Note that in some countries, such as the United Kingdom and Australia, such a document is called a testamur or testimonium, whilst in Ireland it is generally called a parchment.
As an academic award
In some countries, such as Australia, a diploma is a specific academic award of lower rank than an academic degree. In Ireland a National Diploma is below the standard of the honours bachelor degree, whilst the Higher Diploma is taken after the bachelor degree. In Germany and Austria the diploma (in German Diplom) is the standard academic degree, comparable with the Master's degree. In Hong Kong, higher diploma and associate degree are below the standard of the honours bachelor degree. Certificate (not to be confused with postgraduate certificate) and diploma are below the standard of higher diploma and associate degree. Postgraduate certificate and postgraduate diploma are taken after the bachelor degree, and are more vocational oriented than master's degree.
Diploma mills can require little or no work but the result is the same, a degree that has no value and is meaningless.
Some of these foreign diploma mills claim to have approval from the education ministry of their country to offer degrees, when, in reality, they're operating without the knowledge of the country.
These organizations work on behalf of diploma mills to ensure that degrees from these schools are determined to be comparable to a degree that is received from an accredited U.S. institution.
A diploma (from Greek diploma) is a certificate or deed issued by an educational institution, such as a university, that testifies that the recipient has successfully completed a particular course of study, or confers an academic degree.
In Ireland a National Diploma is below the standard of the honours bachelor degree, whilst the Higher Diploma is taken after the bachelor degree.
In Germany the diploma (in German Diplom) is the standard academic degree, comparable with the Master's degree.
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