Dimitry Nikolayevich Senyavin or Seniavin (17 August 1763 — 5 April 1831) was a Russian admiral who ranks among the greatest seamen of the Napoleonic Wars. August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1763 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... 1831 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Combatants Allies: • United Kingdom, • Prussia, • Austria, • Sweden, • Russia • France • Denmark-Norway • Poland Casualties Full list Full list The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars fought during Napoleon Bonapartes rule over France. ...

Service under Ushakov

Born at a family estate near Borovsk, Senyavin came from a prominent family of sea captains, all of whom, starting with Naum Senyavin, his great uncle, served in the Russian Imperial Navy. Having graduated from the Naval Corps in 1780, he took part in an expedition to Lisbon, then joined the Black Sea Fleet in 1783 and helped build the naval base at Sevastopol (today a city on the Crimean Peninsula in the the Ukraine). Family interests gained him rapid promotion, especially after his resolute actions had prevented a flagship from capsizing during the Varna expedition and Prince Potemkin had entrusted him with a vital task of transporting diplomatic mail to the Russian embassy in Constantinople (today called Istanbul). Borovsk Monastery of St Paphnutius. ... 1780 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... District or region Lisbon Mayor   - Party Carmona Rodrigues PSD Area 84. ... Black Sea Fleet sleeve ensign The Black Sea Fleet (Russian: Черноморский флот) is a large sub-unit of the Russian (and formerly Soviet) Navy, operating in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea since the early 18th century. ... 1783 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Sevastopol (Севастополь, Sevastopol’ in Russian and Ukrainian; Aqyar in Crimean Tatar), formerly known as Sebastopol (from a mistransliteration of the Russian v), is a port city in Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast of Crimean peninsula at , . It has a population of 328,600 (2004). ... The Crimea (officially Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukrainian transliteration: Avtonomna Respublika Krym, Ukrainian: Автономна Республіка Крим, Russian: Автономная Республика Крым, pronounced cry-MEE-ah in English) is a peninsula and an autonomous republic of Ukraine on the northern coast of the Black Sea. ... Varna (Bulgarian: Варна) is the third largest city in Bulgaria after Sofia and Plovdiv, with a population of 351,552(10. ... His Serene Highness Prince Potemkin of Tauride Knyaz Grigori Alexandrovich Potyomkin (Potemkin) (Russian: Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин) (September 13, 1739 (NS: September 24) – October 5, 1791 (NS: October 16)) was a Russian general-field marshal, statesman, and favorite of Catherine II the Great. ... Map of Constantinople. ... Satellite image of Istanbul and the Bosphorus Istanbul (Turkish: Ä°stanbul) is Turkeys largest city, and its cultural and economic center. ...

During the Russo-Turkish War, Senyavin was present at the Battle of Fidonisi at Fidonisi and at the Battle of Ochakov then went to Saint Petersburg, called Leningrad from 1924 through 1991, to inform the Empress about a Russian victory. Although he distinguished himself in command of the battleship Navarchia during the Battle of Caliacria, he had no patience with Ushakov's cautious and cunctative approach and paid little attention to his authority, which resulted in his confinement to a guardhouse and the threat of his reduction in rank. At last Potemkin effected a reconciliation between Senyavin and his peer, remarking in his letter to Ushakov that Senyavin could become the greatest admiral that Russia had ever known. The Russo-Turkish War of 1787-1792 was a futile attempt by the Ottoman Empire to regain lands lost to Russia in the course of the Russo-Turkish War, 1768-1774. ... The Battle of Ochakov was a minor naval action on July 14, 1788, won by Russia over Turkey, near Fidonisi. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Leningrad (Russian: Ленинград) is a historical name of the Russian city of Saint Petersburg, used between 1924 and 1991. ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Fyodor Fyodorovich Ushakov (1744 – October 2, 1817) was the most illustrious Russian naval commander and admiral of the 18th century. ...

During Ushakov's Mediterranean Expedition of 1798-1800, Senyavin assumed command of the flagship Saint Peter, equipped with 72 guns. His sailors stormed the French fortress of Saint Maura in Lefkada and took part in the capture of Corfu. The expedition over, Senyavin administered the ports of Kherson and Sevastopol. In 1804, he was promoted to Rear Admiral and given the task of administering the port in Reval. The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... Lefkada, or Lefkas (Greek: Modern: Λευκάδα, Ancient/Katharevousa: -as) is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea, connected to the mainland by a long causeway and floating bridge, as well as the islands capital city. ... Pontikonisi Island Corfu (ancient and modern Greek Κέρκυρα, Kérkyra, Latin Corcyra; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is an island of Greece, in the Ionian Sea. ... Kherson (Ukrainian and Russian Херсон) is a city in southern Ukraine, the capital of Kherson Oblast, with 303,900 inhabitants (2004). ... Sevastopol (Севастополь, Sevastopol’ in Russian and Ukrainian; Aqyar in Crimean Tatar), formerly known as Sebastopol (from a mistransliteration of the Russian v), is a port city in Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast of Crimean peninsula at , . It has a population of 328,600 (2004). ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The city of Tallinn is the capital city and main seaport of Estonia. ...

Mediterranean campaigns

Three years later, Alexander I of Russia, still entertaining grand designs aimed at stalling Napoleon's expansion in the Adriatic, mounted another Mediterranean expedition, with Vice-Admiral Senyavin as Commander-in-Chief. By September 1806, Senyavin reasserted Russian control of the southern Adriatic, disrupted Dubrovnik's sea trade, and was poised to attack Lesina. He found a natural ally in the Orthodox princes of Montenegro, who pledged to support him on land. Aleksander I Pavlovich Romanov (Russian: Александр I Павлович) (December 23, 1777–December 1, 1825), was Emperor of Russia from March 23, 1801–December 1, 1825 and King of Poland from 1815–1825, as well as the first Grand Duke of Finland. ... For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... The Adriatic Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea separating the Apennine peninsula (Italy) from the Balkan peninsula, and the system of the Apennine Mountains from that of the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges. ... 1806 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Adriatic Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea separating the Apennine peninsula (Italy) from the Balkan peninsula, and the system of the Apennine Mountains from that of the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges. ... County Dubrovnik–Neretva Area 14 335 km² Location Population 43,770 Mayor Dubravka Å uica Official website www. ... Categories: Croatian geography stubs | Islands of Croatia ... Serbia and Montenegro  â€“ Serbia    â€“ Kosovo        (UN administration)    â€“ Vojvodina  â€“ Montenegro Official language Serbian Capital Podgorica Former Royal Capital Cetinje President Filip Vujanović Prime Minister Milo Đukanović Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % water  13,812 km²  n/a Population  â€“ Total (2003)  â€“ Density  616,258  48. ...

The Russian fleet captured the islands of Curzola and Lissa, while the Austrians were persuaded to surrender Cattaro to them. As a result of these operations, the French were prevented from taking hold of the Ionian Islands. However, the fruits of Senyavin's activity were thrown away by the tsar who would conclude the Treaty of Tilsit with Napoleon the following year. A view of the city of Korčula Korčula (Italian Curzola, Greek Korkyra Melaina) is the modern Croatian name for an island in the Adriatic Sea with a long Byzantine and Venetian history. ... Lissa is: the old Venetian name for the Adriatic island of Vis the old Latin name for the town of Leszno in Poland when it had a Moravian college and a gymnasium This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same... This article or section should be merged with Kotor Cattaro or Kotor is the chief town of an administrative district in Austria. ... The Ionian Islands (Modern Greek: Ionia Nisia, Ιόνια Νησιά; Ancient Greek: Ionioi Nesoi, Ιόνιοι Νήσοι) are a group of islands in Greece. ... The Treaties of Tilsit were two agreements signed by Napoleon I of France in the town of Tilsit in July, 1807. ...

Even before the treaty was negotiated, a new war with Turkey had erupted and Senyavin's squadron was ordered to proceed to the Aegean Sea in order to attack Istanbul. He reached the Dardanelles on February 24, 1807 and captured the island of Tenedos in March. Using the island as his place d'armes, Senyavin blockaded the Straits and cut off supplies to the Sultan's capital. Russo-Turkish War, 1806-1812 was one of the several wars fought between Imperial Russia and Ottoman Empire War broke out in 1806, when Turkey deposed the russophile governors of its vassal states Moldavia and Walachia. ... The Aegean Sea. ... Satellite image of Istanbul and the Bosphorus Istanbul (Turkish: Ä°stanbul) is Turkeys largest city, and its cultural and economic center. ... Map of the Dardanelles The Dardanelles (Turkish: Çanakkale BoÄŸazı, Greek: Δαρδανελλια), formerly known as the Hellespont, is a narrow strait in northwestern Turkey connecting the Aegean Sea with the Sea of Marmara. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1807 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Gökçeada and Bozcaada are two islands in the Aegean Sea which are part of Canakkale Province in Turkey. ...

Senyavin's squadron after the Battle of Athos.

Contrary to his expectations, Sir John Thomas Duckworth, a British admiral who had just lost 600 men under fire of the shore batteries, refused to join his own fleet with Senyavin's and embarked upon an ill-fated expedition to Alexandria. The Russians were to fight the outnumbering Turks in the Aegean without foreign support. The Battle of Mount Athos, also known as the Battle of Monte Sancto and Battle of Lemnos, was a key naval battle of the Russo-Turkish War, 1806-1812. ... Sir John Duckworth Vice-Admiral Sir John Thomas Duckworth (9 February 1747 or 1748 – 31 August 1817) was a British naval officer of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. ... This battle took place in the Dardanelles Strait on 19 February 1807, when Britain attacked Turkey in support of Russia. ... This article needs to be updated. ...

Senyavin's blockade of their capital eventually drove the Turks to extremes. After food riots broke out, Sultan Selim III was replaced with Mustafa IV, who ordered his fleet to break the blockade. The Ottoman ships clashed with Senyavin's squadron in the Battle of the Dardanelles (May 11) and Battle of Athos (June 16). Both engagements were Russian victories and ensured Russia's supremacy in the Aegean for the rest of the war. Sultan Selim III Selim III (December 24, 1761 – July 28/29, 1808) was a sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1789–1807). ... Sultan Mustafa IV Mustafa IV (September 8, 1779 – November 15, 1808) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1807 to 1808. ... Naval Operations in the Dardanelles Campaign Conflict First World War Date 19 February 1915 - 9 January 1916 Place Dardanelles, Turkey Result Turkish victory The Naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign of the First World War were mainly carried out by the Royal Navy with substantial support from the French and... The Battle of Mount Athos, also known as the Battle of Monte Sancto and Battle of Lemnos, was a key naval battle of the Russo-Turkish War, 1806-1812. ...

Lisbon Incident

Upon receiving news about the Treaty of Tilsit, Senyavin was reported to have been overcome with tears (12 August). All his conquests had to be forfeited after the international situation had been reversed dramatically: Napoleon was considered Russia's ally and Britain was Russia's woe. On 14 August he and Lord Collingwood reluctantly parted ways. Eight days later, a large part of the Russian squadron (5 battleships, 4 frigates, 4 corvettes, 4 brigs) was ordered to return to Sevastopol. Senyavin was to lead the remaining fleet to the Baltic, where the Finnish War with Sweden was already brewing. The Treaties of Tilsit were two agreements signed by Napoleon I of France in the town of Tilsit in July, 1807. ... August 14 is the 226th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (227th in leap years), with 139 days remaining. ... Cuthbert Collingwood, 1st Baron Collingwood (26 September 1750 – 7 March 1810) was an admiral of the Royal Navy, notable as a partner with Horatio Nelson in several of the great victories of the Napoleonic Wars. ... Baltic can refer to: The Baltic Sea Council of the Baltic Sea States - an intergovernmental organization Baltic sea countries - countries with access to the Baltic Sea The Baltic region (Balticum) Baltic States - the independent countries of Estonia Latvia Lithuania Baltic Republics - term refers to the three Baltic states under the... The Finnish War was fought between Sweden and Russia from February 1808 to September 1809. ...

Tenedos was evacuated on 25 August and Senyavin set sail from Corfu on 19 September. Although he planned to proceed directly to Saint Petersburg, stormy weather induced him to enter the Tagus River and cast anchor in Lisbon on 30 October. Within several days, John VI of Portugal fled to Brazil and the Royal Navy blockaded Lisbon, intercepting a Russian sloop as an enemy vessel: the Anglo-Russian War had been declared. In November, French forces under Duc d'Abrantès overran the Portuguese capital and Senyavin found himself wedged between two warring powers. Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... View over Tejo River from São Jorge Castle in Lisbon (June 2002). ... District or region Lisbon Mayor   - Party Carmona Rodrigues PSD Area 84. ... October 30 is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 62 days remaining. ... John VI (Portuguese João, pron. ... The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the senior service of the British armed services, being the oldest of its three branches. ... A sloop-rigged J-24 sailboat In sailing, a sloop is a vessel with a Fore-and-aft rig. ... Jean-Andoche Junot, Duke of Abrantes (October 23, 1771 – July 29, 1813) was a French general under Napoleon Bonaparte. ...

In this tricky situation, Senyavin distinguished himself as a skilled diplomatist and managed to save his ships from destruction. Upon hearing about his plight, Napoleon extorted from the tsar the privilege of giving orders to Senyavin through the Russian embassy in Paris. He immediately demanded to replace British officers serving in Senyavin's squadron with the French or the Germans and advised Senyavin to exchange several ships with Duc d'Abrantès. Napoleon's orders were politely ignored by the Russian admiral, who had no intention to risk the lives of his marines in pointless warfare against erstwhile friends and consequently professed his neutrality.

In July 1808 Senyavin's ships, still blockaded in Lisbon, were repeatedly visited by Duc d'Abrantès and Duc de Valmy, who exhorted him to assist in their military operations against the Portuguese and the Spaniards. To that Senyavin responded that he had not been authorized by the tsar to fight the peoples his country was not at war with and neither promises nor threats could make him change his mind. Francois Etienne de Kellermann, duke of Valmy (1770 - 1835) was a French cavalry general noted for his daring and skillful exploits during the Napoleonic Wars. ...

In August the French were beaten by the Duke of Wellington at Vimeiro and were compelled to leave Portugal. Senyavin's seven battleships and one frigate were left face to face with 15 British battleships and 10 frigates, to say nothing about coastal artillery. They could have easily annihilated the Russian squadron if Senyavin refused to surrender. The Russian admiral, however, maintained his neutrality, threatening to blow up the ships and set Lisbon ablaze in case of attack. At last a convention was signed with the British admiral, Sir Charles Cotton, whereby the Russian squadron was to be escorted by the Royal Navy to London without lowering Russian flags. Moreover, Senyavin was to assume supreme command of the joint Anglo-Russian fleet (as the senior officer of the two), while two Russian ships (Rafail and Yaroslav) were to be left in Lisbon for repairs. The Dukedom of Wellington, derived from Wellington in Somerset, is a hereditary title and the senior Dukedom in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. ... The Battle of Vimeiro was fought on August 20, 1808 and resulted the victory of the British under the Duke of Wellington against the French under General Junot. ... Charles Cotton (April 28, 1630 - February, 1687) was an English poet, best-known for translating the work of Michel de Montaigne from the French. ... The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the senior service of the British armed services, being the oldest of its three branches. ... This article is about the British city. ...

On 31 August Senyavin's squadron embarked from Portugal for Portsmouth. On 27 September the Admiralty was informed that enemy vessels cast anchor in the British harbour, with their flags streaming, as if in times of peace. The Lord Mayor of London declared the convention disreputable for Britain's prestige and many in the Admiralty shared his opinion. The Russian fleet was therefore detained in Portsmouth under various pretexts until winter weather made their return to the Baltic impossible. The British insisted that Senyavin's squadron should sail to Arkhangelsk, else they would be intercepted by the Swedish men-of-war. In 1809, the departure was further delayed by the disastrous British expedition to Flushing. At long last, on 5 August, the nearly-starved Russian fleet was allowed to leave Portsmouth for Riga, where they arrived on 9 September 1809. August 31 is the 243rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (244th in leap years), with 122 days remaining. ... Portsmouth is a city of about 196,000 people located in the county of Hampshire on the southern coast of Great Britain. ... September 27 is the 270th day of the year (271st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 95 days remaining. ... Old Admiralty House, Whitehall, London, Thomas Ripley, architect, 1723-26, was not admired by his contemporaries and earned him some scathing couplets from Alexander Pope The Admiralty was historically the authority in the United Kingdom responsible for the command of the Royal Navy. ... Michael Berry Savory. ... Arkhangelsk (Russian: ), formerly called Archangel in English, is a city in and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. ... The Walcheren expedition (July 30 - December 10, 1809), a British military operation during the Napoleonic Wars, formed the last in a series of operations in Flanders (present-day Belgium) in 1809. ... August 5 is the 217th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (218th in leap years), with 148 days remaining. ... Riga (Latvian: RÄ«ga), the capital of Latvia, is situated on the Baltic Sea coast on the mouth of the River Daugava, at . ... September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years). ... 1809 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Fall from grace and later career

Senyavin's disobedience to the Emperors resulted in his not being employed again at sea. During Napoleon's invasion of Russia, he administered the peaceful port of Reval and was given no chance to take part in hostilities, despite his regular petitions to let him muster a militia in his native province. Kazan Cathedral in St Petersburg and the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow were built to commemorate the Russian victory against Napoleon. ... The city of Tallinn is the capital city and main seaport of Estonia. ...

Although he settled into retirement in the next year, Senyavin's name remained so popular in the Navy that the Decembrist conspirators planned to make him a member of the Provisional Government after staging a palace revolution. When the Greek War of Independence broke out in 1821, Greek insurgents requested the tsar to send "the famous Senyavin" to their assistance, but their petition was rejected. This article is about the failed Russian revolt. ... Combatants Greek guerilla forces Ottoman Empire forces Commanders Kolokotronis Vrionis, Ibrahim Pasha The Greek War of Independence (1821-31), also known as the Greek Revolution, was a successful war waged by the Greeks and supporting nations to win independence for Greece from the Ottoman Empire. ... 1821 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

A Soviet postage stamp dedicated to Senyavin.

It was not until Alexander I's death in 1825 that Senyavin was recalled to active service. As Russia was preparing to resume hostilities against Turkey, Nicholas I of Russia appointed him to command the Baltic Fleet. The following year, he was promoted Full Admiral and accompanied Login Geiden's squadron heading for the Mediterranean, where combined Anglo-Franco-Russian forces would score the great victory at Navarino. 1825 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Nikolai I Pavlovich (Russian: Николай I Павлович), July 6 (June 25, Old Style), 1796–March 2 (February 18, Old Style), 1855), also Nicholas, was the Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1855 and king of Poland from 1825 until 1831. ... A sailor of the Baltic Fleet during World War II The Baltic Fleet (Russian: Балтийский флот, in the Soviet period - The Red Banner Baltic Fleet - Краснознамённый Балтийский флот) is located at the Baltic Sea and headquartered in Kaliningrad, the other major base is at Kronstadt, located in the Gulf of Finland. ... Combatants United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Restored Kingdom of France, Imperial Russia Ottoman Empire, Egypt Commanders Edward Codrington, Henri de Rigny, Login Petrovich Geiden Ibrahim Pasha Strength 7 battleships, 10 frigates, 4 brigs, 2 schooners, 1 cutter 3 battleships, 17 frigates, 30 corvettes, 28 brigs, 5 schooners, 5...

Dmitry Senyavin died three years later and was interred with great pomp, in the presence of the tsar, at the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. He had several ships dedicated to his memory in the Imperial and Soviet navies. The Senyavin Islands in Oceania and the promontories in Alaska and Sakhalin still commemorate his name. View of the monastery in the early 19th century Alexander Nevsky Monastery was founded by Peter the Great in 1710 at the southern end of the Nevsky Prospect in St Petersburg to house the relics of Alexander Nevsky, patron saint of the newly-founded Russian capital. ... World map showing Oceania (geographically) Oceania is a geographical (often geopolitical) region consisting of numerous countries and territories—mostly islands—in the Pacific Ocean. ... Official language(s) English Capital Juneau Largest city Anchorage Area  - Total   - Width   - Length    - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 1st 663,267 sq mi  1,717,854 km² 808 miles  1,300 km 1,479 miles  2,380 km 13. ... Location of Sakhalin in the Western Pacific. ...

References

• Plavanie eskadry pod nachalstvom vitse-admirala Senyavina v Sredizemnoe more i vozvrashchenie komandy eyo v Rossiyu, 1805-1809. Kronstadt, 1885.
• V. Goncharov. Admiral Senyavin. Moscow-Leningrad, 1945. Also contains Senyavin's memoirs.
• D. Divin, K. Fokeev. Admiral D.N. Senyavin. Moscow, 1952.
• Evgeny Tarle. Senyavin's Mediterranean Expedition (1805-1807). Moscow, 1954.
• A.L. Shapiro. Senyavin. Moscow, 1958.
• Y.V. Davydov. Senyavin. Moscow, 1972.