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The study of the diffusion of innovation is the study of how, why, and at what rate new ideas spread through cultures.
Theories of Innovation Diffusion
 The adoption curve becomes a s-curve when cumulative adoption is used. French sociologist Gabriel Tarde originally claimed that sociology was based on small psychological interactions among individuals, especially imitation and innovation. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1343x490, 38 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1343x490, 38 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Gabriel Tarde (1843 - 1904) French sociologist and social psychologist who conceived sociology as based on small psychological interactions among individuals (much as if it were chemistry), the fundamental forces being imitation and innovation. ...
Imitation is an advanced animal behavior whereby an individual observes anothers behavior and replicates it itself. ...
Diffusion of innovations theory was formalized by Everett Rogers in a 1962 book called Diffusion of Innovations. Rogers stated that adopters of any new innovation or idea could be categorized as innovators (2.5%), early adopters (13.5%), early majority (34%), late majority (34%) and laggards (16%), based on a bell curve. Each adopter's willingness and ability to adopt an innovation would depend on their awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, and adoption. Some of the characteristics of each category of adopter include: Everett M. Rogers (1931 in Carroll, Iowa - Albuquerque, New Mexico, 21 October 2004), communications scholar, pioneer of diffusion of innovations theory, writer, and teacher. ...
Diffusion is the process by which a new idea or new product is accepted by the market. ...
The normal distribution, also called Gaussian distribution, is an extremely important probability distribution in many fields. ...
- innovators - venturesome, educated, multiple info sources, greater propensity to take risk
- early adopters - social leaders, popular, educated
- early majority - deliberate, many informal social contacts
- late majority - skeptical, traditional, lower socio-economic status
- laggards - neighbours and friends are main info sources, fear of debt
Rogers showed these innovations would spread through society in an S curve, as the early adopters select the technology first, followed by the majority, until a technology or innovation is common The logistic function or logistic curve models the S-curve of growth of some set P. The initial stage of growth is approximately exponential; then, as competition arises, the growth slows, and at maturity, growth stops. ...
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The S-Curve and technology adoption
 The diffusion curves of many household innovations, from the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, 1998 The speed of technology adoption is determined by two characteristics p, which is the speed at which adoption takes off, and q, the speed at which later growth occurs. A cheaper technology might have a higher p, for example, taking off more quickly, while a technology that has network effects (like a fax machine, wher[pikoikopkop Image File history File links Household technology adoption rates, from the Federal Reserve of Dallas [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File links Household technology adoption rates, from the Federal Reserve of Dallas [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
The network effect causes a good or service to have a value to a potential customer dependent on the number of customers already owning that good or using that service. ...
Caveats and Criticisms A number of other phenomena can influence innovation adoption rates. One of these is that customers often adapt technology to their own needs, so the innovation may actually change in nature from the early adopters to the majority of users. A second is that disruptive technologies may radically change the diffusion patterns for established technology by starting a different competing S-curve. Finally, path dependence may lock certain technologies in place, as in the QWERTY keyboard. A disruptive technology is a new technological innovation, product, or service that eventually overturns the existing dominant technology in the market, despite the fact that the disruptive technology is both radically different from the leading technology and that it often initially performs worse than the leading technology according to existing...
Path-dependence exists when the outcome of a process depends on its past history, on the entire sequence of decisions made by agents and resulting outcomes, and not just on contemporary conditions. ...
See also Book cover Crossing the Chasm is a marketing book by Geoffrey A. Moore that focuses on the specifics of marketing high tech products. ...
Diffusion, being the spontaneous spreading of matter (particles), heat, or momentum, is one type of transport phenomena. ...
Diffusion is the process by which a new idea or new product is accepted by the market. ...
A disruptive technology is a new technological innovation, product, or service that eventually overturns the existing dominant technology in the market, despite the fact that the disruptive technology is both radically different from the leading technology and that it often initially performs worse than the leading technology according to existing...
This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...
Opinion leadership is a concept that arose out of the theory of two-step flow of communication propounded by Paul Lazarsfeld and Elihu Katz. ...
Path-dependence exists when the outcome of a process depends on its past history, on the entire sequence of decisions made by agents and resulting outcomes, and not just on contemporary conditions. ...
In chemistry and other physical sciences, percolation is a type of filtering. ...
The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is an information systems theory that models how users come to accept and use a technology. ...
Most new technologies follow a similar technology lifecycle. ...
The two-step flow model was propouded by Paul Lazarsfeld and Elihu Katz. ...
The logistic function or logistic curve models the S-curve of growth of some set P. The initial stage of growth is approximately exponential; then, as competition arises, the growth slows, and at maturity, growth stops. ...
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