...

The cities of Yalta, Feodosiya, Kerch, Sevastopol, Chornomorske, and Eupatoria are connected to one another by sea routes. In the cities of Eupatoria and nearby townlet Molochne are tram systems. Railroad lines running through Crimea include Armyansk—Kerch (with a link to Feodosiya), and Melitopol—Sevastopol (with a link to Eupatoria), connecting Crimea to the Ukrainian mainland. Å koda can refer to: Å koda Auto - the leading automobile manufacturer in the Czech Republic, now part of the Volkswagen Group Å koda Works - the biggest industrial enterprise in Austria-Hungary, then Czechoslovakia and now Czech Republic Pity As an interesting aside, Å koda (i. ... Krymtrolleybus: Å koda 9Tr n. ... Feodosiya is a port and resort city in southern Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast of Crimea. ... Kerch (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Crimean Tatar: , Old East Slavic: ÐšÑŠÑ€Ñ‡ÐµÐ²ÑŠ) is a city (2001 pop 157,000) on the Kerch Peninsula of eastern Crimea, is an important industrial, transport and tourist centre of Ukraine. ... now. ... Also Eupatoria or Evpatoria; town in the Crimea. ... Urban-type settlement (Russian: , posyolok gorodskogo tipa; Ukrainian: , selyshche miskoho typu; abbreviated as in Russian and as in Ukrainian) is an official designation for a certain type of urban settlements used in some of the countries of the former Soviet Union. ... A CLRV Streetcar in the City of Toronto. ... This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ... Armyansk (Ukrainian: ÐÑ€Ð¼ÑÐ½ÑÑŒÐº, Russian: , Crimean Tatar: ) is a town in northern Crimea, Ukraine. ... Melitopol (Ukrainian: , translit. ...

Demographics

According to 2001 Ukrainian Census, the population of Crimea was 2,033,700.^[8] The nationality structure was comprised the following self-reported ethnic groups: Russians – 58.32%, Ukrainians – 24.32%, Crimean Tatars – 12.1%, Belarusians - 1.44%, Tatars – 0.54%, Armenians – 0.43%, and Jews – 0.22%.^[9] The first Ukrainian Census after the dissolution of the Soviet Union was carried out by State Statistics Committee of Ukraine on December 5, 2001, twelve years after the last All-Union census in 1989. ... The Crimean Tatars (sg. ... KÃ¼ltigin Monument where first mention of Tatar people is inscribed Tatars (Tatar: Tatarlar/Ð¢Ð°Ñ‚Ð°Ñ€Ð»Ð°Ñ€), sometimes spelled Tartar (more about the name), is a collective name applied to the Turkic speaking people of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. ...

Other minorities are Black Sea Germans, Roma people, Poles, Azerbaijanis, Koreans and Greeks. The Black Sea Germans (German: Schwarzmeerdeutsche) are ethnic Germans who left their homeland in the 18th and 19th centuries, and settled in territories of the northern bank of the Black Sea, mostly in southern Russia. ... Tzigane redirects here; for the composition by Maurice Ravel, see Tzigane (Ravel). ...

Even though the Ukrainian language is the single official state language countrywide, and is therefore the sole language of government elsewhere in Ukraine, this does not apply in Crimea, where government business is still carried out in Russian. Limited attempts to expand the usage of Ukrainian in education and government affairs have so far been less successful in Crimea than in other largely Russophone areas of the nation. Another language widely spoken is Crimean Tatar. According to the census mentioned, 77% of Crimean inhabitants named Russian as their mother tongue, 11.4% – Crimean Tatar, and 10.1% – Ukrainian.^[10] Ukrainian (ÑƒÐºÑ€Ð°Ñ—ÌÐ½ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¼Ð¾ÌÐ²Ð°, ukrayinska mova, ) is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. ... An official language is a language that is given a unique legal status in a country, state, or other territory. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Look up Russophone in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Crimean Tatar language (QÄ±rÄ±mtatar tili, QÄ±rÄ±mtatarca), also known as Crimean (QÄ±rÄ±m tili, QÄ±rÄ±mca) and Crimean Turkish (QÄ±rÄ±m TÃ¼rkÃ§esi) is the language of the Crimean Tatars. ...

See also

The Crimean Tatars (sg. ... The Krymchaks (sg. ... Karaite Judaism is a Jewish denomination characterized by reliance on the Tanakh as the sole scripture, and rejection of the Oral Law (the Mishnah and the Talmuds) as halakha (Legally Binding, i. ... The least-powerful, least-known, and paradoxically longest-lived Gothic communities were those that remained in the lands around the Black Sea, especially in the Crimea. ... Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689 (Крымские походы in Russian), military campaigns of the Russian army against the Crimean Khanate. ... Combatants Allies: Second French Empire United Kingdom Ottoman Empire Kingdom of Sardinia Russian Empire Bulgarian volunteers Casualties 90,000 French 35,000 Turkish 17,500 British 2,050 Sardinian killed, wounded and died of disease 256,000 killed, wounded and died of disease The Crimean War (1854â€“1856) was fought... Black Sea Fleet sleeve ensign The Black Sea Fleet (Russian: Ð§ÐµÑ€Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ñ€ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ñ„Ð»Ð¾Ñ‚) is a large sub-unit of the Russian (and formerly Soviet) Navy, operating in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea since the early 18th century. ... Arteks logo since 1990s Artek (Russian: ÐÑ€Ñ‚ÐµÌÐº) was the All-Union and international Young Pioneer camp in the Soviet Union. ...

Trivia

Eliwood, Hector and Lyn from Fire Emblem (Game Boy Advance), the first Fire Emblem to be released internationally. ... P.D.Q. Bach is the pseudonym under which Professor Peter Schickele has written a substantial body of satirical music, recorded on nearly twenty compact discs on the Vanguard and Telarc labels. ... Peter Schickele (born Johann Peter Schickele, July 17, 1935) is an American composer, musical educator and parodist, perhaps best known for his comedy music albums featuring music he wrote as P. D. Q. Bach. ...

Footnotes and references

Image File history File links Portal. ... Verkhovna Rada. ... EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica, the 11th edition The EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910â€“1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

External links

v • d • e

Dependent, autonomous, and other territories of Europe

Dependent territories and autonomous regions
Adjara¹, Georgia · Åland, Finland · Akrotiri and Dhekelia¹, UK · Aosta Valley, Italy · Azores, Portugal · Crimea, Ukraine · Faroe Islands, Denmark · Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy · Gagauzia, Moldova · Gibraltar, UK · Greenland¹, Denmark · Guernsey, UK · Isle of Man, UK · Jersey, UK · Madeira¹, Portugal · Mount Athos, Greece · Nakhichevan¹, Azerbaijan · Sardinia, Italy · Sicily, Italy · Trentino-South Tyrol, Italy · Vojvodina, Serbia Image File history File links Coat_of_arms_of_Ukraine. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ukraine. ... Ukraine is subdivided into 24 oblasts (Ukrainian singular: Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, oblast; plural Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚Ñ–, oblasti), one autonomous republic (Ð°Ð²Ñ‚Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ð° Ñ€ÐµÑÐ¿ÑƒÐ±Ð»Ñ–ÐºÐ°, avtonomna respublika), and two cities with special status (singular Ð¼Ñ–ÑÑ‚Ð¾ Ð·Ñ– ÑÐ¿ÐµÑ†Ñ–Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¸Ð¼ ÑÑ‚Ð°Ñ‚ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð¼, misto zi spetsialnym statusom). ... Cherkasy Oblast (Ukrainian: Ð§ÐµÑ€ÐºÐ°ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Cherkasâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð§ÐµÑ€ÐºÐ°Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Cherkashchyna) is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine located along the Dnieper River. ... Chernihiv Oblast (Ð§ÐµÑ€Ð½Ñ–Ð³Ñ–Ð²ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Chernihivsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð§ÐµÑ€Ð½Ñ–Ð³Ñ–Ð²Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Chernihivshchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast (province) of northern Ukraine. ... Administrative center Chernivtsi Governor Volodymyr Kalish (?) Oblast council - Chairperson - Council seats ? (?) ? Subdivisions - Raions - Cities of oblast subordinance - Cities -Towns - Villages 11 2 11 8 398 Area Total - Land - Water (% of total) Ranked 24th 8,097 kmÂ² ? kmÂ² ? kmÂ² (?%) Population - Total (2006) - Density - Annual Growth Ranked ? 904,423 113/kmÂ² ?% Average... Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Ukrainian: , Dnipropetrovsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð”Ð½Ñ–Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Dnipropetrovshchyna) is an oblast of central Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country. ... COA of the Donetsk Oblast Donetsk Oblast (Ukrainian: Ð”Ð¾Ð½ÐµÑ†ÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Donetsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð”Ð¾Ð½ÐµÑ‡Ñ‡Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Donechchyna) is an oblast (province) of eastern Ukraine. ... Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (Ð†Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¾-Ð¤Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ–Ð²ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Ivano-Frankivsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð†Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¾-Ð¤Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ–Ð²Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Ivano-Frankivshchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast of Ukraine. ... Kharkiv Oblast (Харківська область, Kharkivs’ka oblast’ or Харківщина, Kharkivshchyna in Ukrainian; Харьковская &#1086... Kherson Oblast (Ð¥ÐµÑ€ÑÐ¾Ð½ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Khersonsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð¥ÐµÑ€ÑÐ¾Ð½Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Khersonshchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast of southern Ukraine, just north of Crimea. ... Khmelnytskyi Oblast (Ð¥Ð¼ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¸Ñ†ÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Khmelâ€™nytsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð¥Ð¼ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¸Ñ‡Ñ‡Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Khmelnychchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast (province) of western Ukraine. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Kiev highlighted. ... Kiev Oblast (also Kyiv Oblast, Ukrainian: ) is an oblast (province) in central Ukraine. ... Kirovohrad Oblast (ÐšÑ–Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð´ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Kirovohradsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or ÐšÑ–Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð´Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Kirovohradshchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast (province) of Ukraine. ... Luhansk Oblast (Ukrainian: , Luhansâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð›ÑƒÐ³Ð°Ð½Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Luhanshchyna; Russian: , Luganskaya oblast) is the easternmost oblast (province) of Ukraine. ... Lviv Oblast is an oblast of western Ukraine, created on December 4, 1939. ... Mykolayiv Oblast (ÐœÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð°Ñ—Ð²ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Mykolaivsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or ÐœÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð°Ñ—Ð²Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Mykolaivshchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast of Ukraine. ... Odessa Oblast (Ukrainian: ÐžÐ´ÐµÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Odesâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or ÐžÐ´ÐµÑ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Odeshchyna) is an oblast of south-western Ukraine. ... Poltava Oblast (ÐŸÐ¾Ð»Ñ‚Ð°Ð²ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Poltavsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or ÐŸÐ¾Ð»Ñ‚Ð°Ð²Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Poltavshchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine. ... Rivne Oblast (Ð Ñ–Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Rivnensâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð Ñ–Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Rivnenshchyna in Ukrainian; Rowno in Polish) is an oblast (province) of Ukraine. ... now. ... Sumy Oblast (Ð¡ÑƒÐ¼ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Sumsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð¡ÑƒÐ¼Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Sumshchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast (province) in the north-east of Ukraine. ... Ternopil Oblast (Ð¢ÐµÑ€Ð½Ð¾Ð¿Ñ–Ð»ÑŒÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Ternopilâ€™sâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð¢ÐµÑ€Ð½Ð¾Ð¿Ñ–Ð»ÑŒÑ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Ternopilâ€™shchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast (province) of Ukraine. ... Vinnytsia Oblast (Ukrainian: ) is an oblast of Ukraine. ... Volyn Oblast (Ð’Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð½ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Volynsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð’Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð½ÑŒ/ Ð’Ð¾Ð»Ñ‹Ð½ÑŒ, Volynâ€™ in Ukrainian and Russian respectevely). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Zaporizhia Oblast (Ð—Ð°Ð¿Ð¾Ñ€Ñ–Ð·ÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Zaporizka oblastâ€™ or Ð—Ð°Ð¿Ð¾Ñ€Ñ–Ð¶Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Zaporizhchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast (province) of southern Ukraine. ... Flag of Zhytomyr Oblast Coat of Arms of Zhyomyr Oblast Zhytomyr Oblast (Ð–Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ñ€ÑÑŒÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑŒ, Zhytomyrsâ€™ka oblastâ€™ or Ð–Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ñ€Ñ‰Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Zhytomyrshchyna in Ukrainian) is an oblast (province) of northern Ukraine. ... As of January 1, 2006 there are 457 cities (Ukrainian: Ð¼iÑÑ‚Ð¾, misto) in Ukraine. ... Cherkasy (Ukrainian Ð§ÐµÑ€ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸, Rus. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Chernihiv highlighted. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Chernivtsi highlighted. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Dnipropetrovsk highlighted. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Donetsk highlighted. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Ivano-Frankivsk highlighted. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Kharkiv highlighted. ... Kherson (Ukrainian and Russian Ð¥ÐµÑ€ÑÐ¾Ð½) is a city in southern Ukraine, the capital of Kherson Oblast, with 303,900 inhabitants (2004). ... Location Map of Ukraine with Khmelnytskyi. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Kiev highlighted. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Kirovohrad highlighted. ... Lugansk (Ukrainian: Ð›ÑƒÐ³Ð°Ð½ÑÑŒÐº, Luhansk; Russian: Ð›ÑƒÐ³Ð°ÌÐ½ÑÐº, Lugansk) is a city in southeastern Ukraine. ... Lutsk (Ukrainian: Ð›ÑƒÑ†ÑŒÐº) is the capital of the Volyn Oblast, Ukraine. ... Motto: Semper fidelis Location Map of Ukraine with Lviv. ... Mykolaiv or Mykolayiv (Ukrainian: ), also known by its Russian name (Nikolaev or Nikolayev) is a city in Southern Ukraine with the population of 514,000 (2001 estimation). ... For other uses, see Odessa (disambiguation). ... Poltava (Ukrainian: ÐŸÐ¾Ð»Ñ‚Ð°ÌÐ²Ð°) is a city and oblast center in Poltava Oblast in central Ukraine with some 313,400 inhabitants (2004). ... Rivne (Ukrainian: , Russian: , translit. ... now. ... Simferopol (Ukrainian: ; Russian: ; Crimean Tatar: ) is the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine. ... Sumy is a town in the Ukraine Sumy region. ... Ternopil (Ukrainian: , translit. ... Motto: Oblast Zakarpattia Oblast Mayor Serhiy Ratushnyak Area 31. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Vinnytsia highlighted. ... For other uses, see Zaporizhia (disambiguation). ... Zhytomyr (Ukrainian, Russian Ð–Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ñ€, Polish: Å»ytomierz) is the capital of the Zhytomyrska oblast in Ukraine. ... A dependent territory, dependent area or dependency is a territory that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a State. ... An autonomous area is an area of a country that has a degree of autonomy. ... Several of the worlds geo-political entities lack general international recognition, but wish to be recognized as sovereign states. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ... A dependent territory, dependent area or dependency is a territory that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a State. ... An autonomous area is an area of a country that has a degree of autonomy. ... Official language Georgian Capital Batumi ISO code GE.AJ Head of the Government Levan Varshalomidze Area - Total - % water 2,900 kmÂ² n/a Population - Total (1989) - Density 392,432 135. ... Motto: none Anthem: Ã…lÃ¤nningens sÃ¥ng Capital (and largest city) Mariehamn Swedish Government Autonomous province - Governor Peter LindbÃ¤ck1 - Premier Roger Nordlund Autonomy - Declared 1920 - Recognized 19212 Accession to EU January 1, 19953 Area - Total 13,517 kmÂ² (n/a) 5,267 sq mi - Water (%) 89 Population - 2005 estimate... Anthem: God Save the Queen Capital Episkopi Cantonment Official languages English Government Sovereign Base Areas - Administrator Richard Lacey British overseas territory - Established 1960 Area - Total 254 kmÂ² 98 sq mi Population - Density n/a/kmÂ² (n/a) n/a/sq mi Currency Cypriot pound (CYP) Time zone EET (UTC+2... The Aosta Valley (in Italian: Valle dAosta, French: Val dAoste or rarely VallÃ©e dAoste, Arpitan: Val dOuta) is a mountainous Region in north-western Italy. ... Motto: Antes morrer livres que em paz sujeitos (Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem: A Portuguesa (national) Hino dos AÃ§ores (local) Capital Ponta Delgada (Presidency of the Regional Government) Angra do HeroÃsmo (Supreme Court)1 Horta (Legislative Assembly)2 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Capital Comrat Largest city Comrat Official languages Gagauz, Moldovan and Russian Government Governor Chairman of People Assembly Autonomous region of Moldova Gheorghi Tabunshik Stepan Esir Surface 1,832 kmÂ² 707 miÂ² Population 155,700 (2006) [1] Density 85/kmÂ² Creation April 23, 1994 Anthem Gagauziya Milli MarÅŸÄ± State religion Eastern... Motto: Das ilhas, as mais belas e livres (Of all islands, the most beautiful and free) Anthem: A Portuguesa (national) Hino da RegiÃ£o AutÃ³noma da Madeira (local) Capital (and largest city) Funchal Official languages Portuguese Government Autonomous region - President Alberto JoÃ£o Jardim Independence - Settled 1420 - Autonomy July... Capital Karyes Languages Koine Greek, Church Slavonic (both liturgical), as well as Modern Greek, Russian, Serbian, Georgian, Bulgarian, Romanian (civil) Head of State Greek Minister of For. ... The Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic (Azerbaijani: NaxÃ§Ä±van Muxtar RespublikasÄ±, Armenian: Õ†Õ¡ÕÕ«Õ»Ö‡Õ¡Õ¶Õ« Ô»Õ¶Ö„Õ¶Õ¡Õ¾Õ¡Ö€ Õ€Õ¡Õ¶Ö€Õ¡ÕºÕ¥Õ¿Õ¸Ö‚Õ©ÕµÕ¸Ö‚Õ¶, Russian: ÐÐ°Ñ…Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÐ²Ð°Ð½ÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÐÐ²Ñ‚Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð ÐµÑÐ¿ÑƒÐ±Ð»Ð¸ÐºÐ°, Persian:Ø¬Ù…Ù‡ÙˆØ±ÛŒ Ø®ÙˆØ¯Ù…Ø®ØªØ§Ø± Ù†Ø®Ø¬ÙˆØ§Ù†, Turkish: NahÃ§Ä±van Ã–zerk Cumhuriyeti), known simply as Nakhichevan, is a landlocked exclave of Azerbaijan. ... Sardinia (pronounced ; Italian: Sardegna; Sardinian: Sardigna or Sardinna) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily). ... Sicily (Sicilia in Italian and Sicilian) is an autonomous region of Italy and the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, with an area of 25,708 kmÂ² (9,926 sq. ... Trentino-South Tyrol (Italian: Trentino-Alto Adige, German and Ladin: Trentino-SÃ¼dtirol, official: Trentino-Alto Adige/SÃ¼dtirol) is an autonomous Region in Northern Italy. ... Republic of Serbia â€“Vojvodina â€“Kosovo (UN admin. ... Anthem: Capital (and largest city) Belgrade Official languages Serbian written with the Cyrillic alphabet1 Government Republic - President Boris TadiÄ‡ - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment - Formation 8th century - Independence c. ...

Unrecognized republics
Abkhazia, Georgia · Nagorno-Karabakh, Azerbaijan¹ · South Ossetia, Georgia · Transnistria, Moldova · Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Cyprus^1, 3 Several of the worlds geo-political entities lack general international recognition, but wish to be recognized as sovereign states. ... National anthem Aiaaira Official languages Abkhaz, with Russian having co-official status and widespread use by government and other institutions Political status De facto independent Capital Sukhumi Capitals coordinates President Sergei Bagapsh Prime Minister Alexander Ankvab Independence â€“ Declared â€“ Recognition From Georgia 23 July 1992 none Currency Russian ruble Official... Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijani: Dağlıq Qarabağ or Yuxarı Qarabağ, literally mountainous black garden or upper black garden; Russian: Нагорный Карабах, translit. ... National anthem Unknown Official languages Ossetian, with Russian having and widespread use by government and other institutions Political status De facto independent Capital Tskhinvali Capitals coordinates 42Â°14â€²N 43Â°58â€²E President Eduard Djabeevich Kokoity Prime Minister Yury Morozov Independence â€“ Declared â€“ Recognition From Georgia 1991-11-28 none... For the region during the Second World War, see Transnistria (Soviet region). ... Anthem: Ä°stiklÃ¢l MarÅŸÄ± (Turkish) Independence March Capital LefkoÅŸa (Nicosia) Official languages Turkish Government Representative democratic republic[1] - President Mehmet Ali Talat - Prime Minister Ferdi Sabit Soyer Sovereignty from Republic of Cyprus (de facto) - Proclaimed November 15, 1983 - Recognition Only by Turkey and OIC Area - Total 3,355 km...

Territory administered by the United Nations
Kosovo, Serbia The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ... Kosovo (Serbian: ÐšÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾ Ð¸ ÐœÐµÑ‚Ð¾Ñ…Ð¸Ñ˜Ð° or Kosovo i Metohija, also ÐšÐ¾ÑÐ¼ÐµÑ‚ or Kosmet; Albanian: KosovÃ« or Kosova) is a province in southern Serbia which has been under United Nations administration since 1999. ... Anthem: Capital (and largest city) Belgrade Official languages Serbian written with the Cyrillic alphabet1 Government Republic - President Boris TadiÄ‡ - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment - Formation 8th century - Independence c. ...

¹ Entirely on another continent but having sociopolitical connections with Europe. ² Includes significant territory in Asia. ³ Only recognized by Turkey. A transcontinental country is a country belonging to more than one continent. ...

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Etymology of the name GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");