The general meaning of monoecious or monoicous, monocous (from Greek: mono, single, oikos, house) is having male and female reproductive organs in the same plant or animal, as opposed to dioecious or diocious (Greek: dia (diairo: "divide") + oikos, "house"). An expert is someone widely recognized as a reliable source of knowledge, technique, or skill whose judgment is accorded authority and status by the public or their peers. ...

Synonymous with "mono-*" is syno-*. Synonymous with "dio-*" are paro-* and hetero-*. For example, "synoecious", "heteroecious", and other combinations.

In zoology, the preferred terminology has become hermaphrodite, rather than "monoecious", while botany has a more specific usage of the terms. An exception are lower animals, e.g., the phylum of annelids (that covers worms and leeches): they may be dioecious (the same animal bears both ova and sperm) or monoecious. The 1st-century BC sculpture The Reclining Hermaphrodite, in the Museo Palazzo Massimo Alle Terme in Rome In zoology, a hermaphrodite is an organism of a species whose members possess both male and female sexual organs during their lives. ... Botany is the scientific study of plantlife. ... Phylum (plural: phyla) is a taxon used in the classification of life, adopted from the Greek phylai the clan-based voting groups in Greek city-states. ... Classes and subclasses Class Polychaeta (paraphyletic?) Class Clitellata    Oligochaeta - Earthworms and others    Acanthobdellida    Branchiobdellida    Hirudinea - Leeches Class Myzostomida Class Archiannelida (polyphyletic) Class Echiura *Some authors consider the subclasses under Clitellata to be classes The annelids, collectively called Annelida, are a large phylum of animals, comprising the segmented worms, with about... A worm is an elongated soft-bodied invertebrate animal. ... Orders Arhynchobdellida Rhynchobdellida *There is some dispute as to whether Hirudinea should be a class itself, or a subclass of the Clitellata. ... A human ovum An ovum (loosely, egg or egg cell) is a female sex cell or gamete. ... The signifier sperm can refer to: (mass noun, from Greek sperma = seed) a substance which consists of spermatozoa and which is a component of semen (mass noun) semen itself (informally, count noun with plural sperm or sperms) a single spermatozoon (= sperm cell) sperma ceti (Latin ceti, genitive of cetus = whale...

A monoecious plant produces male and female gametophytes in the same sporophyte, in constrast to dioecious plants, in which a single plant may have only either male or female organs. See Sexual reproduction of plants. Divisions Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta - liverworts Anthocerotophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering plants Adiantum pedatum (a fern... A gametophyte is the haploid structure or phase of life of a sexually reproducing plant. ... A sporophyte is the diploid structure or phase of life of a sexually reproducing plant. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Plant sexuality. ...

• Monoecious - having unisexual flowers, conifer cones, or functionally equivalent structures of both sexes appearing on the same plant;
• Dioecious - having unisexual flowers, conifer cones, or functionally equivalent structures occurring on different individuals;
• Because many dioecious conifers show a tendency towards monoecy (that is, a female plant may sometimes produce small numbers of male cones or vice versa), these species are termed subdioecious.

Orders & Families Cordaitales † Pinales   Pinaceae - Pine family   Araucariaceae - Araucaria family   Podocarpaceae - Yellow-wood family   Sciadopityaceae - Umbrella-pine family   Cupressaceae - Cypress family   Cephalotaxaceae - Plum-yew family   Taxaceae - Yew family Vojnovskyales † Voltziales † The conifers, division Pinophyta, are one of 13 or 14 division level taxa within the Kingdom Plantae. ...

Bryophyte sexuality

Bryophyte are generally gametophyte-oriented; that is, the normal plant is the haploid gametophyte, with the only diploid structure being the sporangium in season. As a result, bryophyte sexuality is very different from that of other plants. There are two basic categories of sexuality in bryophytes: Bryophytes are embryophyte plants (land plants) that are nevertheless non-vascular: they have tissues and enclosed reproductive systems, but they lack vascular tissue that circulates liquids. ... A gametophyte is the haploid structure or phase of life of a sexually reproducing plant. ... Haploid (meaning simple in Greek) cells have only one copy of each chromosome. ... Diploid (meaning double in Greek) cells have two copies (homologs) of each chromosome (both sex- and non-sex determining chromosomes), usually one from the mother and one from the father. ... A sporangium (pl. ...

• Monoicous bryophytes produce both antheridia (male organs) and archegonia (female organs) on the same plant body.
• Dioicous bryophytes produce only antheridia or archegonia on a single plant body.

Some bryophyte species may be either monoicous or dioicous depending on environmental conditions. Other species grow exclusively with one type of sexuality. Diagram of antheridium anatomy An antheridium (plural: antheridia) is a structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants producing and containing the spermatids or male gametes. ... An archegonium (pl: archegonia) (from the Greek arche = beginning and gonos = born) is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants producing and containing the ovum or female gamete. ... Diagram of antheridium anatomy An antheridium (plural: antheridia) is a structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants producing and containing the spermatids or male gametes. ... An archegonium (pl: archegonia) (from the Greek arche = beginning and gonos = born) is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants producing and containing the ovum or female gamete. ...

Occasionally the terms "monoecious (dioecious)" and "monoicous (dioicous)" may be used interchangeably, but there is a tencency to restrict monoecious and dioecious only to seed plants, which refer to whether or not an individual sporophyte plant bears one or both kinds of gametophyte. The spermatophytes (also known as phanerogams) comprise those plants that produce seeds. ... A sporophyte is the diploid structure or phase of life of a sexually reproducing plant. ...