Taken from Image:WMD.png by Wapcaplet File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. Click on date to download the file or see the image uploaded on that date. (del) (cur) 17:24, 20 Nov 2004 . . Prisonblues...
This article forms part of the series Dressing the wounded during a gas attack by Austin O. Spare, 1918. Chemical warfare is warfare (and associated military operations) using the toxic properties of chemical substances to kill, injure or incapacitate the enemy. Chemical warfare is different from the use of conventional weapons or nuclear weapons because the destructive... Chemical warfare
(A subset of Weapons of Mass Destruction is also the name of rapper Xzibits 2004 album. Weapons of mass destruction (WMD) are weapons designed to kill large numbers of people, typically targeting civilians and military personnel alike. Some types of WMDs are considered to have a psychological impact rather than a strictly... Weapons of mass destruction)
Lethal agents
Categories: Stub | Chemical weapons ... Blood agents
Categories: Stub | Chemical weapons ... Cyanogen chloride
Hydrogen cyanide is a chemical compound with chemical formula H-C≡N. A solution of hydrogen cyanide in water is called hydrocyanic acid or prussic acid. Pure hydrogen cyanide is a colorless, very poisonous, and highly volatile liquid that boils sligthly above room temperature at 26 °C, thereby generating... Hydrogen cyanide
Categories: Stub | Chemical weapons ... Blister agents
Chemical structure of Lewisite Lewisite is a chemical compound from a chemical family called arsines. While it is a colourless and odourless liquid when pure it is usually found as a oily, brown liquid with a distinct odour similar to geraniums. It is a chemical weapon, acting as a vesicant... Lewisite
Chemical Structure of Mustard Gas Compound Mustard gas (HD) is a chemical compound that was first used as a chemical weapon in World War I. In pure form, it is a colourless, odourless, viscous liquid at room temperature and causes blistering of the skin. The name comes from impure mustard... Sulfur mustard gas (HD and THD, HT)
Nerve agents (also known as nerve gases, though these chemicals are liquid at room temperature) are a class of phosphorus-containing organic chemicals (organophosphates) that inhibit the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in animals. As chemical weapons, they are classified as weapons of mass destruction by the United Nations according to UN Resolution... Nerve agents
G-Agents
GA ( Tabun or GA (Ethyl N,N-dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate) is an extremely toxic substance that is one of the worlds most dangerous weapons of war. Because it fatally interferes with normal functioning of the mammalian nervous system, it is classified as a nerve agent. As a chemical weapon, it is classified... tabun), GB ( If you are looking for the finch, see Serin Sarin or GB (O-Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate) is an extrememly toxic substance that is one of the worlds most dangerous weapons of war. As a chemical weapon, it is classified as a weapon of mass destruction by the United Nations according... sarin) GD ( Soman or GD (O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate) is an extrememly toxic substance that is one of the worlds most dangerous weapons of war. Because it fatally interferes with normal functioning of the mammalian nervous system, it is classified as a nerve agent. As a chemical weapon, it is classified as... soman), GF ( Cyclosarin or GF (Cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate) is an extrememly toxic substance that is one of the worlds most dangerous weapons of war. It the most obscure member of the G-series family of nerve agents, a group of chemical weapon discovered and synthesized by a German team, led by Dr... cyclosarin)
V-Agents
VE (S-(Diethylamino)ethyl O-ethyl ethylphosphonothioate) is a V-series nerve agent closely related to the better-known VX nerve gas. Like most of the agents in the V-series (with the exception of VX), VE has not been extensively studied outside of military science. Little is known about... VE, VG (also called Amiton or Tetram) is a V-series nerve agent closely related to the better-known VX nerve gas. Tetram is the common Russian name for the substance. Like most of the agents in the V-series (with the exception of VX), VG has not been extensively studied... VG, VM (Phosphonothioic acid, methyl-, S-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl) O-ethyl ester) is a V-series nerve agent closely related to the better-known VX nerve gas. Like most of the agents in the V-series (with the exception of VX), VM has not been extensively studied outside of military science... VM, 1., VX is the name of a nerve poison gas, a chemical weapon of mass destruction. 2., VX is shorthand for virus exchange, which is the illegal on-line swapping of malware files by computer underground communities. ... VX
Categories: Chemical weapons | Stub ... Pulmonary agents
General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Series halogens Group, Period, Block 17 (VIIA), 3, p Density, Hardness 3.214 kg/m3 (273 K), NA Appearance yellowish green Atomic properties Atomic weight 35.453 amu Atomic radius (calc.) 100 pm (79) pm Covalent radius 99 pm van der Waals radius... Chlorine
Phosgene (also known as carbonyl chloride, C O Cl2) is a highly toxic gas or refrigerated liquid that was used as a chemical weapon in World War I. It has no color, but is detectable in air by its odor, which resembles moldy hay. It is a manufactured chemical, but... Phosgene
Diphosgene
Non-lethal agents
The term incapacitating agent is defined by the U.S. Department of Defense as An agent that produces temporary physiological or mental effects, or both, which will render individuals incapable of concerted effort in the performance of their assigned duties. Incapacitating agents are not primarily intended to kill, but supposedly... Incapacitating agents
3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) is an odorless military incapacitating agent. Its NATO code is BZ. The Iraqi incapacitating agent Agent 15 is believed to either be the same as or closely related to BZ. BZ is a glycolate anticholinergic compound related to atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine. Dispersal would be as... BZ / Agent 15
KOLOKOL-1 is an opiate-derived incapacitating agent. It takes effect very quickly, within one to three seconds, rendering its victims unconscious for two to six hours. Little else is known about this agent. According to Lev Fyodorov, a former Soviet chemical weapons scientist who now heads the independent Council... KOLOKOL-1
A riot control agent is a type of lachrymatory agent (or lacrimatory agent). These are chemical compounds, such as benzyl bromide, that causes the eyes to sting and water. Any chemical which has this effect may be called lachrymatory, but riot control agent or tear gas implies a lachrymatory chemical... Riot control agents
Pepper spray is a non-lethal chemical agent which is used in riot control and personal self-defense. The active ingredient in pepper spray is capsaicin, which is a chemical derived from the fruit of plants in the Capsicum genus, including chiles. Pepper spray is also known as OC spray... Pepper spray

Structure of chemical warfare agent diphosgene. Made myself with CS ChemDraw File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. Click on date to download the file or see the image uploaded on that date. (del) (cur) 04:36...

Structure of chemical warfare agent diphosgene. Made myself with CS ChemDraw File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. Click on date to download the file or see the image uploaded on that date. (del) (cur) 04:36...

Diphosgene (ClCO₂CCl₃)

Diphosgene (Trichloromethyl chloroformate, ClCO₂CCl₃) is a chemical originally developed for Dressing the wounded during a gas attack by Austin O. Spare, 1918. Chemical warfare is warfare (and associated military operations) using the toxic properties of chemical substances to kill, injure or incapacitate the enemy. Chemical warfare is different from the use of conventional weapons or nuclear weapons because the destructive... chemical warfare, a few months after the first use of Phosgene (also known as carbonyl chloride, C O Cl2) is a highly toxic gas or refrigerated liquid that was used as a chemical weapon in World War I. It has no color, but is detectable in air by its odor, which resembles moldy hay. It is a manufactured chemical, but... phosgene. At room temperature it is a stable colourless liquid with a The vapor pressure is the pressure (if the vapor is mixed with other gases, the partial pressure) of a vapor. At any given temperature, for a particular substance, there is a pressure at which the vapor of that substance is in equilibrium with its liquid or solid forms. This is... vapour pressure of 10 mmHg @ 20 °C. It decomposes to Phosgene (also known as carbonyl chloride, C O Cl2) is a highly toxic gas or refrigerated liquid that was used as a chemical weapon in World War I. It has no color, but is detectable in air by its odor, which resembles moldy hay. It is a manufactured chemical, but... phosgene around 300 °C.

The Vapor (US English) or vapour (British English) is the gaseous state of matter. Although vapor and gas are frequently used interchangeably, vapor often carries the connotation of gaseous matter in a state of equilibrium with identical matter in a liquid or solid state. See the entry on vapor pressure for... vapour is a lung irritant and has an LC₁₀₀ for Genera Pentalagus Bunolagus Nesolagus Romerolagus Brachylagus Sylvilagus Oryctolagus Poelagus Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae, found in many parts of the world. There are seven different genera in the family classified as rabbits, including the European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), cottontail rabbits (genus Sylvilagus; 13 species), and the Amami... rabbits at a concentration of 0.9 mg/l of air.

Diphosgene was used as a poisonous gas in Historically, artillery refers to any engine used for the discharge of projectiles during war. The term also describes ground-based troops with the primary function of manning such weapons. Continental Artillery crew from the American Revolution Modern Artillery Modern artillery is distinguished by its large calibre, firing an explosive shell... artillery shells by The Federal Republic of Germany ( German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland) is one of the worlds leading industrialised countries, located in the heart of Europe. Due to its central location, Germany has more neighbours than any other European country: these are Denmark in the north, Poland and the Czech Republic in the... Germany during Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. Battle aftermath. Remains of the Chateau Wood World War I, also known as the First World War, the Great War, the War of the Nations, and the War to End All Wars, was a world conflict occurring from 1914 to... World War I. The first recorded battlefield use was in May of 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. Impressionist Monet paints Water Lilies. January 8 - Allied forces withdraw from Gallipoli January 17 - The Professional Golfers Association... 1916. Diphosgene was developed because the vapours could destroy the filters in A gas mask is a mask worn on the face to protect the body from airborne pollutants and toxins. The mask may cover the eyes and other vulnerable soft tissues of the face, and will always form a sealed cover over the nose and mouth. Toxins may be gaseous (for... gas masks in use at the time.

Being a liquid, diphosgene is safer to handle and easier to measure than phosgene gas, which makes it a popular substitute for phosgene in the laboratory.

See also

• Chemical Structure of Triphosgene Triphosgene (Bis(trichloromethyl) carbonate, C3Cl6O3) is a chemical compound that is used as a substitute for phosgene. At room temperature, the compounds is a white crystalline solid that decomposes around 130 °C. The decomposition temperature of impure samples is lower. Being a solid, even small... triphosgene

External links

• medical care guide (http://author.emedicine.com/EMERG/topic906.htm).
• NATO guide (http://www.nbc-med.org/SiteContent/MedRef/OnlineRef/FieldManuals/fm8_285/PART_I/chapter5.htm), includes treatment advice
• material safety data sheet (http://www.boc.com/gases/pdf/msds/G067.pdf) (PDF, for phosgene and diphosgene treated as one).