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Encyclopedia > Dentifrice
Modern toothpaste
Modern toothpaste

Toothpaste is a paste used to clean teeth, almost always in conjunction with a toothbrush. Download high resolution version (1737x1053, 165 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1737x1053, 165 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... This article is in need of attention. ... Types of teeth Molars are used for grinding up foods Carnassials are used for slicing food. ... The toothbrush is a brush used to clean teeth. ...

Contents


History

The earliest known reference to a toothpaste is in a manuscript from Egypt in the 4th century A.D., which prescribes a mixture of powdered salt, pepper, mint leaves, and iris flowers. The Romans used toothpaste formulations based on human urine. Since urine contains ammonia, it was probably actually effective in whitening teeth. [1] In 18th century America, a record has been found of a toothpaste recipe containing burnt bread. Another formula around this time called for dragon's blood, cinnamon, and burnt alum. [2] (3rd century - 4th century - 5th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 4th century was that century which lasted from 301 to 400. ... In chemistry, salt is a general term used for ionic compounds composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, so that the product is neutral and without a net charge. ... Look up Pepper in Wiktionary, the free dictionary There are several completely different plants referred to by the name of pepper; most are used in food for the hot sensation that the chemical piperine or capsaicin induces on the tongue. ... Species See text The true mints are perennial herbs in the family Lamiaceae. ... Species See text. ... Urine is liquid waste excreted by the kidneys and eventually expelled from the body in a process known as urination. ... Ammonia is a chemical compound consisting of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms with the formula NH3. ...


However, toothpastes or powders did not come into general use until the 19th century. In the early 1800s, the toothbrush was usually used only with water, but tooth powders soon gained popularity. Most were home made, with chalk, pulverized brick, and salt being common ingredients. An 1866 Home Cyclopedia recommended pulverized charcoal, and cautioned that many patented tooth powders then commercially marketed did more harm than good. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Events and Trends Beginning of the Napoleonic Wars (1803 - 1815). ... The Needles, part of the extensive Southern England Chalk Formation Chalk is a soft, white, porous form of limestone composed of the mineral calcium carbonate. ... A weathered brick wall. ... In chemistry, salt is a general term used for ionic compounds composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, so that the product is neutral and without a net charge. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Charcoal is the blackish residue consisting of impure carbon obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents of animal and vegetable substances. ...


By 1900, baking soda made into a paste by adding a small amount of hydrogen peroxide solution was recommended. Pre-mixed toothpastes were first marketed in the 19th century, but did not surpass the popularity of tooth-powder until about the time of the World War I. In New York City in 1896, Colgate & Company, as they were known, manufactured toothpaste in the first collapsible tube, similar to the tubes that had been recently introduced for artist's oil colors. 1900 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), or sodium hydrogen carbonate, also known as baking soda and bicarbonate of soda, is a soluble white anhydrous or crystalline compound, with a slight alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate. ... Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a clear liquid, slightly more viscous than water, that has strong oxidizing properties and is therefore a powerful bleaching agent that has found use as a disinfectant and (in high concentrations as high test peroxide) as an oxidizer or monopropellant in rockets. ... World War I was primarily a European conflict with many facets: immense human sacrifice, stalemate trench warfare, and the use of new, devastating weapons - tanks, aircraft, machineguns, and poison gas. ... Midtown Manhattan, looking north from the Empire State Building, 2005 New York City (officially named the City of New York) is the most populous city in the United States, and is at the center of American finance, politics, music, and culture. ... 1896 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Colgate redirects here. ...


Fluoride started to be added to toothpastes in the 1950s. Different countries have slightly different suggestions and limits in regards to the amount of the chemical to be added into the product. For example, much of Africa has a slightly higher percent than the US. A fluoride ion is the ionic form of fluorine. ... // Events and trends The 1950s in Western society was marked with a sharp rise in the economy for the first time in almost 30 years and return to the 1920s-type consumer society built on credit and boom-times, as well as the height of the baby-boom from returning... Africa is the worlds second-largest continent and second most populous. ... Wikiquote has a collection of quotations by or about: United States Wikinews has news related to this article: United States United States government CIA World Factbook Entry for United States House. ...


Toothpaste is most commonly sold in flexible tubes, although one may also purchase it in harder containers. Packages designed to stand straight up, so as to allow more of the toothpaste to be used and to save shelf space, are a relatively recent innovation. TUBE (チューブ; chūbu) is a Japanese popular music group. ...


Ingredients and flavors

Sodium fluoride (NaF) is the most popular active ingredient in toothpaste to prevent cavities; some brands use sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP). Nearly all toothpaste sold in the United States has 1000 to 1100 parts per million of one of these active ingredients. This consistency leads some to conclude that cheap toothpaste is just as good as expensive toothpaste. When the magazine Consumer Reports rated toothpastes in 1998, 30 of the 38 were judged excellent. A fluoride ion is the ionic form of fluorine. ... Consumer Reports is an American magazine published by Consumers Union, a non_profit organization founded in 1936 by Arthur Kallet, Colston Warne, and others who felt that the established Consumers Research organization was not aggressive enough. ...


Like many shampoos, healthier ingredients (such as baking soda, pseudo-mouthwash, etc.) are often combined into base mixes of varying qualities and marketed as being beneficial. Look up Shampoo in Wiktionary, the free dictionary A shampoo is a traditional Indian and Persian body massage given after pouring warm water over the body and rubbing it with extracts from herbs. ... Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), or sodium hydrogen carbonate, also known as baking soda and bicarbonate of soda, is a soluble white anhydrous or crystalline compound, with a slight alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate. ... Antiseptic mouth rinse, often called mouthwash, is an oral hygiene product that claims to kill the germs that cause plaque, gingivitis, and bad breath. ...


Toothpaste comes in a variety of flavors, most often being some variation on mint (spearmint, peppermint, regular mint etc). Other more exotic flavors include: anise, apricot, bubblegum (marketed mostly to children), cinnamon, fennel, ginger, lemon, orange, even unflavored. Flavor (AmE) or flavour (CwE) is the sensory impression of a food or other substance. ... Species See text The true mints are perennial herbs in the family Lamiaceae. ... Binomial name Mentha spicata Spearmint (Mentha spicata, syn ), the mint variety most commonly used in cooking, yields an aromatic and carminative oil, referred to as oil of spearmint. Many people use the name scotch spearmint for gingermint (Mentha x gracilis, syn ), a hybrid of spearmint and wild mint (Mentha arvensis). ... Peppermint (larger leaves) and Corsican mint plants Peppermint (Mentha x piperita) is a sterile hybrid mint, a cross between watermint and spearmint, with a high menthol content, often used in tea and confectionery. ... Binomial name Pimpinella anisum L. Anise (stressed on the first syllable, rhyming with Janice), or more rarely anís (stressed on the second syllable, as a niece) (Pimpinella anisum) is an herb in the family Apiaceae (formerly Umbelliferae) whose seed-like fruit (also called aniseed) is used in sweet baking... Binomial name Prunus armeniaca The Apricot is a fruit bearing tree of the species Prunus armeniaca, in the same subgenus Prunus subgen. ... Dubble Bubble bubble blowing contest, at a Walmart store. ... Binomial name Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum, synonym ) is a small evergreen tree 10-15 m tall, belonging to the family Lauraceae, and a spice obtained from the inner bark of this species. ... Binomial name Foeniculum vulgare P. Mill Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a plant of the Apiaceae or parsley family, which produces edible seeds and leaves. ... Binomial name Zingiber officinale Roscoe Ginger root is used extensively as a spice in many if not most cuisines of the world. ... Binomial name Citrus × limon (L.) Burm. ... Orange refers to a citrus tree (Citrus sinensis) and the fruits of this tree. ...


Toothpaste is intended to be spat out. Some types of toothpaste may cause nausea or diarrhea if swallowed in sufficient quantity. This is why children of a young age should not use it, or use it only under close supervision. Nausea (Greek Ναυτεία) is the sensation of unease and discomfort in the stomach with an urge to vomit. ... Diarrhea (AmE) or diarrhoea (CwE) is a condition in which the sufferer has frequent and watery or loose bowel movements (from the ancient Greek word διαρροή = leakage; lit. ...


In India toothpaste suitable for vegetarians has been introduced & did extremly well. Calciam used in tothpaste can be derived from animal bones or from lime. vegetraians prefer to use products free of any ingredients derived from animals.


Popular brands

Aim is a brand of toothpaste from Lever. ... Aquafresh is a brand of toothpaste that has been sold since 1979. ... Arm and Hammer (actually, Arm & Hammer) is a registered trademark of Church and Dwight, an American manufacturer of household products. ... Colgate redirects here. ... Crest is the name of a very popular toothpaste which is now on the market in many countries, such as the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and France. ... Pepsodent is a brand of toothpaste formerly owned by Unilever. ...

See also


  Results from FactBites:
 
Patent 4407788: Dentifrice (3213 words)
The dentifrice claimed in claim 1 wherein said resinous poly(ethylene oxide) has a reduced viscosity of at least 0.5 as measured at a concentration of 0.2 gram of said poly(ethylene oxide) in 100 milliliters of acetonitrile at 30.degree.
The use of these sarcosine compounds in dentifrice compositions of the present invention is particularly advantageous since these materials exhibit a prolonged and marked effect in the inhibition of acid formation in the oral cavity due to carbohydrates breakdown in adition to exerting some reduction in the solubility of tooth enamel in acid solution.
Dentifrice formulations are prepared in the usual manner and provide in situ flocculation of the siliceous polishing material, and all amounts and proportions are by weight except as otherwise indicated.
Dual component tooth whitening dentifrice - United States Patent 5,766,574 (4413 words)
Dentifrices, especially toothpaste, gels and powders containing active oxygen or hydrogen peroxide liberating ingredients such as hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide and peroxides, percarbonates and perborates of alkali and alkaline earth metals have been disclosed in the prior art for whitening teeth.
In the practice of the present invention the dentifrice component containing the peroxide ingredient is formulated using a vehicle containing a peroxide compound as the whitening agent, a chelating agent such as sodium ethylene diamine tetracetic acid and sodium acid pyrophosphate, and a thickener such as a polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block copolymer.
To prepare the abrasive dentifrice component of the present invention, the humectant and thickener are dispersed in a conventional mixer until the mixture becomes a slurry which is smooth in appearance, after which water is added.
  More results at FactBites »


 
 

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