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1739 Stono Rebellion 1741 New York Insurrection 1805 Chatham Manor 1800 Gabriel Prosser (Suppressed) 1811 Charles Deslandes (Suppressed) 1815 George Boxley (Suppressed) 1822 Denmark Vesey (Suppressed) 1831 Nat Turner's rebellion 1839 Amistad 1856 Pottawatomie Massacre 1859 John Brown A slave rebellion is an armed uprising by slaves. ... The Stono Rebellion (sometimes called Catos Conspiracy or Catos Rebellion) is one of the earliest known organized acts of rebellion against slavery in the Americas. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Chatham Manor is the Georgian-style home built in 1768-71 by William Fitzhugh on the Rappahannock River in Stafford County, VA opposite Fredericksbg. ... Gabriel (1776–October 10, 1800), today commonly if incorrectly known as Gabriel Prosser, was a slave born in Henrico County, Virginia who planned a failed slave rebellion in the summer of 1800. ... Charles Deslondes led an unsuccessful slave revolt in parts of the Louisiana Territory on January 8, 1811. ... George Boxley was a white storekeeper living in Spotsylvania County, Virginia near the Orange County, Virginia line. ... Nat Turners Rebellion (also known as the Southampton Insurrection) was a slave rebellion that took place in Southampton County, Virginia during August 1831. ... Holding The “AFRICANS” are free, and are remanded to be released; Lt. ... The Pottawatomie massacre occurred during the night of May 24 to the morning of May 25, 1856. ... John Brown, ca. ... This box: view • talk • edit

Denmark Vesey (originally Telemaque, 1767? — July 2, 1822) was an African American slave, and later a freeman, who planned what would have been one of the largest slave rebellions in the United States had word of the plans not been leaked. Charleston, South Carolina authorities arrested the plot's leaders before the uprising could begin, and Vesey and others were tried and executed. is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1822 (MDCCCXXII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... Slave redirects here. ... A slave rebellion is an armed uprising by slaves. ... Nickname: Motto: Aedes Mores Juraque Curat (She cares for her temples, customs, and rights) Location of Charleston in South Carolina. ...

Eventually, many antislavery activists came to regard Vesey as a hero. During the American Civil War, abolitionist Frederick Douglass used Vesey's name as a battle cry to rally African American regiments, especially the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... This article is about the abolition of slavery. ... Frederick Douglass, ca. ... A battle cry is a yell or chant taken up in battle, usually by members of the same military unit. ... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ... Image:The Storming of Ft. ...

Early life

In 1781, Vesey was purchased by Captain Joseph Vesey from the then Danish Caribbean island of St. Thomas. He labored briefly in Haiti, and then settled in Charleston, South Carolina as a youth, where Joseph Vesey kept him as a domestic slave. On November 9, 1799, he won $1500 in a city lottery; he bought his own freedom and worked as a carpenter. Although previously a Presbyterian, he co-founded a branch of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1816, which was temporarily shut down by white authorities in 1818 and again in 1820. Map of U.S. Virgin Islands Saint Thomas is an island in the Caribbean Sea, a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincorporated territory of the United States. ... is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... A lottery is a popular form of gambling which involves the drawing of lots for a prize. ... Carpenter at work in Tennessee, June 1942. ... Presbyterianism is a form of church government which is most prevalent within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity. ... The African Methodist Episcopal Church, usually called the AME Church, is a Christian denomination founded by Bishop Richard Allen in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1816. ...

The Vesey conspiracy

Inspired by the revolutionary spirit and actions of slaves in Haiti,known today as the 1791 Haitian Revolution, and furious at the closing of the African Church, Vesey began to plan a slave rebellion. His insurrection, which was to take place on Bastille Day, July 14, 1822, became known to thousands of blacks throughout Charleston and along the Carolina coast. The plot called for Vesey and his group of slaves and free blacks to slay their masters and temporarily seize the city of Charleston. Shortly after the rebellion was to take place, Vesey and his followers planned to sail to Haiti to escape retaliation. The plot was leaked by two slaves opposed to Vesey's scheme, and 131 people were charged with conspiracy by Charleston authorities. In total, 67 men were convicted and 35 hanged, including Denmark Vesey. For the Battlestar Galactica episode, see Bastille Day (Battlestar Galactica). ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1822 (MDCCCXXII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... In the history of the slavery in the Americas, a free person of color was a person of full or partial African descent who was not enslaved. ...

One of his sons, Sandy Vesey, was transported, probably to Cuba, and his last wife, Susan, later emigrated to Liberia. Another son, Robert Vesey, survived to rebuild the city's AME Church in 1865.

In response to white fears, a municipal guard of 150 men was established in Charleston in 1822. Half the men were stationed in an arsenal called the Citadel. In 1842, the South Carolina legislature replaced the expensive guardsmen with cheaper cadets, and the arsenal was turned over to the newly-established South Carolina Military Academy, which later became known as The Citadel.^[1][2] Squad car of Polish Straż miejska, Warsaw. ... This article is about armaments factories. ... The South Carolina General Assembly, also called the South Carolina Legislature, is the legislative branch of South Carolina and consists of the South Carolina House of Representatives and the South Carolina Senate. ... The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, is a state-supported, comprehensive college located in Charleston, South Carolina. ...

White hysteria?

Recent scholarship by the historian Michael Johnson gave a new twist to historian Richard Wade's 1964 theory that the Vesey Conspiracy was nothing more than "angry talk". According to Johnson, Mayor James Hamilton Jr. created a false conspiracy to use as a "political wedge issue" against Governor Thomas Bennett Jr., who owned four of the accused slaves. Somewhat in reaction to the Missouri Compromise, which allowed the federal government to restrict slavery in the west, Hamilton supported a militant approach to protecting slavery that called for draconian measures, while the governor clung to a paternalistic, almost benign view. But no Carolinian, white or black, doubted the existence of a conspiracy in 1822.^[3] Governor Bennett, while believing that the plot was not as widespread as Hamilton thought, nonetheless called Vesey's plan "a ferocious, diabolical design". James Hamilton, Jr. ... Thomas Bennett, Jr. ... The United States in 1820. ... This article describes the government of the United States. ...

Johnson also asserts that alongside questionable court records, no other material evidence exists of Vesey's plans to lead the revolt. However, most specialists observe that a number of blacks familiar with Vesey or the Reverend Morris Brown, especially free black carpenter Thomas Brown, spoke about the plot in later years.

In 2004, historian Robert Tinkler, a biographer of Mayor Hamilton, reported that he uncovered no documentation to support any view besides the one that "James Hamilton believed there was indeed a Vesey plot."

In art

Denmark Vesey is also the name and basis for a character created by Orson Scott Card in The Tales of Alvin Maker, a series of books which detail an alternate history of America. The character Denmark emerges in Book Five, Heartfire, in which his slave rebellion comes under threat by mistakes made by Alvin’s brother, Calvin Miller/Maker. Vesey's life was also fictionalized in John Oliver Killens' brief novella, Great Gittin' Up Morning, and he appears in several cameos in John Jakes' Charleston. The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ... The Tales of Alvin Maker is a series of novels by Orson Scott Card that revolve around the experiences of a young man, Alvin Miller, who discovers he has incredible powers for creating and shaping things around him. ... Heartfire is a book published in 1998 by Orson Scott Card. ... John Oliver Killens (January 14, 1916-October 27, 1987), a black American fiction writer, was born in Macon, Georgia to Charles Myles, Sr. ... John Jakes (born on March 31, 1932) is a writer of fiction. ...

There is a reference to Vesey in Martin Delany's 19th-century novel, Blake, as well as in the drama by Dorothy Heyward, Set My People Free. Several PBS documentaries discuss Vesey, particularly Africans in America and This Far By Faith. Martin Delany Martin Robinson Delany (May 6, 1812 – January 24, 1885) was an African-American abolitionist, arguably the first proponent of American black nationalism and the first African American field officer in the United States Army. ... Dorothy Heyward (1890 – November 19, 1961) was an American playwright. ... Not to be confused with Public Broadcasting Services in Malta. ...

Vesey's name served as the title for a 1939 opera by novelist and composer Paul Bowles. Paul Frederic Bowles (December 30, 1910 - November 18, 1999), was an American composer, author, and traveler. ...

He also makes an appearance in the 1991 TV movie Brother Future, in which he was played by Carl Lumbly, and in the 1980s made-for-television drama, Denmark Vesey's Revolt, in which he was played by the Cameroon-born actor Yaphet Kotto. Brother Future is a 1991 science fiction movie. ... Carl Lumbly, born August 14, 1952, in Minnesota, is a film, stage, and television actor. ... Prince Yaphet Frederick Kotto (born November 15, 1937) is an American actor. ...

Notes

The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, is a state-supported, comprehensive college located in Charleston, South Carolina. ... The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, is a state-supported, comprehensive college located in Charleston, South Carolina. ...

References

• Egerton, Douglas R. He Shall Go Out Free: The Lives of Denmark Vesey, 2nd ed. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield, 2004. online review
• Lofton, John. Insurrection in South Carolina. Antioch Press: Yellow Springs, 1964.
• Rodriguez, Junius P., ed. Encyclopedia of Slave Resistance and Rebellion. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 2006. ISBN 0313332711.
• Tinkler, Robert. James Hamilton of South Carolina. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2004. ISBN 0807129364.