Taiwan's population was estimated in July 2006 at 23,036,087 ^[1] spread across a total land area of 35,980 km², making it the twelfth most densely populated country in the world with a population density of 886 people per km². According to official governmental statistics, 15% of Taiwan's population is made up of Han Chinese, while 85% are Taiwanese aborigines. Half the population are followers of one or a mixture of 25 recognized religions. Around 93% of the religious population are followers of a mixture of Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism, while a minority 4.5% are followers of Christianity. Taiwan is suffering from a decline in birth rates with a population growth of just 0.61% and a fertility rate of 1.57 children (below the 2.1 births average needed to replace the existing population) for the year 2006. The official national language is Mandarin, although a majority also speak Taiwanese (variant of Min Nan; a Fujian dialect) and Hakka. Japanese speakers are becoming rare as the elderly generation who lived under Japanese rule are dying out. Aboriginal languages are gradually becoming extinct as the aborigines have become sinicized despite a program by the ROC government to preserve the languages. Population density by country, 2006 List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. ... Languages Chinese languages, Indian languages, Hebrew Religions Predominantly Taoism, Mahayana Buddhism, traditional Chinese religions, and atheism. ... Total population 2006: 458,000 (CIP 2006) 2004: 454,600 (CIP 2004) Homelands in Taiwan Mountainous terrain running in five ranges from the northern to the southern tip of the island Narrow eastern plains Orchid Island (Lán YÇ”) Languages 14 living Formosan languages. ... A wide diversity of religions can be found on Taiwan, due to its multicultural history, and religious freedom written in the constitution. ... Buddhism is a dharmic, non-theistic religion and a philosophy. ... It has been suggested that Taoist doctrine be merged into this article or section. ... Confucian temple in Jiading district, Shanghai. ... Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... In demography population decline is a temporal reduction in a regions census. ... The (total) fertility rate of a population is the average number of child births per woman. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Taiwanese Mandarin (Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: Táiwān GuóyÅ­; also 台灣華語, Táiwān HuáyÅ­) is the dialect of Mandarin Chinese spoken on Taiwan. ... Taiwanese (pe̍h-oÄ“-jÄ«: Tâi-oân-oÄ“ or Tâi-gí; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: TáiyÇ”, Táiwānhuà) is a dialect of Min Nan Chinese spoken by about 70% of Taiwans population. ... Mǐn N n (Chinese: 閩南語), also spelt as Minnan or Min-nan; native name B ; literally means Southern Min or Southern Fujian and refers to the local language/dialect of southern Fujian province, China. ...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal map spelling: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Hakka (Simplified Chinese: 客家话, Traditional Chinese: 客家話, Hakka: Hak-ka-fa/-va, pinyin: Kèjiāhuà) is a Chinese dialect/language spoken predominantly in southern China by the Hakka ethnic group and descendants in diaspora throughout East and Southeast Asia and around the world. ... The Japanese colonial period, Japanese rule or the Japanese occupation[1], in the context of Taiwans history, refers to the period between 1895 and 1945 during which Taiwan was a Japanese colony. ... Sinicization, or less commonly Sinification, is to make things Chinese. ...

Nationality

Main article: Political status of Taiwan

The people of Taiwan are officially Chinese citizens under the ROC government and the majority of the population are of at least partial ethnic Chinese descent from the adjacent Fujian province in mainland China. Despite this, there is a tendency for citizens to identify themselves as Taiwanese (臺灣人 Táiwānrén) to clarify that they not a citizen of the People's Republic of China (PRC) (大陸人 Dālùrén; "mainlander/people from the continent"). Taiwan Strait area The controversy regarding the political status of Taiwan hinges on whether Taiwan, including the Pescadores (Penghu), should remain the effective territory of the Republic of China (ROC), become unified with the territories now governed by the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), or become the Republic of... Chinese citizen can refer to citizens of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC/China); the Nationality Law of the Peoples Republic of China which regulates citizenship in the Peoples Republic of China; citizens of the Republic of China (ROC/Taiwan). ...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal map spelling: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ... ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ...

Ethnic groups

Main article: List of ethnic groups in Taiwan

Overview: Taiwanese 83% (including Hoklo 70% and Hakka 14% [both mixed-Chinese-aborigine blood]) 15% mainland Chinese, aborigine 2% (12 recognized tribes)

Officially, the population of Taiwan consist only of 15% recent immigrantsHan Chinese, 84% Taiwanese [descendants of Taiwanese aborigines who were colonized by the Manchus during the Qing Dynasty]. The remainder 2% are aborigines (less than 500,000). A confounding factor is intermarriage between ethnic group, including aborigine groups. The Republic of China (ROC) government in Taiwan officially recognizes 13 of these groups. ... Distribution of Han Chinese and other ethnolinguistic groups in China The term Chinese people may refer to any of the following: A person who resides in and holds citizenship of the Peoples Republic of China (including Hong Kong and Macau) or the Republic of China. ...

Aborigine

Main article: Taiwanese aborigines

The total population of aborigines was estimated in May 2006 to be 468,602 which is about 2% of the total population of Taiwan. The aborigines inhabit the eastern half of Taiwan which consists mostly of mountainous terrain. Due to the historical influx of Chinese from across the Taiwan Strait to Taiwan, many aborigines who originally settled the lowland plains of western Taiwan were forced eastwards into the mountains and came to be known as the mountain people (高山族; gāoshānzú). Many of those who did not migrate eastward intermarried with the Han Chinese settlers and adopted Chinese identities. Total population 2006: 458,000 (CIP 2006) 2004: 454,600 (CIP 2004) Homelands in Taiwan Mountainous terrain running in five ranges from the northern to the southern tip of the island Narrow eastern plains Orchid Island (Lán YÇ”) Languages 14 living Formosan languages. ... Taiwan Strait Area The Taiwan Strait or Formosa Strait is a 180km-wide Strait between mainland China and the island of Taiwan. ...

Note: Source data obtained from ROC Ministry of the Interior website (Spreadsheet data: m1-04.xls)

The ROC government officially recognizes twelve aborigine tribes (原住民; yuánzhùmín; literally "original inhabitants"). These are: Ami, Atayal, Paiwan, Bunun, Puyuma, Rukai, Tsou, Saisiyat, Tao (Yami), Thao, Kavalan and Truku. Originally, only nine tribes were recognized, dating back to the time of the Japanese colonial rule of Taiwan. The Thao, Kavalan and Truku tribes were recognized much later in 2001, 2002 and 2004 respectively by the ROC government. There are at least another dozen tribes that are not recognized by the government. Total population 2006: 458,000 [4] 2004: 454,600 [5] Homelands in Taiwan Mountainous terrain running in five ranges from the northern to the southern tip of the island Narrow eastern plains Orchid Island (Lán YÇ”) Languages 14 living Formosan languages. ... A woman with a child of Atayal using a machine to make clothes, 1900 Traditional aboriginal designs are often found on modern buildings in Taiwan in places where aborigines traditionally live. ... Slabstone House by Paiwan ca. ... Bunun people of Taiwan, in formal attire. ... The Puyumas Moon-shape Monolith ca. ... A Rukai village Chief visiting Department of Anthropology in Tokyo Imperial University during the Japanese rule. ... Tsou youth, pre-1945 The Tsou (also spelled Cou) are an indigenous people of Taiwan. ... Pastaai ceremonies in Nanzhuang, Miaoli, Taiwan The Saisiyat (賽夏) (true people), also spelled Saisiat are an indigenous people of Taiwan, part of the larger Taiwanese aborigine ethnic group. ... Old photo of the Tao people on the shore of Orchid Island, ca. ... Thao young man of Sun Moon Lake, Nantou, Taiwan ca 1904 The Thao (Chinese: ) are a small group of Taiwanese aborigines who have lived near Sun Moon Lake (Lake Candidius) in central Taiwan for at least a century, and probably since the time of the Qing dynasty. ... The Kavalan (People living in the plain) (Chinese: 噶瑪蘭族) or Kuvalan are an indigenous people of Taiwan, part of the larger Taiwanese aborigine ethnic group. ... The Truku (太魯閣族, also romanized as Taroko) people are a Taiwanese aboriginal tribe. ... The Japanese colonial period, Japanese rule or the Japanese occupation[1], in the context of Taiwans history, refers to the period between 1895 and 1945 during which Taiwan was a Japanese colony. ...

Total population 2006: 458,000 [4] 2004: 454,600 [5] Homelands in Taiwan Mountainous terrain running in five ranges from the northern to the southern tip of the island Narrow eastern plains Orchid Island (Lán Yǔ) Languages 14 living Formosan languages. ... A woman with a child of Atayal using a machine to make clothes, 1900 Traditional aboriginal designs are often found on modern buildings in Taiwan in places where aborigines traditionally live. ... Bunun people of Taiwan, in formal attire. ... Slabstone House by Paiwan ca. ... The Puyumas Moon-shape Monolith ca. ... A Rukai village Chief visiting Department of Anthropology in Tokyo Imperial University during the Japanese rule. ... Tsou youth, pre-1945 The Tsou (also spelled Cou) are an indigenous people of Taiwan. ... Pastaai ceremonies in Nanzhuang, Miaoli, Taiwan The Saisiyat (賽夏) (true people), also spelled Saisiat are an indigenous people of Taiwan, part of the larger Taiwanese aborigine ethnic group. ... Old photo of the Tao people on the shore of Orchid Island, ca. ... Yang man of Thao of Sun Moon Lake, Nantou, Taiwan ca 1904 The Thao (邵族) are a small group of Taiwanese aborigines, with a population of only a few hundred, who have lived near Sun Moon Lake (Lake Candidius) in central Taiwan for at least a century, and probably since the... The Kavalan (People living in the plain) (Chinese: 噶瑪蘭族) or Kuvalan are an indigenous people of Taiwan, part of the larger Taiwanese aborigine ethnic group. ... The Truku (太魯閣族, also romanized as Taroko) people are a Taiwanese aboriginal tribe. ...

Taiwanese

Main article: Taiwanese people

Taiwanese ethnicities according to the ROC government.

The term Taiwanese refers to people born in Taiwan or identify as citizens of the Republic of China. Technically, Taiwanese people are Taiwanese aborigines with some Chinese blood]] but the usage is used to clarify that they come from Taiwan and not from mainland China, from which "Chinese" is most often attributed to nowadays. Such usage is also common throughout "Greater China" where people from Hong Kong identify themselves as "Hong Konger" (香港人 Heung-gong-yahn), and those from the once Manchurian area, "Northeasterner" (東北人 Dōngběirén). This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... Download high resolution version (867x847, 35 KB) Chart showing ethnic demographics of the Republic of China (Taiwan). ... Download high resolution version (867x847, 35 KB) Chart showing ethnic demographics of the Republic of China (Taiwan). ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... Motto Three Principles of the People (三民主義 San-min Chu-i) Anthem National Anthem of the Republic of China Capital Taipei (de facto)  Nanjing (de jure)1  Largest city Taipei Official languages Mandarin (GuóyÇ”) Government Semi-presidential system  -  President Chen Shui-bian  -  Vice President Annette Lu  -  Premier Su Tseng-chang... Mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and regions linked to Chinese political and cultural history. ... Manchuria (Manchu: Manju; Traditional Chinese: 滿洲; Simplified Chinese: 满洲; pinyin: MÇŽnzhōu, Russian: ) is a vast territorial region in northeast Asia. ...

Approximately 83% are descendants of Taiwanese aborigines and early immigrants (70% of ethnic Hoklo and 15% of ethnic Hakka) from the adjacent Fujian (Hokkien) and Guangdong (Canton) province who crossed the Taiwan Strait to work for the Dutch during the 17th century. These two ethnic groups regard themselves as native Taiwanese (本省人 Běnshěngrén; literally "home-province person") and consider the more recent Chinese immigrants that fled mainland China during the Chinese Civil War as Mainlanders (外省人 Wàishěngrén; literally "external-province person"). There is tension between the "Taiwanese" and "Mainlander" groups in Taiwan, with the former more supportive of independence while the latter more supportive of unification with mainland China. Hoklo (Chinese: 福佬人; Pinyin: FúlÇŽo Rén; POJ: Ho̍h-ló-lâng/Hō-ló-lâng) primarily refers to the largest of the four subethnic and ethnic groups in Taiwan. ... Henan, Shanxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi and Fujian provinces The Hakka are a subgroup of the Han Chinese people who live predominantly in the provinces of Guangdong, Jiangxi, and Fujian in China. ...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal map spelling: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Guangdong, often spelt as Kwangtung, is a province on the south coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Taiwan Strait Area The Taiwan Strait or Formosa Strait is a 180km-wide Strait between mainland China and the island of Taiwan. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Combatants Nationalist Party of China Communist Party of China Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 4,300,000 (July 1946) 3,650,000 (June 1948) 1,490,000 (June 1949) 1,200,000 (July 1946) 2,800,000 (June 1948) 4,000,000 (June 1949) The Chinese Civil War... Mainlanders are Chinese people who live, or were born, in mainland China as opposed to Hong Kong, Macao, Singapore, or Taiwan. ... Chinese reunification is a goal of Chinese nationalism which is the unification of all of China under a single political entity. ...

Languages

Main article: Languages of Taiwan

Overview: Mandarin Chinese (official), Taiwanese (Min), Hakka dialects

Almost everyone in the Republic of China born after the early 1950s can speak Mandarin, which has been the official language and the medium of instruction in the schools for more than four decades. A large majority of people on Taiwan speak Standard Mandarin, which has been the only officially sanctioned medium of instruction in the schools for more than four decades. ... // Recovering from World War II and its aftermath, the economic miracle emerged in West Germany and Italy. ... Mandarin (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ; literally speech of officials), or Beifanghua (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ; literally Northern Dialect(s)), is a category of related Chinese dialects spoken across most of northern and southwestern China. ... Students in Rome, Italy. ...

The majority speak a variant form of Southern Fujianese (Min Nan dialect) which is commonly referred to as Taiwanese. The ethnic Hakka have a distinct Hakka dialect. Between 1900 and 1945 Japanese was the medium of instruction and could be fluently spoken by many of the educated during that period. Chinese romanisation in Taiwan uses both Tongyong pinyin which has been officially adopted by the national government, and Hanyu pinyin which some localities use. Wade-Giles, used traditionally, is also found, as well as Vietnamese. Min Nan, Minnan, or Min-nan (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ; POJ: Bân-lâm-gú; Southern Min or Southern Fujian language) is the Chinese language/dialect spoken in southern Fujian province, China and neighboring areas, and by descendants of emigrants from these areas in diaspora. ... Taiwanese (pe̍h-oÄ“-jÄ«: Tâi-oân-oÄ“ or Tâi-gí; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: TáiyÇ”, Táiwānhuà) is a dialect of Min Nan Chinese spoken by about 70% of Taiwans population. ... Hakka is one language in the family of languages known as Chinese. ... Year 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... A romanization or latinization is a system for representing a word or language with the Roman (Latin) alphabet, where the original word or language used a different writing system. ... Tongyong Pinyin (Chinese: ; pinyin: Tōngyòng pÄ«nyÄ«n; literally Universal/General Usage Sound-combining) is the current official romanization of the Chinese language adopted by the national government (although not all local governments) of the Republic of China (Taiwan) since 2002. ... Pinyin (拼音, Pīnyīn) literally means join (together) sounds (a less literal translation being phoneticize, spell or transcription) in Chinese and usually refers to Hànyǔ Pīnyīn (汉语拼音, literal meaning: Han language pinyin), which is a system of... Wade-Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration) system for the Chinese language based on Mandarin. ...

On Kinmen (Quemoy) the language spoken is also Min Nan. On the Matsu Islands, Foochow dialect, a Min Dong (eastern Fujianese) dialect, is spoken. Kinmen (Traditional Chinese: 金門; Hanyu Pinyin: Jīnmén; Tongyong Pinyin: Jinmén; Wade-Giles: Chin-men; POJ: Kim-mn̂g; also romanized Quemoy from Southern Min (in early Spanish romanization); literally Golden Door or Golden Gate), located at 24. ... The Matsu Islands (馬祖列島 or less frequently, 馬祖群島 Pinyin: Mǎzǔ) are a minor archipelago of 19 islands and islets in the Taiwan Strait administered as Lienchiang County (連江 Pinyin: Liánjiāng), Fukien Province of the Republic of China (ROC, now based on Taiwan). ... Because of technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. ... Min Dong Language (or Eastern Min Language, Chinese: 閩東語, SLC: Mỉng Tòyng ngỹ) is the language mainly spoken in the eastern part of Fujian Province (Chinese: 福建, SLC: Huk Kyŏng). ...

Religion

Main article: Religion in Taiwan

Overview: Buddhist 94%, Christian 4.5%, other 1.5%

Article 13 of the Constitution of the Republic of China guarantees freedom of religion as a right of all its citizens. As of 2002, the Republic of China government recognizes 25 religions which are registered with the Civil Affairs Department of the Ministry of the Interior (MOI)^[2]. A wide diversity of religions can be found on Taiwan, due to its multicultural history, and religious freedom written in the constitution. ... The Constitution of the Republic of China (traditional Chinese: 中華民國憲法; Hanyu Pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó Xiànfǎ; Tongyong Pinyin: JhongHuá MínGuó SiànFǎ) is currently the basic governing document for the areas controlled by the Republic of China, namely all... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ...

Statistics on registered religions (2002)

About half of the population can be considered religious believers, most of whom identify themselves as Buddhists or Taoists. At the same time there is a strong belief in folk religion. These are not considered mutually exclusive, and many people practice a combination of the three. Confucianism also is an honored school of thought and ethical codes. Christian churches have been active in Taiwan for many years, a majority of which are Protestant, with Presbyterians playing a particularly significant role. The ROC government has diplomatic relations with the Holy See, which is the only European nation to formally recognize the ROC and is the ROC's longest lasting diplomatic ally, having established relations in 1942. Islam is a static religion but has seen a surge in recent years as a result of foreign Muslims seeking work in Taiwan, most notably from Indonesia. There is also a small group of Shinto followers under the Tenrikyo sect which began in the 1970s. A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE. It had subsequently been accepted by... For other uses of the words tao and dao, see Dao (disambiguation). ... Folk religion consists of beliefs, superstitions and rituals transmitted from generation to generation of a specific culture. ... Confucian temple in Jiading district, Shanghai. ... Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... An issue of the Taiwan Church News, first published by Presbyterian missionaries in 1885. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1942 calendar). ... Islam reached Taiwan in the 17th century when muslim families from the southern coastal Fukien Province of China accompanied Koxinga on his invasion of Taiwan to oust the Dutch from the southern city of Tainan in 1661. ... Shinto ) is the native religion of Japan and was once its state religion. ... Tenrikyo Headquarters, Tenri Tenrikyo (天理教; Tenrikyō, lit. ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday. ...

Note: Statistics for the following religions are missing from the table above: Buddhism is a dharmic, non-theistic religion and a philosophy. ... It has been suggested that Taoist doctrine be merged into this article or section. ... I-Kuan Tao emblem. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Roman Catholic Church or Catholic Church (see terminology below) is the Christian Church in full communion with the Bishop of Rome, currently Pope Benedict XVI. It traces its origins to the original Christian community founded by Jesus Christ and led by the Twelve Apostles, in particular Saint Peter. ... Wang Hao De (1921 – 1999) is the founder of the Maitreya Great Tao religion (Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), which is based in Hsin Chu, Taiwan. ... Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ... Tenrikyo Headquarters, Tenri Tenrikyo (天理教; Tenrikyō, lit. ... Known in India as the Lotus Temple, the Bahai House of Worship attracts an average of three and a half million visitors a year. ... Confucian temple in Jiading district, Shanghai. ... Huang Zhong (黄忠; style name: Hansheng 汉升) (? - 220), was born Nanyang (in modern day Henan province). ...

• The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (耶穌基督後期聖徒教會)
• Church of Scientology (山達基教會)
• Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity (世界基督教統一神靈協會)
• Tantric Buddhism
• Xian Tian Jiu Jiao (先天救教)

Source: Taipei Times^[2].

The Salt Lake Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the largest attraction in the citys Temple Square. ... The Church of Scientology is the largest organization devoted to the practice and the promotion of the Scientology belief system. ... The Unification Church is a new religious movement started by Sun Myung Moon in Korea in the 1940s. ... A mandala used in Vajrayana Buddhist practices. ...

Population

According to May 2006 statistics from the Ministry of the Interior, the population of the Republic of China was 22,805,547, 99.6% of which live in Taiwan Province (Note: Taipei City and Kaohsiung City are municipalities and thus officially not part of Taiwan Province). The remaining 0.4% (82,618) live across the Taiwan Strait just off the coast of Fujian in mainland China. The ROC has jurisdiction over Taiwan Province and Fukien Province, the latter consists of a few islands administered as two counties, Kinmen and Matsu (Lienchiang). Not many people know that Fujian province is divided between the PRC and ROC, though the ROC only has jurisdiction over a few small islands off the coast of mainland Fujian province. Taiwan Province can refer to an existing administrative division under the government of the Republic of China or the claimed 23rd province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Alternative meaning: Taipei County City nickname: the City of Azaleas Capital District Xinyi Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 16 of 25 271. ... Abbreviation: Kaohsiung (高雄) City nickname: The Harbor City Capital District Linya Dist. ... Direct-controlled municipalities are the highest-level cities in China, with status equal to that of the provinces. ... Taiwan Strait Area The Taiwan Strait or Formosa Strait is a 180km-wide Strait between mainland China and the island of Taiwan. ...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal map spelling: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ... ... Fujian (Chinese: 福建; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal System Pinyin: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of China. ... Kinmen (Traditional Chinese: 金門; Hanyu Pinyin: JÄ«nmén; Tongyong Pinyin: Jinmén; Wade-Giles: Chin-men; POJ: Kim-mnÌ‚g; also romanized Quemoy from Southern Min (in early Spanish romanization); literally Golden Door or Golden Gate), located at 24. ... Matsu can refer to: Matsu, a significant sea goddess in Chinese culture. ...

The Republic of China (Taiwan) is ranked 48th most populous nation in the world. This is a list of sovereign states and other territories by population, using the most recently available official figures. ...

Notes: Taiwan Province can refer to an existing administrative division under the government of the Republic of China or the claimed 23rd province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Alternative meaning: Taipei County City nickname: the City of Azaleas Capital District Xinyi Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 16 of 25 271. ... Abbreviation: Kaohsiung (高雄) City nickname: The Harbor City Capital District Linya Dist. ... Fujian (Chinese: 福建; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal System Pinyin: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of China. ...

Taiwan Province can refer to an existing administrative division under the government of the Republic of China or the claimed 23rd province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Fujian (Chinese: 福建; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal System Pinyin: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of China. ...

Age structure

Source: CIA World Factbook (2006 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.1 male(s)/female

under 15 years: 1.09 male(s)/female

15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female

total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2006 est.)

Foreign residents

Total: 422,738 (May 2006 est.)

Source: Ministry of the Interior (MOI) (Spreadsheet data: m5-08.xls)

Net migration rate

0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)

-0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

The Republic of China (Taiwan) is ranked 34th in the world for highest life expectancy at birth. World map showing Life expectancy This is a list of countries by life expectancy, based on The World Factbook, 2006 estimates. ...

Source: CIA World Factbook (2006 est.)

Births & Deaths

Population growth rate

Source: CIA World Factbook

Fertility rate

1.57 children born/woman (2006 est.)

Birth rate

12.56 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)

14.42 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 6.29 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 6.97 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 5.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)

Death rate

6.48 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)

5.91 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)

HIV/AIDS

Main article: HIV/AIDS in Taiwan

The first reported case of HIV/AIDS was recorded in December 1984 and the first local infection recorded in Februrary 1986. As of May 2006, there were 11,486 recorded cases of HIV of which 2,631 were confirmed with AIDS. There were 1,425 deaths leaving 10,029 people living with HIV/AIDS. This is less than 0.5% of the total population of Taiwan. Statistics by the Center for Disease Control show that the gender distribution of infected person was 90% male and 10% female. Taiwans epidemic of HIV/AIDS began with the first case reported in December 1984. ... Species Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Human immunodeficiency virus 2 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS, a condition in humans in which the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections. ... Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS or Aids) is a collection of symptoms and infections resulting from the specific damage to the immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ...

Source: Center for Disease Control (CDC), Republic of China (Taiwan) - May 2006 est.(PDF file) (Chinese)

Military manpower

Main article: Conscription in the Republic of China

The Republic of China (Taiwan) has a compulsory military draft for males aged 19-35 years of age with a service obligation of 16 months (to be reduced to 12 months in 2008). The Republic of China (ROC) has maintained a policy of conscription for all qualified males of military age since 1949, primarily as a means to bolster the defense of Taiwan against an invasion by the Peoples Republic of China. ... For other uses, see Conscript (disambiguation). ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Available manpower

Defined as 19-49 years of age.

Fit for military service

Of the available manpower, the following are fit for military service. Defined as 19-49 years of age.

Education

Main article: Education in the Republic of China

The Republic of China has a nine-year compulsory education program in Taiwan, Kinmen, and Matsu initiated by the Ministry of Education in 1968. This consists of six years in elementary education and three years in junior high education. About 94.7% of junior high graduates continue their studies in either a senior high or vocational school^{[citation needed]}. Reflecting a strong commitment to education, in FY 2001 16% of the ROC budget was allocated for education^{[citation needed]}. The enrollment rate was 96.77% for the school year 2004-2005 ^[3]. For the school year 2005-2006, there were 5,283,855 students in both public and private schools, about a quarter of the entire population. The literacy rate is above 95%. Educational oversight Minister of Education Ministry of Education Tu Cheng-sheng National education budget NT$ 608. ... Motto Three Principles of the People (三民主義 San-min Chu-i) Anthem National Anthem of the Republic of China Capital Taipei (de facto)  Nanjing (de jure)1  Largest city Taipei Official languages Mandarin (GuóyÇ”) Government Semi-presidential system  -  President Chen Shui-bian  -  Vice President Annette Lu  -  Premier Su Tseng-chang... Compulsory education is education which children are required by law to receive and governments to provide. ... Kinmen (Traditional Chinese: 金門; Hanyu Pinyin: JÄ«nmén; Tongyong Pinyin: Jinmén; Wade-Giles: Chin-men; POJ: Kim-mnÌ‚g; also romanized Quemoy from Southern Min (in early Spanish romanization); literally Golden Door or Golden Gate), located at 24. ... Matsu can refer to: Matsu, a significant sea goddess in Chinese culture. ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday. ...

Taiwan has an extensive higher education system with more than 100 institutions of higher learning. Each year over 100,000 students take the joint college entrance exam; about 66.6% of the candidates are admitted to a college or university^{[citation needed]}. Opportunities for graduate education are expanding in Taiwan, but many students travel abroad for advanced education, including 13,000 who study in the United States annually^{[citation needed]}.

Since the mid-1990s, the government has introduced several education reforms in a bid to further improve education standards such as the replacement in 2002 of the 48-year long Joint University Entrance Examination (JUEE; 大學聯考; Dàxué liánkǎo) which had been set up in 1954. MCMXC redirects here; for the Enigma album, see MCMXC a. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also: List of universities in Taiwan The following is a list of universities in the Republic of China on Taiwan: Aletheia University China Medical University Chinese Culture University Chang Gung University Chang Jung Christian University Chaoyang University of Technology Cheng Shiu University Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science Chienkuo Technology University Ching Yun University Chung...

Distribution of students

Source: Number of students at each level (SY 2005-2006), Ministry of Education, Republic of China (Taiwan).

Literacy

Definition of literacy is those aged 15 and over who can read and write.

Source: CIA World Factbook (2003 est.)

See also

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References