The interior of a typical Macy's department store.

A department store is a retail establishment which specializes in selling a wide range of products without a single predominant merchandise line. Department stores usually sell products including apparel, furniture, appliances, electronics, and additionally select other lines of products such as paint, hardware, toiletries, cosmetics, photographic equipment, jewelry, toys, and sporting goods. Certain department stores are further classified as discount department stores. Discount department stores commonly have central customer checkout areas, generally in the front area of the store. Department stores are usually part of a retail chain of many stores situated around a country or several countries. Image File history File links Departmentstoreinterior. ... Image File history File links Departmentstoreinterior. ... Macys is a mid-range chain of American department stores with its flagship store in Herald Square, New York City, which has been billed as the worlds largest store since completion of the Seventh Avenue addition in 1924. ... Drawing of a self-service store. ... (See also List of types of clothing) Introduction Humans often wear articles of clothing (also known as dress, garments or attire) on the body (for the alternative, see nudity). ... Furniture is the collective term for the movable objects which support the human body (seating furniture and beds), provide storage, and hold objects on horizontal surfaces above the ground. ... The word appliance has several different areas of meaning, all usually referring to a device with a narrow function: One class of objects includes items that are custom-fitted to an individual for the purpose of correction of a physical problem, such as prosthetic and orthotic appliances. ... The field of electronics is the study and use of systems that operate by controlling the flow of electrons (or other charge carriers) in devices such as thermionic valves and semiconductors. ... Dried green paint Paint is the general term for a family of products used to protect and add color to an object or surface by covering it with a pigmented coating. ... Hardware is the general term that is used to describe physical artifacts of a technology. ... Closeup of a womans eye while wearing makeup Cosmetics or makeup are substances to enhance the beauty of the human body, apart from simple cleaning. ... Jewelry (the American spelling; spelled jewellery in Commonwealth English) consists of ornamental devices worn by persons, typically made with gems and precious metals. ... Teddy bear A toy is something to play with, for children, adults or both, or pets. ... Sports equipment includes any object used for sport or exercise. ... POS must not be confused with EFT/POS and POS Terminal used in Electronic payment POS or PoS is an acronym for point-of-sale (or point of purchase). ... A Target chain store. ...

History

The great Gostiny Dvor in St Petersburg, 1802.

Hudson's Bay Company in Canada was the first store to include departments; however, by modern standards, it would not be considered a department store because of the size and range of items that were stocked. The same may be said about Gostiny Dvor in St Petersburg, which opened in 1785 and should probably be regarded as one of the first purposely-built shopping malls in the world, as it consisted of more than 100 shops covering an area of over 53,000 m². Image File history File linksMetadata Gostiny1802. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Gostiny1802. ... Great Gostiny Dvor in St Petersburg, 1802. ... --69. ... The Hudsons Bay Company (HBC. TSX: HBC) is the oldest commercial corporation in North America and is one of the oldest in the world. ... A store is an enclosure for holding articles. ... Great Gostiny Dvor in St Petersburg, 1802. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1785 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The King of Prussia Mall, one of the largest in the world, located in Pennsylvania, United States For the traditional meaning of the word mall, see pedestrian street or promenade. ...

The first true department store was founded by Aristide Boucicaut in Paris. He founded Bon Marché in 1838, and by 1852 it offered a wide variety of goods in "departments" inside one building. Goods were sold at fixed prices, with guarantees allowing exchanges and refunds. By the end of the 19th century, Georges Dufayel, a French credit merchant, had served up to three million customers and was affiliated with La Samaritaine, a large French department store established in 1870 by a former Bon Marché executive. City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur Tossed by the waves, she does not founder Coordinates : , Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) Administration Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Département Paris (75) Région ÃŽle-de-France Mayor Bertrand Delanoë (PS) City (commune) Characteristics Land Area 86. ... Bon Marche, roughly translated as good price, was the name chosen for a Seattle, Washington department store launched in 1890 by the Nordhoff family. ... | Jöns Jakob Berzelius, discoverer of protein 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Samaritaine at night La Samaritaine is a large department store in Paris, France. ...

The oldest independent department store in the world, until it was recently purchased by House of Fraser, was Jenners in Edinburgh, Scotland, which has maintained its original position on Edinburgh's Princes Street since 1838. House of Fraser is a British department store group with around 60 stores across the country. ... Jenners Jenners Department Store is one of Britains oldest department stores, now under the ownership of House of Fraser, having maintained its original position on Princes Street, Edinburgh, since 1838. ... Princes Street, as viewed facing west from the Scott Monument Princes Street and the Castle at twilight Princes Street is the main shopping street in Edinburgh city centre, although it was originally designed to be a residential street. ...

In New York City in 1846, Alexander Turney Stewart established the "Marble Palace" on the east-Broadway, between Chambers and Reade streets. He offered European retail merchandise at fixed prices on a variety of dry goods, and advertised a policy of providing "free entrance" to all potential customers. Though it was clad in white marble to look like a Renaissance palazzo, the building's cast iron construction permitted large plate glass windows. In 1862 Stewart built a department store on a full city block at Broadway and 9th Street, opposite Grace Church, with eight floors and nineteen departments of dress goods and furnishing materials, carpets, glass and china, toys and sports equipment, ranged around a central glass-covered court. Within a couple of decades, New York's retail center had moved uptown, forming a stretch of retail shopping from "Marble Palace" that was called the "Ladies' Mile". In 1858 Rowland Hussey Macy founded Macy's as a dry goods store. Benjamin Altman and Lord & Taylor soon competed with Stewart as New York's first department stores, later followed by "McCreary's" and, in Brooklyn, "Abraham & Straus" (The Straus family would be in the management of both Macy's and A&S. Flag Seal Nickname: Big Apple Location Location in the state of New York Government Counties (Boroughs) Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,214. ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Alexander Turney Stewart, (October 12, 1803- April 10, 1876), was an American entrepreneur turned multi-millionaire who made his fortune in the most extensive and lucrative drygoods business in the world. ... A view of Broadway in 1909 Broadway, as the name implies, is a wide avenue in New York City, and is the oldest north-south main thoroughfare in the city, dating to the first New Amsterdam settlement. ... This article is about the continent. ... Raphael was famous for depicting illustrious figures of the Classical past with the features of his Renaissance contemporaries. ... The quintessential medieval European palace: Palais de la Cité, in Paris, the royal palace of France. ... Cast iron usually refers to grey cast iron, but can mean any of a group of iron-based alloys containing more than 2% carbon (alloys with less carbon are carbon steel by definition). ... The materials definition of a glass is a uniform amorphous solid material, usually produced when a suitably viscous molten material cools very rapidly, thereby not giving enough time for a regular crystal lattice to form. ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Albany Largest city New York City Area  Ranked 27th  - Total 54,520 sq mi (141,205 km²)  - Width 285 miles (455 km)  - Length 330 miles (530 km)  - % water 13. ... 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Rowland Hussey Macy was an American who started Macys store. ... Macys is a mid-range chain of American department stores with its flagship store in Herald Square, New York City, which has been billed as the worlds largest store since completion of the Seventh Avenue addition in 1924. ... Lord & Taylor, based in New York City, New York, is one of the oldest department store chains in the United States. ... A map of New York City, highlighting Brooklyn. ...

A Bon Marché department store in Paris, 1867.

Similar developments were under way in London (with Whiteleys), in Paris (with La Samaritaine) and in Chicago, where department stores sprang up along State Street, notably Marshall Field and Company, which remains the second-largest store in the world (after Macy's). In 1877, Wanamaker's opened in Philadelphia. Philadelphia's John Wanamaker performed a 19th century redevelopment to the former Pennsylvania Railroad terminal in that city and eventually opened a modern day department store in the building. Image File history File links Bonmarchestore. ... Image File history File links Bonmarchestore. ... Bon Marche, roughly translated as good price, was the name chosen for a Seattle, Washington department store launched in 1890 by the Nordhoff family. ... London is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdom, and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... Whiteleys was a famous department store located in the Bayswater area of London (UK)), with its main entrance on Queensway. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur Tossed by the waves, she does not founder Coordinates : , Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) Administration Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Département Paris (75) Région ÃŽle-de-France Mayor Bertrand Delanoë (PS) City (commune) Characteristics Land Area 86. ... Samaritaine at night La Samaritaine is a large department store in Paris, France. ... Chicago (officially named the City of Chicago) is the third largest city in the United States (after New York City and Los Angeles), with an official population of 2,896,016, as of the 2000 census. ... Marshall Fields State Street Store interior, about 1910 Marshall Field and Company is a department store. ... 1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Wanamakers department store was the first department store in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and one of the first, if not the first, department store in the United States. ... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Quaker City Motto: Philadelphia maneto (Let brotherly love continue) Location Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates , Government Country  State   County United States  Pennsylvania   Philadelphia Founded Incorporated October 27, 1682 October 25, 1701 Mayor John F. Street (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 369. ... John Wanamaker (July 11, 1838 - December 12, 1922) was a United States businessman, considered the father of the department store and the father of modern advertising. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Urban renewal (also called urban regeneration in British English) is a movement in urban planning that reached its peak in the United States from the late 1940s through the early 1970s. ... 1893 map The Pennsylvania Railroad (AAR reporting mark PRR) was an American railroad that was founded in 1846 and merged in 1968 into Penn Central Transportation. ...

On March 1, 1869 Zion's Cooperative Mercantile Institution was opened in Salt Lake City as a new community store that became the first incorporated department store in America in 1870. A new 3-story brick and iron store was built in 1876, noted for its unique architecture and striped awnings. This store was replaced by an enclosed shopping center in 1973, and the new Zion department store preserved the gilt-edged ornate facade of the old store. In 1999 the May Department Stores bought a 14-store ZCMI chain and changed its name to "Meier & Frank", a May property with eight stores in Oregon and Washington. Subsequently May Department Stores completed a merger with Federated Department Stores and the Meier & Frank brand ZCMI stores will become Macy's stores sometime in late 2006. March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ... 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... The Salt Lake Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is Salt Lake Citys top tourist draw. ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Official language(s) None Capital Salem Largest city Portland Area  Ranked 9th  - Total 98,466 sq mi (255,026 km²)  - Width 260 miles (420 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 2. ... Official language(s) None Capital Olympia Largest city Seattle Area  Ranked 18th  - Total 71,342 sq mi (184,824 km²)  - Width 240 miles (385 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 6. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Federated company headquarters building in Cincinnati. ... Macys is a mid-range chain of American department stores with its flagship store in Herald Square, New York City, which has been billed as the worlds largest store since completion of the Seventh Avenue addition in 1924. ...

In 1881, Joseph Lowthian Hudson opened a small men's clothing store in Detroit. After 10 years he had 8 stores in the midwest and was the most profitable clothing retailer in the country. In 1893 he began construction of the immense department store at Gratiot and Farmer streets in Detroit. The 25-story tower was added in 1928, and a 12-story addition in 1946, giving the entire complex 49 acres of floor space. In 1954 the company became a suburban shopping center pioneer when it built Northland 13 miles northwest of Detroit. In 1969 it merged with the Dayton Corporation to create Dayton-Hudson headquartered in Minneapolis. George Dayton had founded his Dayton's Daylight store in Minneapolis in 1902 and the AMC cooperative in 1912, built the Southdale Shopping Center in 1956, and started the Target discount store chain in 1962. The new corporation closed the flagship Hudson department store in downtown Detroit in 1983, but expanded its other retail operations. It acquired Mervyn's in 1978, Marshall Field's in 1990, and renamed itself the Target Corporation in 2000. 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Joseph Lowthian (J.L.) Hudson (b. ...

By 1890 a new world of retailing had been created as department stores had a clear market position as universal providers. General stores eventually became department stores as small towns became cities. The most prominent department stores emerged from small shops. The department store created several of North America's first large businesses. The department store is also largely responsible for the standard store design seen today, because of its size it required new building materials, glass technology and new heating, amongst other architectural innovations. The store layouts made shopping easier for consumers regardless of their social or economic background. The department store also offered new customer services never before seen such as restaurants, restrooms, reading rooms, home delivery, wrapping services, store hours, new types of merchandise displays and so forth. 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... A general store is usually a retailer located in a small town or in a rural area with a broad selection of merchandise crammed into a relatively small space. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ...

Some department stores leased space to individual merchants, similar to the changes in late 17th-century London, but by 1900 the smaller merchants were purchased or eventually replaced by the larger companies. In this way they were very similar to our modern malls, where the property owner has no direct interest in the actual department store itself, other than to collect rent and provide utilities. Today only the most specialized departments are leased out, such as photography, photo finishing, automotive services or financial services. However, today this is rare, as most departments--even a store's restaurant--is usually run by the store itself. As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700 in the Gregorian calendar. ... London is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdom, and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday. ...

Before the 1950s, the department store held an eminent place in both Canada and Australia, during both the Great Depression and World War II. Since then, they have suffered from strong competition from specialist stores. Most recently the competition has intensified with the advent of larger-scale superstores (Jones et al. 1994; Merrilees and Miller 1997). Competition was not the only reason for the department stores' weakening strength; the changing structure of cities also affected them. The compact and centralized 19th century city with its mass transit lines converging on the downtown was a perfect environment for department store growth. But as residents moved out of the downtown areas to the suburbs, the large, downtown department stores became inconvenient and lost business to the newer suburban shopping malls. The 1950s were the decade that traditionally speaking, spanned the years 1950 through 1959. ... The Great Depression was a worldwide economic downturn, starting in 1929 (although its effects were not fully felt until late in 1930) and lasting through most of the 1930s. ... Combatants Allies: Soviet Union United States United Kingdom and others Axis Powers: Germany Japan Italy and others Commanders Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry S. Truman Winston Churchill Adolf Hitler Hideki Tojo Benito Mussolini Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total dead: 50,000,000 Military...

Discount department store

It has been suggested that this section be split into a new article titled Discount store. (Discuss)

A typical Wal-Mart discount department store.

A discount store is a type of department store, which sell products at prices lower than those asked by traditional retail outlets. Most discount department stores offer wide assortments of goods; others specialize in such merchandise as jewelry, electronic equipment, or electrical appliances. Discount stores are not dollar stores, which sell goods at a dollar or less. Discount stores differ because they sell branded goods and prices vary widely between different products. Discount department stores are more popular in the United States than other countries. Following World War II, a number of retail establishments in the United States began to pursue a high-volume, low-profit strategy designed to attract price-conscious consumers. Image File history File links Splitsection. ... A discount store is a retail store offering a wide range of products, many branded, at discounted prices. ... Download high resolution version (1178x768, 67 KB)Description: Photograph of a Wal-Mart store exterior Source: Photograph taken by Jared C. Benedict on 22 February 2004. ... Download high resolution version (1178x768, 67 KB)Description: Photograph of a Wal-Mart store exterior Source: Photograph taken by Jared C. Benedict on 22 February 2004. ... Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. ... A $.99 cent store A dollar store is a store that sells inexpensive items for one dollar or less each. ... Combatants Allies: Soviet Union United States United Kingdom and others Axis Powers: Germany Japan Italy and others Commanders Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry S. Truman Winston Churchill Adolf Hitler Hideki Tojo Benito Mussolini Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total dead: 50,000,000 Military...

During the period from the 1950s to the late-1980s, discount stores were more popular than the average supermarket or department store. There were hundreds of discount stores in operation, with their most successful period occurring during the mid-1960s in the United States with discount store chains such as Kmart, Zayre, Kuhn's-Big K (sold to Wal-Mart in 1981), GEM, TG&Y and Woolco (closed in 1983, part sold to Wal-Mart) amongst others. Currently, Wal-Mart, the largest retailer in the world, operates 1,353 discount stores in the United States; Target and Kmart are Wal-Mart's top competitors. 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... Exterior appearance of typical American supermarket (a Safeway) A supermarket or grocery store is a store that sells a wide variety of food. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... Kmart Corporation is an international chain of discount department stores in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. ... Zayre was a chain of discount retail stores that operated in the United States from 1956 to 1989. ... Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... TG&Y was a twentieth century five and dime or variety store chain in the United States. ... Woolco was a discount retail department store chain, founded in 1962, as a subsidiary of The F.W. Woolworth Company. ... Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. ... Target Stores is a division of Target Corporation. ... Sears Holdings Corporation (NASDAQ: SHLD) is the fourth largest retailer in the United States, behind Wal-Mart, The Home Depot, and Kroger [1]. It was formed in 2005 with the purchase of Sears, Roebuck and Company of Hoffman Estates, Illinois by Kmart Holdings Corporation of Troy, Michigan. ...

Examples of discount retail chain stores include Wal-Mart, Kmart and Target, all of which opened their first locations in 1962. Other retail companies branched out into the discount store business around this time as adjuncts to their older store concepts. As examples, Woolworth opened a Woolco chain; Montgomery Ward opened Jefferson Ward; Chicago-based Jewel launched Turn Style; and Central Indiana-based L.S. Ayres created Ayr-Way. These chains typically were either shut down or sold to a larger competitor during the late '70s and early '80s. Kmart and Target themselves are examples of adjuncts, although their growth prompted their respective parent companies to abandon their older concepts (the S.S. Kresge five and dime store disappeared, while the Dayton-Hudson Corporation eventually divested itself of its department store holdings and renamed itself Target Corporation). Chain stores are a range of retail outlets which share a brand and central management, usually with standardised business methods and practices. ... Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. ... Sears Holdings Corporation (NASDAQ: SHLD) is the fourth largest retailer in the United States, behind Wal-Mart, The Home Depot, and Kroger [1]. It was formed in 2005 with the purchase of Sears, Roebuck and Company of Hoffman Estates, Illinois by Kmart Holdings Corporation of Troy, Michigan. ... Target Corporation (NYSE: TGT) was founded in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1962. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ... Foot Locker Inc NYSE: FL (formerly Z) is a United States company specialising in athletic footwear and clothing. ... Woolco was a discount retail department store chain, founded in 1962, as a subsidiary of The F.W. Woolworth Company. ... Montgomery Ward (later known as Wards) was an American department store chain, founded as the worlds first mail order business in 1872 by Aaron Montgomery Ward. ... Jewel is a supermarket chain that has approximately 200 stores in the Chicago metropolitan area. ... Turn*Style Department Stores was the discount department store division of Chicago-based Jewel Companies, Inc. ... L.S. Ayres & Company was a Indianapolis, Indiana department store founded in 1872 by Lyman S. Ayres and taken over by his son Frederic in 1896. ... Five and dime was a common nickname in the United States for five-and-ten-cent stores (also called 5 and 10s), popular in the early to mid-20th century. ... Target Corporation (NYSE: TGT) was founded in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1962. ...

Many of the major discounters are now opening "supercenters", which add a full-service grocery store to the traditional format. The Meijer chain in the Midwest consists entirely of supercenters, while Wal-Mart and Target have focused on the format as of the '90s as a key to their continued growth. Although discount stores and department stores have different retailing goals and different markets, a recent development in retailing is the "discount department store", such as Sears Essentials, which is a combination of the Kmart and Sears formats, following the companies' merger as Sears Holdings Corporation. Meijer (pronounced MY-er) is a regional department store and grocery retailer with about half of its stores located in Michigan, and the rest located across Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and Kentucky. ... Sears Essentials Sears Essentials is an off-mall race-track style store version of Sears, and a mini version of its much larger in size sister, Sears Grand. ... Sears Holdings Corporation (NASDAQ: SHLD) is the fourth largest retailer in the United States, behind Wal-Mart, The Home Depot, and Kroger [1]. It was formed in 2005 with the purchase of Sears, Roebuck and Company of Hoffman Estates, Illinois by Kmart Holdings Corporation of Troy, Michigan. ...

Countries

Australia

Although there were a number of depertment stores in Australia for much of the 20th Century, today Myer and David Jones, located nationally, are practically the national deparment stores duopoly in Australia. Other retails chain stores such as Target, Kmart and Big W also located nationally are considered to be Australia's bargain department stores. Most department stores in Australia have their own credit card companies, each having their own benefits while the bargain department stores do not have their own credit card rights. Myer - Melbourne store This article is about the department store. ... David Jones Limited is an Australian retailing company. ... A true duopoly is a form of oligopoly where only two producers exist in a market. ... Target Australia Pty Ltd is an Australian company that operates the 250-store Target department store chain. ... Kmart Australia is a discount department store chain, equivalent to the stores in the United States bearing the same name. ... Big W is a chain of Australian-based, discount retail outlets, selling items ranging from clothing, healthcare accessories and toys, amongst many other categories. ...

China

Department stores first appeared in China at the beginning of the 20th Century, the concept said to be introduced by expatriate Chinese living in Australia. Before 1949, there were four main department stores in Shanghai: Wing On, Sincere, Sun Sun and Yat Sun; the first two still exist today. Shanghai (Chinese: 上海; pinyin: ; Shanghainese: ), situated on the banks of the Yangtze River Delta in East China, is Chinas largest city by population. ... Wing On(永安) is a department store in Hong Kong. ... In the modern world, sincerity is the elusive virtue of speaking truly about ones feelings, thoughts, desires. ...

During World War II patriotic sentiment in China had led to the formation of a number of department stores specializing in locally-made merchandise. This type of stores became the mainstay in China after the formation of the Communist state in 1949. Combatants Allies: Soviet Union United States United Kingdom and others Axis Powers: Germany Japan Italy and others Commanders Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry S. Truman Winston Churchill Adolf Hitler Hideki Tojo Benito Mussolini Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total dead: 50,000,000 Military... This article is about the state in Asia. ...

Both types of department stores have long had branches in Hong Kong; however Japanese department stores began to appear in the 1960s, and within a generation's time became the dominant force in the market. The Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s had resulted in the closures of some of these stores, but on the whole Hong Kong still has one of the world's most competitive retail markets. The Asian financial crisis was a financial crisis that started in July 1997 in Thailand and affected currencies, stock markets, and other asset prices in several Asian countries, many considered East Asian Tigers. ...

El Salvador

• Siman. The most important Department store Chain in Central America ^{[citation needed]}.
• Carrion. [1]
• Dorian's. Mexican Department stores present only in Mexico and El Salvador. [2]

Ireland

Originally the Republic of Ireland had only one department store, Clerys, however several large retailers now own chains of department stores, such as: Categories: Stub | Retail companies of Ireland ...

• Dunnes Stores
• Roches Stores
• Marks&Spencer

There are also many self-owned department stores around the country, especially in rural towns. Dunnes Stores is a supermarket and clothing retail chain based in the Republic of Ireland. ... Roches Stores Logo - More Value, More Choice, More Service Roches Stores is a chain of department stores in the Republic of Ireland. ...

Germany

In Germany there are a number of department stores. There are two big deparment store companies, KarstadtQuelle (Karstadt and Hertie) and Kaufhof (part of the Metro AG). There are also some smaller independent department stores. Some deparment stores only sell clothing. The biggest clothing deparment store chain is C&A. Larger department stores in Germany usally contain a self-service restaurant, clothing departments, a toy department, a department for computer and electronics, a small book department (for bestsellers), a department for newspapers and magazines and a food department (like a supermarket). Karstadt in Frankfurt KarstadtQuelle AG is a German department store corporation, the largest in Europe. ... METRO AG is a diversified retail and wholesale/cash and carry group based in Germany. ... C&A is also an abbreviation for the Camden and Amboy Railroad. ...

One of the most famous deparment stores in Germany is the Kaufhaus des Westens (German for department store of the west) which is located in Berlin. main entrance of the KaDeWe Kaufhaus des Westens (commonly abbreviated KaDeWe) is a very large department store in the city of Berlin. ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ...

United Kingdom

All of the early department stores in London started out as small drapery stores which bought up neighbouring stores and increased their range of products. London is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdom, and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... Drapery refers to cloth or textiles (Latin drappus = cloth and Old French drap) or the trade of selling cloth. ...

The exterior of Harrods in London.

• Whiteleys in Westbourne Grove was first to grow to department store size. By 1867 it consisted of 17 departments and by 1890 it was operating in a purposely built department store and had over 6,000 staff employed in the business.
• Barkers in Kensington can be defined as a department store by 1880, when it encompassed 15 neighbouring stores, and in 1889 the company moved into a new, large building.
• Peter Jones in Sloane Square had grown to department store size by 1890.
• Harrods was reborn as a proper department store in 1889, after a devastating fire in 1883.
• John Lewis in Oxford Street was a true department store by 1900.
• Selfridges was opened in 1909 by the American entrepreneur Harry Gordon Selfridge, and thus became London's seventh department store.

In Edinburgh, Jenners saw a similar development. It starting as a drapery store in 1838, which by 1890 had grown into Scotland's largest retail store by gobbling up all the small stores in the neighbourhood. In 1895, after a devastating fire, a new ultra-modern building opened, with lavish electrical lighting, hydraulic lifts and air conditioning. Four hours after the grand opening, 25,000 people had already visited the store. Harrods at about 7:30pm, 18th February 2005 File links The following pages link to this file: Harrods User:Speedway Categories: GFDL images ... Harrods at about 7:30pm, 18th February 2005 File links The following pages link to this file: Harrods User:Speedway Categories: GFDL images ... Whiteleys was a famous department store located in the Bayswater area of London (UK)), with its main entrance on Queensway. ... Westbourne Grove is a glamourous shopping street in Londons Notting Hill. ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... Kensington is an area to the west of Central London in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. ... 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Peter Jones is one of the largest and best known department stores in London. ... Sloane Square is a small hard landscaped square on the boundaries of the fashionable London districts of Belgravia and Chelsea. ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... Harrods department store storefront Harrods is an upmarket department store on Brompton Road in Knightsbridge, London. ... 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... John Lewis in Oxford Street, London is the flagship department store of the John Lewis Partnership. ... Oxford Street, from the top deck of a bus Oxford Street is the worlds most famous street for shopping. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday. ... Selfridges in Birmingham Selfridges is a chain of department stores in the United Kingdom. ... 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Harry Gordon Selfridge (January 11, 1858 – May 8, 1947) was an American-born retail magnate, who founded the British department store Selfridges. ... Edinburgh (pronounced ; Dùn Èideann () in Scottish Gaelic) is Scotlands capital, and its second-largest city. ... Jenners Jenners Department Store is one of Britains oldest department stores, now under the ownership of House of Fraser, having maintained its original position on Princes Street, Edinburgh, since 1838. ... | Jöns Jakob Berzelius, discoverer of protein 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ...

In the UK the term "department store" still refers to the traditional, classic department store, which has a wide range of independent departments with their own staff and their own tills. Large discount stores with the tills located by the entrance are not regarded as department stores in the UK, although the owners may call them that. Antique crank-operated cash register A cash register or till (British English) is a mechanical or electronic device for calculating and recording sales transactions, and an attached cash drawer for storing currency. ...

United States

The exterior of a typical Macy's department store (formerly Burdines) at Town Center at Boca Raton located in Boca Raton, Florida.

In the United States, companies such as Marshall Field's, Macy's, Dillard's, Sears, and J.C. Penney are considered department stores, while retail brands such as Target, Kmart, and Wal-Mart are discount department stores. Stores that carry a general line of groceries and other product lines similar to those of department stores are considered warehouse clubs or supercenters. Warehouse clubs require a nominal annual membership fee, while supercenters do not. Costco, BJ's Wholesale Club, and Sam's Club are examples of warehouse clubs. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 966 KB) Summary I snapped this image on April 8, 2006. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 966 KB) Summary I snapped this image on April 8, 2006. ... Burdines was a leading department store chain in the state of Florida that was part of Federated Department Stores, Inc. ... The main entrance of Town Center at Boca Raton. ... Location of Boca Raton in Palm Beach County, Florida. ... Marshall Fields is an historic Chicago, Illinois department store that grew to become a major chain most recently acquired by Cincinnati-based Federated Department Stores on August 30, 2005, with its headquarters in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... Macys is a mid-range chain of American department stores with its flagship store in Herald Square, New York City, which has been billed as the worlds largest store since completion of the Seventh Avenue addition in 1924. ... Dillards (NYSE: DDS) is a major/upscale department store chain in the United States, with 329 stores in 29 states as of 2005. ... Sears Holdings Corporation NASDAQ: SHLD is the third largest retailer in the United States, behind Wal-Mart and The Home Depot. ... J. C. Penney Company, Inc. ... Target Corporation (NYSE: TGT) was founded in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1962. ... Kmart Corporation is an international chain of discount department stores in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. ... Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. ... Costco Wholesale Corporation NASDAQ: COST is a membership warehouse club chain and headquartered in Issaquah, Washington, United States, with its flagship warehouse #1 in nearby Seattle. ... BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. ... Sams Club in Plano, Texas Sams Club is a membership-only warehouse club owned and operated by Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. ...

Famous defunct American department stores include Montgomery Ward, the world's first mail order business; McCrory; and Woolworth's (which, after closing the remaining Woolworth stores, changed its corporate name to that of its top-performing subsidiary: Foot Locker). Montgomery Ward (later known as Wards) was an American department store chain, founded as the worlds first mail order business in 1872 by Aaron Montgomery Ward. ... Mail order is a term which describes the buying of goods or services by mail delivery. ... J.G. McCrorys or McCrory Stores is a defunct chain of five and dime stores in the United States based in York, Pennsylvania. ... Foot Locker Inc NYSE: FL (formerly Z) is a United States company specialising in athletic footwear and clothing. ... Foot Locker Incorporated is an sportswear retailer based in the United States. ...

See also

• List of department stores
• Distribution
• Depāto (Japanese department stores)
• Retailer
• Marketing

This is a list of department stores. ... Distribution is one of the four aspects of marketing. ... Mitsukoshi Department Store in the Nihombashi section of Tokyo Department stores in Japan are referred to as depāto (デパート), an abbreviation of the English term. ... A drawing of a self-service store Retailing consists of the sale of goods/merchandise for personal or household consumption either from a fixed location such as a department store or kiosk, or away from a fixed location and related subordinated services (Definition of the WTO (last page). ... // Definitions Marketing, as suggested by the American Marketing Association, is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders.[1] Another definition, perhaps simpler and more universal, is this...

References

• Abelson, Elaine S. When Ladies Go A-Thieving: Middle Class Shoplifters in the Victorian Department Store. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
• Barth, Gunther. "The Department Store," in City People: The Rise of Modern City Culture in Nineteenth-Century America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980.
• Benson, Susan Porter. Counter Culture: Saleswomen, Managers and Customers in American Department Stores, 1890-1940. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1988. ISBN 0-252-06013-X.
• Ershkowicz, Herbert. John Wanamaker, Philadelphia Merchant. New York: DaCapo Press, 1999.
• Gibbons, Herbert Adams. John Wanamaker. New York: Harper & Row, 1926.
• Hendrickson, Robert. The Grand Emporiums: The Illustrated History of America's Great Department Stores. New York: Stein and Day, 1979.
• Leach, William. Land of Desire: Merchants, Power, and the Rise of a New American Culture. New York: Pantheon, 1993. ISBN 0-679-75411-3.
• Parker, K. (2003). "Sign Consumption in the 19th-Century Department Store: An Examination of Visual Merchandising in the Grand Emporiums (1846 – 1900)." Journal of Sociology 39 (4): 353–371.
• Schlereth, Thomas J. Victorian America: Transformations in Everyday Life, 1876-1915. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
• Sobel, Robert. "John Wanamaker: The Triumph of Content Over Form," in The Entrepreneurs: Explorations Within the American Business Tradition New York: Weybright & Talley, 1974). ISBN 0-679-40064-8.
• Spang, Rebecca L. The Invention of the Restaurant: Paris and Modern Gastronomic Culture. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2000. 325 p.

Robert Sobel in a promotional photo for his publisher. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

External links

• History of The Department Store
• A.T. Stewart's
• The Wonderful World of the Department Store in Historical Perspective: A Comprehensive International Bibliography Partially Annotate, Robert D. Tamilia Ph.D. — Long detailed paper describing the history of the department store (PDF)
• The First Department Store article at allaboutstuff.com
• International Association of Department Stores