NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Distal convoluted tubule

The distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is a portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system. A nephron of the kidney. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The Metanephric blastema (or metanephric mesenchyme) is one of the two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney (the other is the ureteric bud. ... Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ... Elseviers logo. ... It has been suggested that Renal anomalies and Renal plasma threshold be merged into this article or section. ... A nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. ... In the kidney, the loop of Henle is the portion of the nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. ... The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of: The connecting tubule The cortical collecting duct The medullary collecting duct Categories: | ...

Physiology

It is partly responsible for the regulation of potassium, sodium, calcium, and pH. General Name, Symbol, Number potassium, K, 19 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 4, s Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 39. ... General Name, Symbol, Number sodium, Na, 11 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 3, s Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 22. ... General Name, Symbol, Number calcium, Ca, 20 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 4, s Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 40. ... The correct title of this article is . ...

In inorganic chemistry, a bicarbonate (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid. ... In physics, the proton (Greek proton = first) is a subatomic particle with an electric charge of one positive fundamental unit (1. ... Norepinephrine A hormone (from Greek ÏŒÏÎ¼Î® - to set in motion) is a chemical messenger from one cell (or group of cells) to another. ... Aldosterone is a steroid hormone synthesized from cholesterol by the enzyme aldosterone synthase. ... General Name, Symbol, Number calcium, Ca, 20 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 4, s Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 40. ... Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is secreted by the parathyroid glands as a polypeptide containing 84 amino acids. ... Arginine vasopressin receptor 2 (AVPR2) is a protein that acts as receptor for arginine vasopressin. ...

Clinical significance

Thiazide diuretics inhibit Na⁺/Cl^- reabsorption from the DCT by blocking the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter. Thiazides are a class of drug that promote water loss from the body ((diuretics)). They inhibit Na+/Cl- reabsorption from the distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys. ... A diuretic (colloquially called a water pill) is any drug or herb that elevates the rate of bodily urine excretion (diuresis). ... Thiazide-sensitive Na/Cl cotransporter (TSC1) is a symporter located on the lumen side of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) in the kidney. ...

Histology

Histologically, cells of the DCT can be differentiated from cells of the proximal convoluted tubule: A thin section of lung tissue stained with hematoxylin and eosin. ... In the biology of the kidney, the proximal convoluted tubule is the segment of the renal tubule that drains Bowmans capsule. ...

Apical, from the Latin apex (plural apices) meaning to be at the apex or tip, may refer to: An apical consonant, a consonant produced with the tip of the tongue Apical dominance An apical bud An apical pulse: apical pulse is your heart rate when counted with a stethoscope (steth... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... Eosinophils are white blood cells that are responsible for combating infection by parasites in the body. ... Organelles. ... The eukaryotic cell nucleus. ...

Additional images

References

A garden sign welcomes residents and visitors to Rogers Park as home of Loyola University Chicago. ...

External links

Categories: Kidney | Anatomy stubs The University of California, Davis, commonly known as UC Davis, is one of the ten campuses of the University of California, and was established as the University Farm in 1905. ... University of Oklahoma, abbreviated OU, is a coeducational public research university located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma founded in 1890. ... In 1828 the Medical Academy of Georgia was chartered by the state of Georgia with plans to offer a single course of lectures leading to a bachelors degree. ... In 1828 the Medical Academy of Georgia was chartered by the state of Georgia with plans to offer a single course of lectures leading to a bachelors degree. ... For similarly-named academic institutions, see Boston (disambiguation). ... For similarly-named academic institutions, see Boston (disambiguation). ... The urinary system is the organ system that produces, stores, and eliminates urine. ... It has been suggested that Renal anomalies and Renal plasma threshold be merged into this article or section. ... The kidney and the adipose capsule are enclosed in a sheath of fibrous tissue continuous with the subperitoneal fascia, and named the renal fascia (also known as Gerotas fascia). ... The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney and covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. ... The renal cortex is the outer portion of the kidney between the renal capsule and the renal medulla. ... The renal column is tissue between the renal pyramids that allows for support of the renal cortex. ... The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney. ... The renal sinus is a cavity within the kidney which is occupied by the renal pelvis, renal calices, blood vessels, nerves and fat. ... Renal pyramids are cone-shaped tissues of the kidney. ... The renal lobe is a portion of a kidney consisting of a renal pyramid and the renal cortex above it. ... A cortical lobule (or renal lobule) is a part of a renal lobe. ... The medullary ray is the middle part of the cortical lobule or renal lobule, consisting of a group of straight tubes to the collecting ducts. ... A nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. ... Grays Fig. ... Human kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The renal arteries normally arise off the abdominal aorta and supply the kidneys with blood. ... The interlobar arteries are vessels of the renal circulation which supply the renal lobes. ... The arcuate arteries of the kidney are vessels of the renal circulation. ... The first set of renal bloodvessels, the interlobular arteries (or cortical radiate arteries, or cortical radial arteries), are given off at right angles from the side of the arterial arcade looking toward the cortical substance, and pass directly outward between the medullary rays to reach the fibrous tunic, where they... The afferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that supply the nephrons in many excretory systems. ... A renal corpuscle is the initial filtering component of a nephron in the kidney. ... Glomerulus refers to two unrelated structures in the body, both named for their globular form. ... The Bowmans capsule is a blind sac at the beginning of a the tubular component of a nephron in the mammalian kidney. ... The kidney tubule (or renal tubule) is the portion of the kidney containing the fluid filtered through the glomerulus. ... In the biology of the kidney, the proximal convoluted tubule is the segment of the renal tubule that drains Bowmans capsule. ... In the kidney, the loop of Henle is the portion of the nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. ... The descending limb of loop of Henle is the portion of the renal tubule constituting the first part of the loop of Henle. ... As the filtrate passes back up the thin ascending limb of loop of Henle, the concentration of the surrounding medulla decreases. ... The thick ascending limb of loop of Henle (or distal straight tubule) can be divided into two parts: that in the renal medulla, and that in the renal cortex. ... In the kidney, the collecting tubule (CNT, or junctional tubule, or arcuate renal tubule) is a tubular segment of the renal collecting duct system that connects the distal convoluted tubule to the cortical collecting duct. ... The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of: The connecting tubule The cortical collecting duct The medullary collecting duct Categories: | ... Position of the duct of Bellini in the kidney The duct of Bellini is an anatomical structure of the kidneys, also known as papillary duct. ... In the kidney, the renal papilla is the location where the papillary ducts converge at a minor calyx. ... The minor calyx surrounds the apex of the malpighian pyramids. ... The major calyx surrounds the apex of the the malpighian pyramids. ... The renal pelvis represents the dilated proximal part of the ureter. ... Transverse section of ureter. ... Grays Fig. ... The glomerulus is a capillary bed found surrounded by the Bowmans capsule of the nephron in the vertebrate kidney. ... The Efferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that are part of the urinary system of many animals. ... In the renal system, peritubular capillaries are tiny blood vessels that travel along side nephrons allowing reabsorbtion and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron. ... A nephron, the vasa recta is labelled arteria recta In the blood supply of the kidney, the vasa recta form a series of straight capillaries (recta is from the Latin for straight) that descend from the cortex into the medulla. ... The arcuate vein is a vessel of the renal circulation. ... The interlobar veins are vessels of the renal circulation which drain the renal lobes. ... Kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The kidneys are bean-shaped excretory organs in vertebrates. ... The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a renal structure consisting of the macula densa, mesangial cells, and juxtaglomerular cells. ... In the kidney, the macula densa is an area of closely packed specialized cells lining the distal convoluted tubule where it lies next to the glomerular vascular pole. ... The juxtaglomerular cells are specialized cells that stimulate the secretion of the adrenal hormone aldosterone and play a major role in renal autoregulation, the kidneys self-governance. ... Extraglomerular mesangial cells (or lacis cells) are light-staining cells in the kidney found outside the glomerulus, near the vascular pole and macula densa. ... The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration though the filtration slits between the podocytes , separating the blood on the inside from the urine on the outside. ... Podocytes are cells of the visceral epithelium in the kidneys and form a crucial component of the glomerular filtration barrier by covering the exterior basement surface of the glomerular capillary and maintaining a massive filtration surface. ... Foot processes of podocytes interdigitate with one another forming filtration slits (or slit pores) that, in contrast to those in the glomerular endothelium, are spanned by diaphragms. ... Intraglomerular mesangial cells are specialized pericytes located among the glomerular capillaries within a renal corpuscle. ...

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