In linguistics, in the field of structural dialectology, a diasystem is a single genetic language which has two or more standard forms. Some dialects are often divided into separate languages due to different historical and cultural development. Other possible differences between languages include vocabulary, such as Occitan being affected by French and Catalan by Spanish words, and writing systems, such as Hindi in Devanagari and Urdu in the Arabic script, despite being mutually intelligible. Some languages are officially recognized as distinct despite having no barriers in speech, writing or lexicon, but are distinguished by legal and political factors, such as the Catalan with Valencian, and Romanian with Moldovan. Examples include: For the journal, see Linguistics (journal). ... Dialectology is the study of dialects of a language, their evolution, differentiation, inter-intelligibity, grammar, phonetics etc. ... Occitan (IPA AmE: ), known also as Lenga dòc or Langue doc (native name: occitan [1], lenga dòc [2]; native nickname: la lenga nòstra [3] i. ... Catalan IPA: (català IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia, and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of Sardinia. ... Hindi (हिन्दी) is a language spoken mainly in North and Central India. ... Rigveda manuscript in Devanagari (early 19th century) DevanāgarÄ« (देवनागरी — in English pronounced ) (ISCII – IS13194:1991) [1] is an abugida alphabet used to write several Indian languages, including Sanskrit, Hindi, Marathi, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Bihari, Bhili, Konkani, Bhojpuri and Nepali from Nepal. ... Urdu ( , , trans. ... The Arabic alphabet is the script used for writing the Arabic language, which is the language of the Quran, the holy book of Islam. ... A pair of languages is said to be mutually intelligible if speakers of one language can readily understand the other language. ... Catalan IPA: (català IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia, and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of Sardinia. ... This page deals with language. ...

• Bulgarian-Macedonian-Torlakian
• Czech-Slovak (Czech-Slovak-Pannonian Rusyn)
• french-gallo-normand-guernsey langage...
• Danish-Bokmål Norwegian-Nynorsk Norwegian
• Filipino-Tagalog
• Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu)
• Irish-Scottish Gaelic
• Lao-Isan
• Malay (Malaysian-Indonesian)
• Mandarin Chinese-Dungan
• Occitano-Romance languages (Occitan-Catalan-Valencian)
• Persian-Tajik-Dari
• Portuguese-Galician (Portuguese-Galician)
• Romanian-Moldovan
• Central South Slavic (Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian)
• Spanish-Ladino
• Tatar-Bashkir
• Tuscan (Italian-Corsican)
• Ukrainian-Rusyn
• Uyghur-Uzbek

Torlakian is the name used for the Slavic dialects spoken in Southern and Eastern Serbia, Northwest Republic of Macedonia (Kratovo-Kumanovo) and Northwest Bulgaria (Vidin-Bregovo). ...  Countries where a West Slavic language is the national language  Countries where an East Slavic language is the national language  Countries where a South Slavic language is the national language The West Slavic languages is a subdivision of the Slavic language group that includes Czech, Polish, Slovak, and Sorbian. ... Pannonian Rusyn or simply Rusyn (Ruthenian) is a Slavic language or dialect spoken in north-western Serbia and eastern Croatia (therefore also called Yugoslavo-Ruthenian, Vojvodina-Ruthenian or Bačka-Ruthenian). ... Gallo can refer to: Gallo language, a regional language of France, traditionally spoken in Eastern Brittany related to Gaul, as in Gallo-Roman culture Gallo, Benevento, a village in the province of Benevento, Italy Robert C. Gallo, a retrovirus expert and a co-discoverer of AIDS along with Luc Montagnier... Normand is a surname, and may refer to: Ernest Normand Gilbert Normand Louis-Philippe Normand Mabel Normand Wilfrid Normand, Baron Normand Norman Normandie This page or section lists people with the surname Normand. ... BokmÃ¥l (lit. ... Nynorsk (literally New Norwegian) is one of the two officially sanctioned orthographic standards of the Norwegian language, the other being BokmÃ¥l. ... Tagalog (pronunciation: ) is one of the major languages of the Republic of the Philippines. ... The word Hindustani is an adjective used to denote a connection to India, or, more precisely, the historical region that encompasses Northern India, Pakistan, and nearby areas. ... Hindi (DevanāgarÄ«: or , IAST: , IPA:  ), an Indo-European language spoken all over India in varying degrees and extensively in northern and central India, is one of the 22 official languages of India and is also used for central government administrative purposes , along with English. ... Urdu ( , , trans. ... // Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. ... Isan (also Isaan or Esarn) is the language of the Isan region of Thailand. ... Not to be confused with the Malayalam language, spoken in India. ... This article is on all of the Northern Chinese dialects. ... The Dungan language (Dungan: Хуэйзў йүян Huejzw jyian, Russian: tr. ... The Occitano-Romance branch of Romance languages encompasses the dialects pertaining to the Occitan and the Catalan languages situated in Southern France, Andorra and Eastern Spain. ... Occitan (IPA AmE: ), known also as Lenga dòc or Langue doc (native name: occitan [1], lenga dòc [2]; native nickname: la lenga nòstra [3] i. ... Catalan IPA: (català IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia, and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of Sardinia. ... This page deals with language. ... Farsi redirects here. ... Tajik or Tadjik (тоҷикӣ, تاجیکی, tojikí) is a descendant of the Persian language spoken in Central Asia. ... Dari (Persian: ) is the official name for the Persian language in Afghanistan, popularly and locally known as Farsi. ... Galician-Portuguese (known as galaico-português or galego-português in Portuguese and galaico-portugués and galego-portugués in Galician) was an Iberian Romance language, spoken in the Middle Ages, in the western area of the Iberian Peninsula. ... Galician (Galician: galego, IPA: ) is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community with the constitutional status of historic nationality, located in northwestern Spain and small bordering zones in neighbouring autonomous communities of Asturias and Castilla y León. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Serbian (; ) is one of the standard versions of the Shtokavian dialect, used primarily in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia, and by Serbs in the Serbian diaspora. ... Not to be confused with Ladin. ... The Tatar language (Tatar tele, Tatarça, Татар теле, Татарча) is a Turkic language spoken by the Tatars. ... The Bashkir language is a Turkic language. ... The Tuscan dialect is a dialect spoken in Tuscany, Italy. ... Corsican (Corsu or Lingua Corsa) is a Romance language spoken on the island of Corsica (France), alongside French, which is the official language. ... Rusyn is an East Slavic language (along with Russian, Belarusian and Ukrainian to which it shares a common linguistic ancestry) that is spoken by the Rusyns. ... Uyghur (‎/Uyghurche//, or ‎/Uyghur tili//)[1] is a Turkic language spoken by the Uyghur people in Xinjiang (also called East Turkestan or Uyghurstan), formerly also “Sinkiang” and “Chinese Turkestan,” a Central Asian region administered by China. ...

See also

• Dialect continuum
• Pluricentric language
• Standard language
• Ausbausprache - Abstandsprache - Dachsprache

A dialect continuum is a range of dialects spoken across a large geographical area, differing only slightly between areas that are geographically close, and gradually decreasing in mutual intelligibility as the distances become greater. ... A pluricentric language is a language with several standard versions. ... A standard language (also standard dialect or standardized dialect) is a particular variety of a language that has been given either legal or quasi-legal status. ... The Ausbausprache - Abstandsprache - Dachsprache framework is a tool developed by sociolinguists, e. ...

External links

• About Central South Slavic diasystem