Calcium citrate
General
Systematic name	2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propane- tricarboxylic acid calcium salt (2:3)
Other names	E333
Molecular formula	Ca3(C6H5O7)2
SMILES	C(C(=O)[O-])C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O. C(C(=O)[O-])C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O. [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2]
Molar mass	498.46 g/mol (anhydrous)
Appearance	White powder
CAS number	[813-94-5] (anhydrous) [5785-44-4]
Properties
Density and phase	1.63 g/cm3, solid
Solubility in water	0.095 g/100 ml (25 °C)
Melting point	120 °C (loses water)
Boiling point	Decomposes
Basicity (pKb)	?
Chiral rotation [α]D	?°
Structure
Crystal structure	?
Dipole moment	? D
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
Main hazards	Irritant
NFPA 704	IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... The simplified molecular input line entry specification or SMILES is a specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per volume. ... In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ... It has been suggested that Solid solubility be merged into this article or section. ... This article describes water from a scientific and technical perspective. ... The melting point of a crystalline solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change its state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid at a given pressure. ... In chemistry and biochemistry, the acid dissociation constant, the acidity constant, or the acid-ionization constant (Ka) is a specific type of equilibrium constant that indicates the extent of dissociation of hydrogen ions from an acid. ... The specific rotation of a chemical compound [α]D is defined as the observed angle of optical rotation α when light of 589 nanometer wavelength (the sodium D line) is passed through a sample with a path length of 0. ... Enargite crystals In mineralogy and crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystal. ... // The Earths magnetic field, which is approximately a dipole. ... The debye (symbol: D) is a non-SI and non-CGS unit of electrical dipole moment. ... A material safety data sheet or MSDS is a form containing data regarding the properties of a particular substance. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... NFPA 704 is a standard maintained by the U.S. National Fire Protection Association. ... Image File history File links NFPA_704. ... 1 1 0
Flash point	?°C
R/S statement	R: ? S: ?
RTECS number	?
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Other cations	Sodium citrate
Related compounds	?
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) The flash point of a flammable liquid is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mixture with air. ... Risk and Safety Statements, also known as R/S statements, R/S numbers, R/S phrases, and R/S sentences, is a system of hazard codes and phrases for labeling dangerous chemicals and compounds. ... R-phrases are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. ... S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. ... RTECS, also known as Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, is a database of toxicity information compiled from the open scientific literature that is available for charge. ... The refractive index (or index of refraction) of a material is the factor by which the phase velocity of electromagnetic radiation is slowed in that material, relative to its velocity in a vacuum. ... The dielectric constant εr (represented as or K in some cases) is defined as the ratio: where εs is the static permittivity of the material in question, and ε0 is the vacuum permittivity. ... Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy or Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV/ VIS) involves the spectroscopy of photons (spectrophotometry). ... IR spectrum of a thin film of liquid ethanol. ... Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy most commonly known as NMR Spectroscopy is the name given to the technique which exploits the magnetic properties of nuclei. ... Basic schematic of a mass spectrometer Mass spectrometry (also known as mass spectroscopy (deprecated)[1] or in common speech mass-spec) is an analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. ... An ion is an atom or group of atoms that normally are electrically neutral and achieve their status as an ion by loss or addition of one or more electrons. ... Sodium citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid with the chemical formula of Na3C6H5O7. ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ... Infobox disclaimer and references

Calcium citrate is the calcium salt of citric acid. It is commonly used as a food additive (E333), usually as a preservative, but sometimes for flavor. In this sense, it is similar to sodium citrate. Calcium citrate is also used as a water softener because the citrate ions can chelate unwanted metal ions. Calcium citrate is also found in some dietary calcium supplements. General Name, Symbol, Number calcium, Ca, 20 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 4, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 40. ... A magnified crystal of a salt (halite/sodium chloride) A salt, in chemistry, is any ionic compound composed of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions) so that the product is neutral (without a net charge). ... Citric acid is a weak organic acid found in citrus fruits. ... Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavour or improve its taste and appearance. ... For the mathematical constant see: E (mathematical constant). ... A preservative is a natural or synthetic chemical that is added to products such as foods, pharmaceuticals, paints, biological samples, etc. ... Flavor or flavour (see spelling differences) is the sensory impression of a food or other substance, and is determined mainly by the chemical senses of taste and smell. ... Sodium citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid with the chemical formula of Na3C6H5O7. ... A water softener reduces calcium or magnesium concentration in hard water. ... Chelation (from Greek, claw like) describes the reversible binding of an organic ligand, the chelator or chelating agent, to a metal ion, forming a metal complex, the chelate. ...

Chemical properties

Like citric acid, calcium citrate has a sour taste. Like other salts, however, it also has a salty taste. For this reason, citrates such as sodium and calcium citrate are commonly known as sour salt. Human taste sensory organs, called taste buds or gustatory calyculi, and concentrated on the upper surface of the tongue, appear to be receptive to relatively few chemical species as tastes. ... Human taste sensory organs, called taste buds or gustatory calyculi, and concentrated on the upper surface of the tongue, appear to be receptive to relatively few chemical species as tastes. ...

Production

Calcium citrate is an intermediate in the isolation of citric acid from the fermentation process by which citric acid is produced industrially.^[1] The citric acid in the broth solution is neutralised by calcium hydroxide, precipitating insoluble calcium citrate. This is then filtered off from the rest of the broth and washed to give clean calcium citrate.

The calcium citrate thus produced may be sold as-is, or it may be converted to citric acid using dilute sulfuric acid.

Biological role

Calcium citrate supplements may increase aluminium toxicity. Patients with renal disease are at an increased risk of toxicity.

Bioavailability is 2.5 times higher than calcium carbonate. For this reason, patients who have undergone the Roux-en-Y variety of weight-loss surgery (also known as gastric bypass) are usually instructed to take calcium citrate as a dietary supplement. In pharmacology, bioavailability is used to describe the fraction of an administered dose of medication that reaches the systemic circulation, one of the principal pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. ... Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound, with chemical formula CaCO3. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards and make it easier to understand, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, or simply gastric bypass surgery, is a procedure almost exclusively used in surgical weight loss applications to correct morbid obesity. ...

See also

References

1. ^ Use of Lime in the Chemical Industry. National Lime Association. Retrieved on 2006-11-25.