The DCT regulates pH by absorbing bicarbonate and secreting protons (H+) into the filtrate. Sodium and potassium levels are controlled by secreting K+ and absorbing Na+.
Sodium absorption by the distal tubule is mediated by the hormonealdosterone. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption.
It is a tiny tubule consisting of a cluster of capillaries called the glomerulus, surrounded by a hollow bulb known as Bowman's capsule.
The proximal tubule reabsorbs fluid in bulk from the filtrate, including 2/3 filtered salt and water and all filtered organic solutes (primarily glucose and amino acids).
The distaltubule is similar to the proximal tubule.
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