Disabled sports are sports played by persons with a disability, including physical and intellectual disabilities. As many of these based on existing sports modified to meet the needs of persons with a disability, they are sometimes referred to as adapted sports. However, not all disabled sports are adapted; several sports that have been specifically created for persons with a disability have no equivalent in able-bodied sports. The term disability, as it is applied to humans, refers to any condition that impedes the completion of daily tasks using traditional methods. ... Developmental disability is a term used to describe severe, life-long disabilities attributable to mental and/or physical impairments, manifested before the age of 22. ...

A List Of Disability Sports Events Staged For 2007

Organization and History

Oscar Pistorius at the 2004 Paralympics.

Organized sport for athletes with a disability is generally divided into three broad disability groups: the deaf, persons with physical disabilities, and persons with intellectual disabilities. Each group has a distinct history, organization, competition program, and approach to sport. Image File history File links Oscar_Pistorius2. ... Image File history File links Oscar_Pistorius2. ... Pistorius at the 2004 Paralympics Oscar Pistorius (born November 22, 1986 in Pretoria, Gauteng Province) is a South African Paralympic athlete. ... The word deaf can have very different meanings depending on the background of the person speaking or the context in which the word is used. ... The term disability, as it is applied to humans, refers to any condition that impedes the completion of daily tasks using traditional methods. ... Developmental disability is a term used to describe severe, life-long disabilities attributable to mental and/or physical impairments, manifested before the age of 22. ...

Formal international competition in deaf sport began with the 1924 Paris Silent Games, organized by the Comité International des Sports des Sourds, CISS (The International Committee of Sports for the Deaf). These games evolved into the modern Deaflympics, governed by the CISS. The CISS maintains separate games for deaf athletes based on their numbers, their special communication needs on the sports field, and the social interaction that is a vital part of sports.[1] Deaflympics (previously called Deaf World Games) the Games are for deaf people to compete at an elite level. ...

Organized sport for persons with physical disabilities developed out of rehabilitation programs. Following the Second World War, in response to the needs of large numbers injured ex-service members and civilians, sport was introduced as a key part of rehabilitation. Sport for rehabilitation grew into recreational sport and then into competitive sport. The pioneer of this approach was Sir Ludwig Guttmann of the Stoke Mandeville Hospital in England. In 1948, while the Olympic Games were being held in London, he organized a sports competition for wheelchair athletes at Stoke Mandeville. This was the origin of the Stoke Mandeville Games, which evolved into the modern Paralympic Games. Currently, Paralympic sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee, in conjunction with a wide range of other international sport organizations.[2] Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... Sir Ludwig Poppa Guttmann (July 3, 1899 - March 18, 1980) was a German neurologist who founded the Paralympics and is considered one of the founding fathers of organized physical activities for the disabled. ... (Redirected from 1948 Olympic Games) There were two Olympic Games in the year 1948: 1948 Summer Olympics 1948 Winter Olympics This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The World Wheelchair Games formally known as Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Games or Stoke Mandeville Games, which gave birth to the Paralympics is an annual event held in Stoke Mandeville (except in the year when the Summer Paralympics are held and in 1999 when held in New Zealand). ... Silver 2004 The Paralympic Games are an elite multi-sport event for athletes with a disability. ... Wheelchair tennis, a Paralympic sport Paralympic sport is the umbrella term for a wide range of sports for persons with physical disabilities. ... The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) is an international non-profit organisation of elite sports for athletes with disabilities. ...

Sport for persons with intellectual disabilities began to be organized in the 1960s through the Special Olympics movement. This grew out of a series of summer camps organized by Eunice Kennedy Shriver, beginning in 1962. In 1968 the first international Special Olympics were held, in Chicago. Today, Special Olympics provides training and competition in a variety of sports for persons with intellectual disabilities.[3] Special Olympics is an international organization created to help people with intellectual disabilities develop self-confidence and social skills through sports training and competition. ... Zurab Tsereteli with Eunice Kennedy Shriver (right) Eunice Mary Kennedy Shriver (born July 10, 1921 in Brookline, Massachusetts), USA, is a member of the Kennedy family. ...

In 1986, the International Sports Federation for Persons with Intellectual Disability (INAS-FID) was formed to support elite competition for athletes with intellectual disabilities. This was established in contrast to the more participative, "sport for all" approach of Special Olympics. For a time, athletes with intellectual disabilities were included in the Paralympic Games. After a cheating scandal at the 2000 Summer Paralympics, where a number of athletes participating in intellectual disability events were revealed to not be disabled, INAS-FID athletes were banned from Paralympic competition. Work is on-going to reintegrate these athletes into the Paralympic movement. [4] See also: 2000 Summer Olympics External links Sydney 2000 Paralympic Games - archived websites in PANDORA Categories: Summer Paralympic Games | Australian sport | 2000 in sports ...

Sports

There are a wide range of sports that have been adapted to be played by people with varying types of disability, as well as several that are unique to disabled sports. Within each movement, different sports are practiced at different levels; for example, not all sports in the Paralympic movement are part of the Paralympic Games. In addition, many sports are practiced by persons with a disability outside the formal sports movements.

Alpine skier carving a turn on piste Alpine skiing (or downhill skiing) is a recreational activity and sport involving sliding down snow-covered hills with long, thin skis attached to each foot. ... A womens 400 metre hurdles race on a typical outdoor red rubber track. ... The Danish Olympic badminton player Peter Gade Badminton is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs (doubles). ... Sara Giauro shoots a three-point shot, FIBA Europe Cup for Women Finals 2005. ... A beach volleyball game in progress Beach volleyball in Vancouver Beach volleyball has evolved from the popular social games of volleyball played on many beaches around the world. ... Bowling ball and two pins Ten-pin bowling lane Automatic Scorer This article is about the group of games. ... Cross-country skiing (also known as XC skiing) is a winter sport popular in many countries with large snowfields, primarily Northern Europe and Canada. ... Curling is a precision team sport similar to bowls or bocce, played on a rectangular sheet of prepared ice by two teams of four players each, using heavy polished granite stones which players slide down the ice towards a target area called the house. ... Police officer on a bicycle Cycling is a recreation, a sport and a means of transport across land. ... Look up Football in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Handball player leaps towards the goal prior to throwing the ball, while the goalkeeper extends himself trying to stop it. ... Ice hockey, known simply as hockey in areas where it is more common than field hockey, is a team sport played on ice. ... Judo ), meaning gentle way, is a modern Japanese martial art (gendai budō) and combat sport, that originated in Japan in the late nineteenth century. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The international orienteering symbol. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A snowboard with boot bindings A snowboard is a board ridden in snowboarding to descend a snow-covered slope. ... This article concentrates on human swimming. ... Ping Pong redirects here. ... Taekwondo is the Korean national sport and martial art, and is also one of the worlds most commonly practiced sports. ... A tennis net Tennis is a game played between either two players (singles) or two teams of two players (doubles). Players use a stringed racquet to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net into the opponents court. ... Volleyball is an Olympic sport in which two teams separated by a high net use their hands, arms, or (rarely) other parts of their bodies to hit a ball back and forth over the net. ... Water polo is a team water sport, which can be best described as a combination of swimming, football, basketball, ice hockey, rugby and wrestling. ... The Wrestlers (Pankratiasts) from Uffizi Gallery, Florence. ... Paralympic alpine skiing is an adaptation of alpine skiing for athletes with a disability. ... Paralympic archery is an adaptation of the sport of archery for athletes with a disability. ... Boccia is a competitive sport, similar to bowls (but closer to bocce as the balls are not biased), but designed to be played by people with disabilities _ specifically, cerebral palsy and other locomotor disabilities (those which affect motor skills). ... Paralympic football consists of adaptations of the sport of football (soccer) for athletes with a disability. ... Paralympic football consists of adaptations of the sport of football (soccer) for athletes with a disability. ... Goalball is a team sport designed for blind athletes. ... Ice Hockey Sledge Sledge hockey is a sport that was designed to allow participants who have a physical disability to play the game of ice hockey. ... Paralympic nordic skiing is a Winter Paralympic Games sport consisting of two disciplines: Biathlon Cross-country skiing It is governed by the International Paralympic Committee. ... Table Tennis in the Paralympics follow the rules set by the International Table Tennis Federation although there are slight modifications for wheelchair athletes. ... Ten Pin Bowling Ten-pin bowling is a competitive sport and recreation in which a player (the bowler) rolls a bowling ball down a wooden or synthetic (polyurethane) lane with the objective of scoring points by knocking down as many pins as possible. ... A tennis net Tennis is a game played between either two players (singles) or two teams of two players (doubles). Players use a stringed racquet to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net into the opponents court. ... Paralympic Volleyball Matt Glowacki and 1998 USA Paralympic sit volleyball team Volleyball for disabled athletes entered the Paralympic Games as a demonstration Sport for amputees in 1976 in Toronto Canada. ... The coolest thing ever. ... Wheelchair curling is an adaptation of curling for athletes with a disability. ... Wheelchair Dance Sport is dancing competitition when one of the partners dances and competes on a wheelchair. ... Fencing advertisement for the 1900 Summer Olympic Games This article is about the sport, which is distinguished from stage fencing and academic fencing (mensur). ... Wheelchair rugby refers to adaptation of the sports of rugby union and rugby league for wheelchair users. ... A wheelchair tennis player serving. ... Alpine skier carving a turn on piste Alpine skiing (or downhill skiing) is a recreational activity and sport involving sliding down snow-covered hills with long, thin skis attached to each foot. ... There are a large number of sports that involve water. ... A womens 400 metre hurdles race on a typical outdoor red rubber track. ... The Danish Olympic badminton player Peter Gade Badminton is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs (doubles). ... Sara Giauro shoots a three-point shot, FIBA Europe Cup for Women Finals 2005. ... A set of Bocce balls Bocce is a precision sport closely related to bowls and pétanque with a common ancestry from ancient games played in the Roman Empire. ... Bowling ball and two pins Ten-pin bowling lane Automatic Scorer This article is about the group of games. ... Cross-country skiing (also known as XC skiing) is a winter sport popular in many countries with large snowfields, primarily Northern Europe and Canada. ... Police officer on a bicycle Cycling is a recreation, a sport and a means of transport across land. ... A young rider at a horse show in Australia. ... Figure skating is an ice skating sporting event where individuals, mixed couples, or groups perform spins, jumps, and other moves on the ice, often to music. ... A floorball match (Photo by Henning Rugsveen) Floorball is an indoors team sport played with plastic sticks where the aim is to put a light ball into the other teams goal. ... Look up Football in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Greg Norman on the 18th tee at St Andrews. ... Gymnastics is a sport involving the performance of sequences of movements requiring physical strength, flexibility, balance and kinesthetic awareness, such as handsprings, handstands, forward rolls, aerials and tucks. ... The bench press is one of the three events of powerlifting. ... It has been suggested that road skating,All Terrain skating be merged into this article or section. ... For the songs, see Sailing (song). ... Snowboarder in a half-pipe Snowboarder trail entry Snowboarding is a boardsport that involves descending a snow-covered slope on a snowboard that is attached to ones feet. ... Snowshoers in Bryce Canyon Snowshoes are a form of footwear devised for travelling over snow. ... Softball is a team sport in which a ball, eleven to twelve inches (or rarely, 16 inches) (28 to 30. ... Short track speed skaters racing through a curve. ... Ping Pong redirects here. ... Handball player leaps towards the goal prior to throwing the ball, while the goalkeeper extends himself trying to stop it. ... A tennis net Tennis is a game played between either two players (singles) or two teams of two players (doubles). Players use a stringed racquet to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net into the opponents court. ... Volleyball is an Olympic sport in which two teams separated by a high net use their hands, arms, or (rarely) other parts of their bodies to hit a ball back and forth over the net. ... Blind cricket is a version of the sport of cricket adapted for blind and partially sighted players. ... Blind golf is a version of the sport of golf adapted for blind and partially sighted players. ... Greg Norman on the 18th tee at St Andrews. ...

Inclusion

Beginning in the late 1980s and early 1990s, work began within several countries and organizations to include athletes with disabilities in the able-bodied sport system. This included adding events for athletes with disabilities to major games such as the Olympic Games and the Commonwealth Games, and integration of these athletes into able-bodied sports organizations. [5] Since 1984, the Olympics have included exhibition events for Paralympic athletes. However, integration of full medal events has not taken place, and the status of athletes with a disability in the Olympic movement remains controversial. [6] Within the Commonwealth Games, athletes with a disability were first included in exhibition events in 1994 [7], and at the 2002 Manchester Commonwealth Games they were included as full members of their national teams, making them the first fully inclusive international multi-sport games. [8]. This policy has continued with the 2006 Melbourne Commonwealth Games, where Canadian Chantal Petitclerc became the first athlete with a disability to carry her country's flag in the Opening Ceremonies of an integrated games. [9] The five Olympic rings were designed in 1913, adopted in 1914 and debuted at the Games at Antwerp, 1920. ... Current flag of the Commonwealth Games Federation Locations of the games, and participating countries The Commonwealth Games is a multinational, multi-sport event. ... Countries that competed The 1994 Commonwealth Games were held August 18-28, 1994 in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. ... The 2002 Commonwealth Games were held in Manchester, England from July 25 to August 4. ... The 2006 Commonwealth Games were held in Melbourne, Australia between March 15 and March 26. ... Chantal Petitclerc (born December 15, 1969 in Quebec, Quebec) is a Canadian wheelchair athlete. ...

See also

• Deaflympics
• Paralympics
• Special Olympics

Deaflympics (previously called Deaf World Games) the Games are for deaf people to compete at an elite level. ... Silver 2004 The Paralympic Games are an official equivalent of the Olympics for athletes with physical disabilities. ... Special Olympics is an international organization created to help people with intellectual disabilities develop self-confidence and social skills through sports training and competition. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Disabled sports

• Special Olympics
• Deaflympics
• International Paralympic Committee
• Disabled Sports USA
• Disability Sports Calender For 2007