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The term "disability", as it is applied to humans, refers to any condition that impedes the completion of daily tasks using traditional methods. National governments and global humanitarian agencies have narrowed this definition for their own purposes, only pledging aid to those with specific disabilities of a certain severity. Human beings are defined variously in biological, spiritual, and cultural terms, or in combinations thereof. ...
A government is an organization that has the power to make and enforce laws for a certain territory. ...
Humanitarianism is the view that all people should be treated with the respect and dignity they deserve as human beings, and that advancing the well-being of humanity is a noble goal. ...
Types of disability
"Disability" can be broken down into a number of broad sub-categories, which include the following: Spina bifida describes birth defects caused by an incomplete closure of one or more vertebral arches of the spine, resulting in malformations of the spinal cord. ...
Cerebral palsy or CP is a group of disorders associated with developmental brain injuries that occur during fetal development, birth, or shortly after birth. ...
The nature of autism is not well understood, and a subject of controversy. ...
A child with Down syndrome Down syndrome (also called Downs syndrome) encompasses a number of genetic disorders, of which trisomy 21 (a nondisjunction) is the most representative, causing highly variable degrees of learning difficulties and physical disabilities. ...
The word depression can mean: A decrease of functional activity in behavior patterns. ...
Schizophrenia is a psychiatric diagnosis denoting a persistent, often chronic, mental illness variously affecting behavior, thinking, and emotion. ...
The evolution of a movement Historically, disabilities have often been cast in a negative light. An individual thus affected was seen as being a “patient” subject either to cure or to ongoing medical care. His condition is seen as disabling; the social reactions to it are justified, and the barriers unavoidable. This position is known as the medical model of disability. According to the classic medical notion of disability: disability is a physical condition it is intrinsic to the individual (it is part of that individual’s own body) it reduces the individual’s quality of life and causes clear disadvantages a disabled person is different from what is normal (and...
Over the past 20 years, a competing view known as the social model of disability has come to the fore. In this model, disability is seen more as a social construction than a medical reality. An individual may be impaired by a condition that requires daily living adaptations, but the bulk of his problem - his disability - can be found in the attitudinal and physical barriers erected by society. The social model of disability recognises that some people have impairments which affect how they function physically or mentally. ...
Both the medical and social models agree, to a point, that facilities and opportunities should be made as accessible as possible to individuals who require adaptations. Dismantling physical barriers, or setting up adaptations such as wheelchair ramps, is known as "fostering accessibility". Accessibility is a general term used to describe how easy it is for people to get to, use, and understand things. ...
The language and terminology of disability Lately, the term disability has replaced the older designation handicapped. While these two designations can be used interchangeably, proponents of the social model of disability have appropriated the latter term to describe those social and economic consequences of the former. An individual with a physical or intellectual disability, then, is said to be "handicapped" by the lowered expectations of society. See also: Handicap (competition) Handicapped is an adjective used to refer to a person or animal who is partially disabled or unable to use a limb or limbs. ...
A person may also be "impaired" either by a correctable condition such as myopia, or by an uncorrectable one such as cerebral palsy. For those with mild conditions, related impairments disappear with the application of corrective devices. More serious impairments call for adaptive equipment. Normal vision for a achromatopsic colour-blind person. ...
Cerebral palsy or CP is a group of disorders associated with developmental brain injuries that occur during fetal development, birth, or shortly after birth. ...
In the United Kingdom, people within the disability rights movement commonly use the term "Disabled" to denote someone who is "disabled by society's inability to accommodate all of its inhabitants." The disability rights movement aims to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities. ...
The Person First Movement has added another layer to this discourse by asking that people with disabilities be identified first as individuals. "Person First Language" -- referring, for example, to a “woman who is blind,” rather than to "a blind woman" - is a form of political correctness designed to further the aims of the social model by removing attitudinal barriers. Political correctness is the alteration of language to redress real or alleged injustices and discrimination or to avoid offense. ...
Some people with disabilities support the Person First Movement, while others do not. People who are Deaf in particular may see themselves as members of a specific community, properly called the Deaf culture, and so will reject efforts designed to distance them from the central fact of their identity. The word deaf, can have very different meanings based on the background of the person speaking or the context in which the word is used. ...
Deaf community and Deaf culture are two phrases used to refer to persons who are culturally Deaf as opposed to those who are deaf from the medical/ audiological/ pathological perspective. ...
A human rights based approach has been adopted by many organizations of and for disabled people. In 2000, for example, the United Nations Assembly decided to start working on a comprehensive convention for the rights of disabled people.
An approach that has lead to tangible improvements in the lives of people with disabilities in many countries has been the Independent Living Movement. The term "Independent Living" was taken from 1959 California legislation that enabled people disabled by polio to leave hospital wards and move back into the community with the help of cash benefits for the purchase of personal assistance with the activities of daily living. With its origins in the US civil rights and consumer movements of the late 1960s the movement and its philosophy have since spread to other continents influencing disabled people's self-perception, their ways of organizing themselves and their countries' social policy.
Well-known people with disabilities Many people with disabilities have contributed to society. These include: - American president Franklin Roosevelt (impaired movement as the result of polio),
- classical composer Ludwig von Beethoven (deaf in later years),
- musician Stevie Wonder (blind),
- Def Leppard drummer Rick Allen (lost left arm in a car accident),
- comedian, actor, author, and monologist Greg Walloch (cerebral palsy),
- civil rights activist Helen Keller (deaf and blind),
- Stephen Hawking (who has Motor Neurone Disease and uses a wheelchair and speech synthesizer),
- Deng Pufang - paraplegic
- British rock and roll singer/songwriter Ian Dury
- and many others.
Poliomyelitis (polio), or infantile paralysis, is a viral paralytic disease. ...
Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptized December 17, 1770 – March 26, 1827) was a German composer of Classical music, the predominant musical figure in the transitional period between the Classical and Romantic eras. ...
Stevie Wonder is a legend in rock and pop music history. ...
Def Leppard. ...
Rick Allen is the 2 non-related people with different occupations: Rick Allen, the SPEED Channel commentator. ...
Cerebral palsy or CP is a group of disorders associated with developmental brain injuries that occur during fetal development, birth, or shortly after birth. ...
Helen Adams Keller (June 27, 1880 – June 1, 1968) was a deaf and blind American author, activist, and lecturer. ...
Stephen Hawking. ...
Motor Neurone Disease (MND) is a term used to cover a number of illnesses of the motor neurone. ...
Deng Pufang (邓朴方 pinyin deng4 pu2 fang1), (born in 1944), is the first son of Deng Xiaoping and his third wife Zhuo Lin. ...
Ian Dury (May 12, 1942 - March 27, 2000) was a rock and roll singer, songwriter, and bandleader. ...
See also Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: File links The following pages link to this file: Abraham Lincoln Aristotle Ayn Rand Adolf Hitler Al Gore Animal Farm Aldous Huxley Arthur Koestler Arthur Schopenhauer Animal Albert Einstein Art Abortion Apocalypse Now Alfred Hitchcock Alexander Graham Bell Andy Warhol Afrika Bambaataa Arthur C. Clarke Atheism Arthur Conan Doyle A...
Wikiquote is a sister project of Wikipedia, using the same MediaWiki software. ...
A disabled person is one who has a condition called a disability that interferes with his or her abiltiy to perform one or more activities of everyday living. ...
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 is the short title of United States Public Law 101_336, signed into law on July 26, 1990 by George H. W. Bush. ...
Assistive Technology (AT) is a generic term that includes assistive, adaptive, and rehabilitative devices and the process used in selecting, locating, and using them. ...
Cyborg theory was created by Donna Haraway in order to critique traditional notions of feminism. ...
At its most basic, the term “etiquette” refers to a set of rules - written and unwritten - governing what constitutes socially acceptable behavior under a variety of circumstances. ...
The Disability Discrimination Act is a UK parliamentary act of 1995, which makes it unlawful to discriminate against people in respect of their disabilities in relation to employment, the provision of goods and services, education and transport. ...
Human variability, or human variation, refers to the range of possible values for any measurable characteristic, physical or mental, of human beings. ...
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, also known as ICF, is a health status classification of functioning and disability due to the consequences of disease. ...
In broad terms, the phrase learning disability covers any of a range of conditions that affect a persons ability to learn new information. ...
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