The earliest known reference to string puzzles is in Jerome Cardans' De Rerum Varietate published in 1557 in which he describes two different string puzzles, one of which is similar to this one.
Over the years puzzles have been used to express political commentary (some not so subtle) as seen in the 1918 puzzle called HANG THE KAISER where you had to undo the rope from around the "Beast of Berlin's" neck so you could hang him again by putting it back on.