Dewey Square is a square in downtown Boston, Massachusetts. It lies at the intersection of Atlantic Avenue, Summer Street, Federal Street, Purchase Street and Surface Artery, with the Central Artery (I-93) passing underneath in the Dewey Square Tunnel and Big Dig. South Station is on the southeast corner of the square, with MBTA Commuter Rail services, as well as Red Line subway trains and Silver Line bus rapid transit. Nickname: Beantown, The Hub (of the Universe), Athens of America Location in Massachusetts Founded  -Incorporated September 17, 1630  1820, as a city County Suffolk County Mayor Thomas Menino (Dem) Area  - Total  - Water 232. ... The Central Artery, officially the John F. Fitzgerald Expressway, is a section of freeway in downtown Boston, Massachusetts, designated as Interstate 93, U.S. Highway 1 and Route 3. ... Interstate 93 is an interstate highway in the New England section of the United States. ... The Dewey Square Tunnel in Boston, Massachusetts, is part of Interstate 93, running under the heart of the citys financial district. ... The Big Dig is the unofficial name of the Central Artery/Tunnel Project (CA/T), a massive undertaking to route the Central Artery (Interstate 93), the chief controlled-access highway through the heart of Boston, Massachusetts, into a tunnel under the city, replacing a previous elevated roadway. ... South Station front entrance. ... MBTA Commuter Rail Lines The MBTA Commuter Rail is the regional rail arm of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. ... View of Boston from the Red Line The Red Line is the newest of the MBTA rapid transit lines in the Boston, Massachusetts area. ... This article describes subways as mass transit lines. ... Map The Silver Line is the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authoritys (MBTAs) sole Bus Rapid Transit line, running in two, unconnected sections, from Dudley Square in Roxbury to downtown Boston, Massachusetts and from South Station to several points in South Boston and to Logan Airport in East Boston. ... Bus rapid transit (BRT) is a relatively new umbrella term for urban mass transportation services utilizing buses to perform premium services on existing roadways or dedicated rights-of-way. ...

History

By 1867, Dewey Square was the intersection of four streets. Federal Street ran straight through, with its south exit running straight to the current location of the Dorchester Avenue Bridge, and Summer Street, Purchase Street and Broad Street (renamed Atlantic Avenue ca. 1870) ended. The New York and New England Railroad's passenger terminal was on the east side of the square, just south of where Summer Street is now. In 1872, the Union Freight Railroad came through down the middle of Atlantic Avenue and Federal Street. 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1872 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

Summer Street was later extended east as a local road, and in 1899 the Summer Street Bridge was built across Fort Point Channel. Also in 1899, Federal Street was closed south of Dewey Square to make way for the new South Station, and Atlantic Avenue was extended along the west side of the new terminal along with a realignment of the Union Freight Railroad. The Atlantic Avenue Elevated came in 1901 with a station (South Station) one block south of Dewey Square. It was closed in 1938 and torn down in the early 1940s; the Union Freight Railroad lasted until 1970. 1899 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1899 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... South Station front entrance. ... The Atlantic Avenue Elevated outside South Station Map of the Atlantic Avenue Elevated (at right) and related lines The Atlantic Avenue Elevated was an elevated railway around the east side of downtown Boston, Massachusetts, providing a second route for the Boston Elevated Railways Main Line (now the Orange Line... 1901 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1938 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Events and trends The 1940s were dominated by World War II, the most destructive armed conflict in history. ... 1970 was a common year starting on Thursday. ...

The next major change came in the 1950s when the Central Artery was built. The whole area on the north and south sides of the square was cleared, and the Artery was built underground via the Dewey Square Tunnel. Atlantic Avenue became one-way north and Purchase Street one way south to the north of the square, and the new Surface Artery came in as a two-way road above the tunnel heading southwest from the square. Between 1969 and 1978, Boston closed both Federal Street and Summer Street for a block west of the square (they had formerly operated as a one-way pair). Summer Street has since reopened (as a two-way road), but Federal Street is still a pedestrian mall. Millennia: 1st millennium - 2nd millennium - 3rd millennium // Events and trends The 1950s in Western society was marked with a sharp rise in the economy for the first time in almost 30 years and return to the 1920s-type consumer society built on credit and boom-times, as well as the... The Central Artery, officially the John F. Fitzgerald Expressway, is a section of freeway in downtown Boston, Massachusetts, designated as Interstate 93, U.S. Highway 1 and Route 3. ... The Dewey Square Tunnel in Boston, Massachusetts, is part of Interstate 93, running under the heart of the citys financial district. ... 1969 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... 1978 was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ... A one-way pair is a pair of parallel, usually one-way streets that carry opposite directions of a signed route or major traffic flow. ... A pedestrian street is a street where pedestrian traffic is given partial or total priority over all other kinds of traffic. ...

The Big Dig in the late 1990s and early 2000s kept the one-way configurations north of the square, but now Atlantic Avenue continues as one-way north south of the square, and Surface Artery is one-way south. The Big Dig is the unofficial name of the Central Artery/Tunnel Project (CA/T), a massive undertaking to route the Central Artery (Interstate 93), the chief controlled-access highway through the heart of Boston, Massachusetts, into a tunnel under the city, replacing a previous elevated roadway. ... Events and trends The 1990s are generally classified as having moved slightly away from the more conservative 1980s, but keeping the same mind-set. ... Saddam Hussein shortly after his capture Major controversy over U.S. presidential election, 2000 September 11, 2001 terrorist attack on New Yorks World Trade Center and Virginias Pentagon killing almost 3000 people. ...

For some time, an intercity bus depot was located just north of Dewey Square over the Central Artery; it was relocated in 1993 to a nearby location just south of South Station. The Bus, established by Mayor Frank Fasi, is Honolulus only public transit system. ... The Central Artery, officially the John F. Fitzgerald Expressway, is a section of freeway in downtown Boston, Massachusetts, designated as Interstate 93, U.S. Highway 1 and Route 3. ... 1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... South Station front entrance. ...

External links

• Maps and aerial photos
  • Street map from MapQuest or Google Maps
  • Topographic map from TopoZone
  • Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
  • Satellite image from Google Maps

References

• Various Sanborn maps
• The Boston Atlas (Java)