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Ethiopia's population is highly diverse. Most of its people speak a Semitic or Cushitic language. The Oromo, Amhara, and Tigrayans make up more than three-fourths of the population, but there are more than 80 different ethnic groups within Ethiopia. Some of these have as few as 10,000 members. In general, most of the Christians live in the highlands, while Muslims and adherents of traditional African religions tend to inhabit lowland regions. English is the most widely spoken foreign language and is taught in all secondary schools. Amharic was the language of primary school instruction but has been replaced in many areas by local languages such as Oromifa and Tigrinya. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (720x1046, 67 KB) This image was originally posted to Flickr as Ethiopia 3. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (720x1046, 67 KB) This image was originally posted to Flickr as Ethiopia 3. ...
14th century BC diplomatic letter in Akkadian, found in Tell Amarna. ...
The Cushitic languages are a subgroup of the Afro-Asiatic languages, named after the Biblical figure Cush by analogy with Semitic. ...
For the language, see Oromo language. ...
Amhara (አማራ) is an ethnic group in the central highlands of Ethiopia, numbering about 21 million, making up around 30% of the countrys population (estimates differ). ...
The Tigray-Tigrinya are an ethnic group who live in Eritrea and the northern highlands of Ethiopias Tigray province. ...
Not to be confused with the Aramaic language. ...
The Oromo language is an Afro-Asiatic language, and the most widely spoken of the Cushitic sub-phylum. ...
Tigrigna (or ትግሪኛ) is a Semitic language spoken in Eritrea, where it is the official language, and in parts of Ethiopia and Israel. ...
[edit] Current demographic data
[edit] Population CIA est. (2006): 74,777,981[1]
CSA est. (2005): 75,067,000[2]
UN est. (2005): 77,431,000[3] The World Factbook 2007 (government edition) cover. ...
The Central Statistical Agency (CSA; Amh. ...
The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ...
note: The latest census for which figures are available was performed in 1994; this figure is the July 2006 estimate, which take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected. For other uses, see AIDS (disambiguation). ...
[edit] Age structure 0-14 years: 43.7% (male 16,373,718; female 16,280,766)
15-64 years: 53.6% (male 19,999,482; female 20,077,014)
65 years and over: 2.7% (male 929,349; female 1,117,652) (2006 est.)
[edit] Population growth rate 2.31% (2006 est.)
[edit] Birth rate 37.98 births population (2006 est.)
[edit] Death rate 14.86 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
[edit] Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
note: repatriation of Ethiopians who fled to Sudan for refuge from war and famine in earlier years is expected to continue for several years; small numbers of Sudanese and Somali refugees, who fled to Ethiopia from the fighting or famine in their own countries, est.)
[edit] Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female
total population: 1 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
[edit] Infant mortality rate 93.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
[edit] Life expectancy at birth total population: 49.03 years
male: 47.86 years
female: 50.24 years (2006 est.)
[edit] Total fertility rate 5.22 children born/woman (2006 est.)
[edit] Nationality noun: Ethiopian(s)
adjective: Ethiopian
[edit] Ethnic groups Oromo 32.1%, Amhara 30.2%, Tigray 6.2%, Somali 6.0%, Gurage 4.3%, Sidama 3.4%, Wolayta 2%, Afar 2%, Hadiya 2%, Gamo 1%. (smaller groups are listed at Category:Ethnic groups in Ethiopia)[4][5] For the language, see Oromo language. ...
Amhara (አማራ) is an ethnic group in the central highlands of Ethiopia, numbering about 21 million, making up around 30% of the countrys population (estimates differ). ...
The Tigray-Tigrinya are an ethnic group who live in Eritrea and the northern highlands of Ethiopias Tigray province. ...
Gurage is an ethnic group in Ethiopia. ...
The Sidama are a tribal people in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region (SNNPR) of Ethiopia. ...
Welayta (ወላá‹á‰³, also Wolayta, Wolaita, Walayta, etc. ...
Afar (or Danakil) are a tribal people who reside principally in the Danakil Desert in the Afar Region of Ethiopia and in Eritrea and Djibouti. ...
Hadiya (Gudela) was a powerful vassal kingdom of Ethiopia, located in southwestern Ethiopia, south of the Abbay River and west of Shewa. ...
Gamo is an Airgun manufacturer. ...
[edit] Religions Christian 61.6% (Ethiopian Orthodox 50.6%, Protestant 10.1% (P'ent'ay and Ethiopian Orthodox Tehadeso Church), Catholic 0.9%), Muslim 32.8%, Traditional 5.6%.[4] Small Ethiopian Jewish community, although most have migrated to Israel. For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ...
The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido Church is an Oriental Orthodox church in Ethiopia that was part of the Coptic Church until it was granted its own Patriarch by Cyril VI, the Coptic Pope, in 1959. ...
Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ...
Pentay or Pentay (Amharic- á”ንጤ) is a slang term widely used in modern Ethiopia, and among Ethiopians living abroad, to describe Ethiopian Christians who are not members of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo, Ethiopian Orthodox Tehadeso, Roman Catholic or Ethiopian Catholic churches. ...
According to its followers, The Ethiopian Orthodox Tehadeso Church stands to preserve the countrys orthodox traditions while believing in the full Gospel of the scripture. ...
Ethiopian Muslims are adherents of the Sunni branch of Islam. ...
African traditional women and male priests, Togo, West Africa, 2006. ...
The Beta Israel (Geez ቤተᡠእስራኤሠBÄ“ta IsrÄÄ“l, modern BÄ“te IsrÄÄ“l; ‎), also known by the term Falasha (Amharic for Exiles or Strangers, as they were called by non-Jewish Ethiopians — a term that is considered pejorative) are Jews of Ethiopian origin. ...
[edit] Languages Amharic 32.7% (as a first language), Oromigna 31.6%, Tigrinya 6.1%, Somali 6.0%, Guragigna 3.5%, Sidamo 3.5%, other local languages; Arabic, English (major foreign language taught in schools).[4] Note: This article contains special characters. ...
Oromo, also known as Afaan Oromoo, Oromiffa(a), and sometimes in other languages as variant spellings of these names (Oromigna, Afan Oromo, etc. ...
Tigrinya (Geez ትáŒáˆáŠ› tigriññÄ, also spelled Tigrigna) is a Semitic language spoken by the Tigray-Tigrinya people in central Eritrea (there referred to as the Tigrinya people), where it is one of the main working languages (Eritrea does not have official languages), and in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia (whose...
Gurage is an ethnic group in Ethiopia. ...
The Sidamo languages are part of the Afro-Asiatic languages, belonging to the Cushitic sub-phylum. ...
“Arabic†redirects here. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
[edit] Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 42.7%
male: 50.3%
female: 35.1% (2003 est.)
[edit] Genetic studies Most Y-chromosome haplotypes in Ethiopia are of E3b or one of its derivatives. It is extant in its highest level among the Oromo, where it represents 79.5% of the haplotypes, and it is also found at 45.8% among the Amhara. The haplogroup is thought to have originated in Ethiopia or elsewhere in the Horn of Africa, and it mostly characterized by E3b1 (M78). The haplogroup J is also found in high numbers in the Amhara and Tigray people. The haplogroup is characterised by the mutation 12f2a, and is thought to have originated and spread from the sub-Saharan Africa-linked Natufian culture.[6] It is found at levels of about 35% among the Amhara, of which about 33% is of the type J-M267 while 2% is of the type J-M172, with only a small percentage representing admixture due to recent and historic migrations (those containing the motif YCAIIa22-YCAIIb22 which may represent a clade that originated in Western Asia).[7] A haplotype is the genetic constitution of an individual chromosome. ...
In human genetics, Haplogroup E3b (M35) (previously called Hg21) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup with a distribution spreading from Africa around the Mediterranean into Europe and the Middle East. ...
For the language, see Oromo language. ...
Amhara (አማራ) is an ethnic group in the central highlands of Ethiopia, numbering about 21 million, making up around 30% of the countrys population (estimates differ). ...
The Horn of Africa. ...
In human genetics, Haplogroup J (previously known as HG9 or Eu9/Eu10) is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. ...
The Tigray-Tigrinya are an ethnic group who live in Eritrea and the northern highlands of Ethiopias Tigray province. ...
A political map showing national divisions in relation to the ecological break (Sub-Saharan Africa in green) A geographical map of Africa, showing the ecological break that defines the sub-Saharan area Sub-Saharan Africa is the term used to describe the area of the African continent which lies south...
The Natufian culture existed in the Mediterranean region of the Levant. ...
A clade is a term belonging to the discipline of cladistics. ...
[edit] References This article contains material from the CIA World Factbook (2006 edition) which, as a US government publication, is in the public domain. The World Factbook 2007 (government edition) cover. ...
The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...
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