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Encyclopedia > Dipyridamole
Dipyridamole
Systematic (IUPAC) name
2-{[9-(bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-2,7-bis(1-piperidyl)-
3,5,8,10-tetrazabicyclo[4.4.0]deca-2,4,7,9,11-pentaen-
4-yl]-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino}ethanol
Identifiers
CAS number 58-32-2
ATC code B01AC07
PubChem 3108
DrugBank APRD00360
Chemical data
Formula C24H40N8O4 
Mol. mass 504.626 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability  ?
Protein binding 99%
Metabolism  ?
Half life 40 minutes
Excretion  ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

B Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System is used for the classification of drugs. ... A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ... PubChem is a database of chemical molecules. ... The DrugBank database available at the University of Alberta is a unique bioinformatics and cheminformatics resource that combines detailed drug (i. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... General Name, Symbol, Number carbon, C, 6 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 14, 2, p Appearance black (graphite) colorless (diamond) Standard atomic weight 12. ... General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ... General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Standard atomic weight 15. ... The molecular mass (abbreviated MM) of a substance, formerly also called molecular weight and abbreviated as MW, is the mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic mass unit u (equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12). ... BIC pen cap, about 1 gram. ... The mole (symbol: mol) is the SI base unit that measures an amount of substance. ... In pharmacology, bioavailability is used to describe the fraction of an administered dose of unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation, one of the principal pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. ... A drugs efficacy may be affected by the degree to which it binds to the proteins within blood plasma. ... Drug metabolism is the metabolism of drugs, their biochemical modification or degradation, usually through specialized enzymatic systems. ... It has been suggested that Effective half-life be merged into this article or section. ... Excretion is the process of eliminating waste products of metabolism and other materials that are of no use. ... The pregnancy category of a pharmaceutical agent is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical, if it is used as directed by the mother during pregnancy. ...

Legal status
Routes PO, IV

Dipyridamole is a drug that inhibits platelet aggregation and causes vasodilation. The regulation of therapeutic goods, that is drugs and therapeutic devices, varies by jurisdiction. ... In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body 1. ... Oral medication A medication is any drug taken to cure or reduce the symptoms of an illness or ongoing medical condition. ... A 250 ml bag of newly collected platelets. ... The blood vessels are part of the circulatory system and function to transport blood throughout the body. ...

Contents

Adenosine is a nucleoside comprised of adenine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) moiety via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. ... Human red blood cells Red blood cells are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate bodys principal means of delivering oxygen from the lungs or gills to body tissues via the blood. ... The endothelium is the layer of thin, flat cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. ... Ribbon diagram of the enzyme TIM, surrounded by the space-filling model of the protein. ... Adenosine deaminase (sometimes known as ADA) is an enzyme in the purine metabolism. ... Adenosine is a nucleoside comprised of adenine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) moiety via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. ... Inosine is a molecule (known as a nucleoside) that is formed when hypoxanthine is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. ... A phosphodiesterase (PDE) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds. ... Camp may mean: Gatherings of people: Campsite Temporary settlement of a band of foragers. ... Adenylate cyclase Adenylate cyclase (EC 4. ... An arteriole is a blood vessel that extends and branches out from an artery and leads to capillaries. ... Cultured Smooth muscle of the aorta. ...

Use in individuals with a history of stroke

Modified release dipyridamole is used in conjunction with aspirin (under the trade name Aggrenox®) in the secondary prevention of stroke and transient ischemic attack.[1] This practice is now confirmed by the ESPRIT trial. Aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid (acetosal) is a drug in the family of salicylates, often used as an analgesic (against minor pains and aches), antipyretic (against fever), and anti-inflammatory. ... Stroke is the clinical designation for a rapidly developing loss of brain function due to an interruption in the blood supply to all or part of the brain. ... Transient ischemic attacks (TIA) are caused by temporary disturbance of blood supply to a restricted area of brain and cause recurrent and brief (less than 24 hours) neurologic dysfunctions. ...


It is not, however, licensed as monotherapy for stroke prophylaxis.


Use in nuclear stress testing

Dipyridamole (Persantine) is also used in nuclear cardiac stress testing as a coronary vasodilator. Shown above is the bone scintigraphy of a young woman. ... Stress testing is a form of testing that is used to determine the stability of a given system or entity. ...

  • Via the mechanisms mentioned above, it increases the local concentration of adenosine in the coronary circulation which causes vasodilation.
  • Vasodilation occurs in healthy arteries, whereas stenosed arteries remain narrowed. This creates a "steal" phenomenon where the coronary blood supply will increase to the dilated healthy vessels at the expense of the stenosed arteries which can then be detected by clinical symptoms of chest pain, electrocardiogram and echocardiography when it causes ischemia.
  • Flow heterogeneity (a necessary precursor to ischemia) can be detected with gamma cameras and SPECT using nuclear imaging agents such as Thallium-201 and Tc99m-Sestamibi.

A stenosis is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure. ... “QRS” redirects here. ... An echocardiogram. ... Diagrammatic cross section of a gamma camera detector A gamma camera is an imaging device, most commonly used as a medical imaging device in nuclear medicine. ... SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) is a nuclear medicine tomographic imaging technique using gamma rays. ... General Name, Symbol, Number thallium, Tl, 81 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 13, 6, p Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 204. ... Technetium-99m is a metastable nuclear isomer of technetium-99, symbolized as 99mTc. ... Sestamibi is a radiopharmaceutical used in nuclear medicine imaging. ...

Other uses of dipyridamole

Dipyridamole also has non-medicinal uses in a laboratory context, such as the inhibition of cardiovirus growth in cell culture. Cardioviruses belong to the family of viruses known as Picornaviridae and contains just one species, encephalomyocarditis virus. ... Epithelial cells in culture, stained for keratin (red) and DNA (green) Cell culture is the term applied when cells are grown in a synthetic environment. ...


Overdose

Dipyridamole overdose can be treated with aminophylline[2] and reverses its hemodynamic effects (vasodilation). A drug overdose occurs when a chemical substance (i. ... Aminophylline is a drug combination that contains theophylline and ethylenediamine in 2:1 ratio. ... Hemodynamics is concerned with the forces generated by the heart and the motion of blood through the cardiovascular system. ...


References

  1. ^ Diener HC, Cunha L, Forbes C, Sivenius J, Smets P, Lowenthal A. (1996). "European Stroke Prevention Study 2. Dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke.". J Neurol Sci 143 (1-2): 1-13. PMID 8981292. 
  2. ^ Aggrenox. RxList.com. URL: http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/aggrenox_od.htm. Accessed on: May 1, 2007.
  • Dipyridamole in the laboratory: Fata-Hartley, Cori L.; Ann C. Palmenberg. Dipyridamole reversibly inhibits mengovirus RNA replication. DOI:10.1128/JVI.79.17.11062-11070.2005. Retrieved on 2007-02-13..
v • d • e
Antithrombotics (thrombolytics, anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs) (B01)
Vitamin K antagonists Acenocoumarol • Clorindione • Coumatetralyl • Dicumarol (Dicoumarol) • Diphenadione • Ethyl biscoumacetate • Phenprocoumon • Phenindione • Tioclomarol • Warfarin
Heparin group
(Platelet aggregation inhibitors)		 Antithrombin III • Bemiparin • Dalteparin • Danaparoid • Enoxaparin • Heparin • Nadroparin • Parnaparin • Reviparin • Sulodexide • Tinzaparin
Other platelet
aggregation inhibitors		 Abciximab • Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) • Aloxiprin • Beraprost • Ditazole • Carbasalate calcium • Cloricromen • Clopidogrel • Dipyridamole • Eptifibatide • Indobufen • Iloprost • Picotamide • Prasugrel • Prostacyclin • Ticlopidine • Tirofiban • Treprostinil • Triflusal
Enzymes Alteplase • Ancrod • Anistreplase • Brinase • Drotrecogin alfa • Fibrinolysin • Protein C • Reteplase • Saruplase • Streptokinase • Tenecteplase • Urokinase
Direct thrombin inhibitors Argatroban • Bivalirudin • Dabigatran • Desirudin • Hirudin • Lepirudin • Melagatran • Ximelagatran
Other antithrombotics Defibrotide • Dermatan sulfate • Fondaparinux • Rivaroxaban
Non-medicinal Citrate • EDTA • Oxalate

  Results from FactBites:
 
Anti-Cancer Effect of Dipyridamole - Second Opinions (1310 words)
Reference is also given that dipyridamole tends to prevent this attachment of cancer cells flowing in the blood circulation to the endothelium and thus tends to prevent the formation of metastases.
She treated melanoma with dipyridamole because she is a dermatologist and that is the kind of cancer that she treated.
Dipyridamole, by preventing the formation of the white or platelet thrombus, will also be preventing the formation of a fibrin thrombus.
Dipyridamole - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (236 words)
Dipyridamole is a drug that inhibits platelet aggregation and causes vasodilation.
Modified release dipyridamole is used in conjunction with aspirin (under the trade name Aggrenox®) in the secondary prevention of stroke and transient ischemic attack.
Dipyridamole is also used in nuclear cardiac stress testing as a coronary vasodilator.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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