Dicarboxylic acids are organic compounds that are substituted with two carboxylic acid functional groups. In molecular formulae for dicarboxylic acids, these groups are often written as HOOC-R-COOH, where R is usually an alkyl, alkenyl, or akynyl group. Dicarboxylic acids can be used to prepare copolymers such as nylon and polyethylene terephthalate. Benzene is the simplest of the arenes, a family of organic compounds An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon and hydrogen; therefore, carbides, carbonates, carbon oxides and elementary carbon are not organic (see below for more on the definition controversy... Structure of a carboxylic acid The 3D structure of the carboxyl group A space-filling model of the carboxyl group Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which has the formula -C(=O)OH, usually written -COOH or -CO2H. [1] Carboxylic acids are Bronsted... In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules, that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. ... Chemical structure of methane, the simplest alkane Alkanes are chemical compounds that consists only of the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) (i. ... The chemical structure of ethylene, the simplest alkene. ... Alkynes are hydrocarbons that have at least one triple bond between two carbon atoms. ... A heteropolymer, also called a copolymer, is a polymer formed when two different types of monomer are linked in the same polymer chain. ... Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers first produced on February 28, 1935 by Gerard J. Berchet of Wallace Carothers research group at DuPont. ... Polyethylene terephthalate (aka PET, PETE or the obsolete PETP or PET-P) is a thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family that produced by the chemical industry and is used in synthetic fibers; beverage, food and other liquid containers; thermoforming applications; and engineering resins often in combination with glass fiber. ...

In general, dicarboxylic acids show the same chemical behaviour and reactivity as monocarboxylic acids. The ionization of the second carboxyl group occurs less readily than the first one. This is because more energy is required to separate a positive hydrogen ion from the doubly charged anion than from the single charged anion.

A mnemonic to aid in remembering the order of the common nomenclature for the first six dicarboxylic acids is "Oh my, such great apple pie!" (oxalic, malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic). Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: English mnemonics A mnemonic (pronounced in Received Pronunciation) is a memory aid, and most serve an educational purpose. ...

When one of the carboxy groups is replaced with an aldehyde group, the resulting structure is called a "aldehydic acid". An aldehyde. ...

Examples

Elementary dicarboxylic acids

Common name	IUPAC name	Chemical formula	Structural formula
Oxalic acid	ethanedioic acid	HOOC-COOH
Malonic acid	propanedioic acid	HOOC-(CH2)-COOH
Succinic acid	butanedioic acid	HOOC-(CH2)2-COOH
Glutaric acid	pentanedioic acid	HOOC-(CH2)3-COOH
Adipic acid	hexanedioic acid	HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH
Pimelic acid	heptanedioic acid	HOOC-(CH2)5-COOH
Suberic acid	octanedioic acid	HOOC-(CH2)6-COOH
Azelaic acid	nonanedioic acid	HOOC-(CH2)7-COOH
Sebacic acid	decanedioic acid	HOOC-(CH2)8-COOH
Phthalic acid	benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid o-phthalic acid	C6H4(COOH)2
Isophthalic acid	benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid m-phthalic acid	C6H4(COOH)2
Terephthalic acid	benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid p-phthalic acid	C6H4(COOH)2

See Category:Dicarboxylic acids for a list. Oxalic acid (IUPAC name: ethanedioic acid, formula C2H2O4) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure (HOOC)-(COOH). ... Image File history File links Oxalic_acid. ... Malonic acid (from Latin malum = apple) (1,3-propanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2. ... Image File history File links Malonic_acid. ... Succinic acid, originally called spirit of amber, is a carboxylic acid with the formula: HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH At room temperature, pure succinic acid is a solid that forms colorless, odorless prisms. ... Image File history File links Succinic_acid. ... Glutaric acid (IUPAC systematic name: pentanedioic acid) is a simple five-carbon linear dicarboxylic acid. ... Image File history File links Glutaric_acid. ... Adipic acid is the common name of 1,6-hexanedioic acid, a chemical compound of the class of carboxylic acids. ... Image File history File links Adipic_acid_structure. ... Pimelic acid, also heptanedioic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid, with formula C5H10(COOH)2. ... Image File history File links Pimelic_acid. ... Suberic acid, also octanedioic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid, with formula C6H12(COOH)2. ... Image File history File links Suberic_acid. ... Azelaic acid is a saturated dicarboxylic acid found naturally in wheat, rye, and barley. ... Image File history File links Azelaic_acid. ... Sebacic acid (IUPAC name: 1,10-Decanedioic Acid ) is a bi-carboxylic acid with structure (HOOC)-(COOH), and is naturally occurring. ... Image File history File links Sebacic_acid. ... Phthalic acid, or benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, with formula C6H4(COOH)2. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 683 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1100 × 966 pixel, file size: 45 KB, MIME type: image/png) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Phthalic acid Dicarboxylic... Isophthalic acid, or benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid, with formula C6H4(COOH)2. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 436 pixel Image in higher resolution (1100 × 600 pixel, file size: 27 KB, MIME type: image/png) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Isophthalic acid Dicarboxylic... Terephthalic acid is one isomer of the three phthalic acids. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1100x448, 28 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Terephthalic acid ...