Doberman Pinscher
A female Doberman Pinscher with docked tail and cropped ears.
Alternative names
Dobermann
Country of origin
Germany
Common nicknames
Dobe Dobie
Classification and breed standards
FCI:	Group 2 Section 1 #143	Stds
AKC:	Working	Stds
ANKC:	Group 6 (Utility)	Stds
CKC:	Group 3 - Working Dogs	Stds
KC (UK):	Working	Stds
NZKC:	Utility	Stds
UKC:	Guardian Dogs	Stds

The Doberman Pinscher (alternatively spelled Dobermann in many countries) or Doberman is a breed of domestic dog. Doberman Pinschers are among the most common of pet breeds, and the breed is well known as an intelligent, alert, and loyal companion dog. Although once commonly used as guard dogs, watch dogs, or police dogs, this is less common today. In many countries, Doberman Pinschers are one of the most recognizable breeds, in part because of their actual roles in society, and in part because of media stereotyping (see temperament). Careful breeding has improved the disposition of this breed, and the modern Doberman Pinscher is an energetic and lively breed ideally suited for companionship and family life. Dobermann (1997) is a French film directed by Jan Kounen and starring Vincent Cassel. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Docking is used as a term for the intentional removal of part of an animals tail or ears. ... Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) (English, World Canine Organization), is an international Kennel Club based in Thuin, Belgium. ... © The American Kennel Club (or AKC) is the largest registry of purebred dog pedigrees in the United States. ... The Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC) is the peak body in Australia responsible for promoting excellence in breeding, showing, trialling, obedience, and other canine-related activities and the ownership of temperamentally and physically sound purebred dogs by responsible individuals across Australia. ... The Canadian Kennel Club (or C.K.C.) is the primary registry body for purebred dog pedigrees in Canada. ... The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom is a club aiming to improve the relationships between dogs and their owners. ... The New Zealand Kennel Club is an organisation responsible for dog pedigree registration services in New Zealand. ... The United Kennel Club (or UKC) is the second oldest all-breed registry of purebred dog pedigrees in the United States and the second largest in the world. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris The dog (Canis lupus familiaris) is a domestic subspecies of the wolf, a mammal of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. ... A guard dog, watch dog, or sentry dog is a dog employed to guard against, or watch for, unwanted or unexpected animals or people. ... A watchdog originally referred to a dogs job, but now has been used in additional contexts with the same implication of watching or safeguarding: For the dogs job, see guard dog. ... Police dog getting ready to search a vehicle for drugs A policemans dog is a dog that is trained specifically to assist police and similar law-enforcement personnel with their work. ...

Quick Facts

The pound or pound-mass (abbreviations: lb, lbm, or sometimes in the United States, #) is a unit of mass (sometimes called weight in everyday parlance) in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, ″ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... A guard dog, watch dog, or sentry dog is a dog employed to guard against, or watch for, unwanted or unexpected animals or people. ...

Appearance

A red Doberman Pinscher

The Doberman Pinscher is a dog of medium size. Although the breed standards vary among kennel and breed clubs, the shoulder height of a Doberman Pinscher bitch is typically somewhere between 24 to 26 inches, 25.5 being ideal(61 to 68 cm), and the male typically stands between 26 to 28 inches 27.5 being ideal(66 to 72 cm).^[1] The male generally weighs between 75 and 90 pounds and the bitch between 60 and 75 pounds. There is often a slight difference in type between bitches and dogs, with males being decidedly masculine (but not coarse) and females being noticeable feminine (but not spindly).^[2] Image File history File links Dobermann_red_Flickr. ... Image File history File links Dobermann_red_Flickr. ... A breed standard (also called bench standard) in animal fancy and animal husbandry is a set of guidelines which is used to insure that the animals produced by a breeding facility conform to the specifics of the breed. ...

Doberman Pinschers typically have a deep, broad chest, and a powerful, compact, and square muscular body of medium size. However, in recent years some breeders have primarily bred, shown, and sold a slimmer or more sleek-looking Doberman Pinscher. This has become a popular body type among many owners, especially those who show their Doberman Pinschers competitively. The traditional body type is still more desirable to many casual owners and to those who want the dog for protection. Dogs bred to the ideal standard are bred to possess a body to meet the , "Breed type, " which is to say they are bred to withstand the physical rigors for which the breed was originally intended. The working abilities of endurance, jumping, climbing, pouncing, etc. Furthermore, despite the "ideal" standards, it is impossible to have complete control over the size and weight of dogs. Generally speaking, show animals must fall within the ideal range of both size and weight (for that country's breed standard), but it is not unusual to find male Dobes weighing over 100 pounds or females that are also larger than called for by the breed standards. Those who are looking for a Doberman Pinscher to provide personal protection or for use in police agencies or the military generally seek out the larger examples and some breeders create specific breeding pairs in the hope of getting a litter of larger dogs.

Color

Most people know the most common black color of a Doberman Pinscher. However, two different color genes exist in the Doberman, one for black (B) and one for color dilution (D), which provides for four different color phenotypes: black, red, blue, and fawn (Isabella).^[3] The traditional and most common color occurs when both the color and dilution genes have at least one dominant allele (BB, Bb, or bB and DD, Dd, or dD), and is commonly referred to as black or black and rust (also called black and tan). The most common color variation occurs when the black gene has two recessive alleles (bb) but where the dilution gene has at least one dominant allele (DD, Dd, or dD), which produces what is called a red or red and rust Doberman Pinscher in America and a "brown" Doberman in the rest of the world, which is a deep reddish-brown with rust markings. The phenotype of an individual organism is either its total physical appearance and constitution, or a specific manifestation of a trait, such as size or eye color, that varies between individuals. ... In genetics, the term dominant gene refers to the allele that causes a phenotype that is seen in a heterozygous genotype. ... For the hard rock band, see Allele (band). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Dominance relationship. ... An allele is any one of a number of alternative forms of the same gene occupying a given locus (position) on a chromosome. ... In genetics, the term dominant gene refers to the allele that causes a phenotype that is seen in a heterozygous genotype. ... For the hard rock band, see Allele (band). ...

The remaining two colors, "blue" and "fawn", are controlled by the color dilution gene. In the case of the blue Doberman, the color gene has at least one dominant allele (BB, Bb, or bB), but the dilution gene has both recessive alleles (dd). The fawn (Isabella) is the least common color and occurs when both the color and dilution genes have two recessive alleles (bb and dd). Thus, the blue color is a diluted black, and the fawn color is a diluted red. In genetics, the term dominant gene refers to the allele that causes a phenotype that is seen in a heterozygous genotype. ... For the hard rock band, see Allele (band). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Dominance relationship. ... An allele is any one of a number of alternative forms of the same gene occupying a given locus (position) on a chromosome. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Dominance relationship. ... An allele is any one of a number of alternative forms of the same gene occupying a given locus (position) on a chromosome. ...

Since 1994 the blue and fawn colors have been banned from breeding by the Dobermann Verein in Germany and under FCI regulations Blue and Fawn are considered disqualifying faults in the international showring.

In 1976, a "white" Doberman Pinscher bitch was whelped,^[4] and was subsequently bred to her son, who was also bred to his litter sisters. This tight inbreeding continued for some time to allow the breeders to "fix" the mutation, which has been widely marketed (beware of breeders selling their white Dobermans as "special" or "unique" for ridiculous prices). Doberman Pinschers of this color possess a genetic mutation, which prevents its pigment proteins from being manufactured, regardless of the genotypes of either of the two color genes; that is, it is an albino. Though some potential Doberman Pinscher owners find the color attractive, albino Doberman Pinschers, like albinos of other species, face increased risk of diseases and because of this and because of abnormal development of the retina, should avoid sun exposure as much as possible. The popularity of the "white" Doberman Pinscher has decreased dramatically as these risks have become known, with many people having called for an end to the breeding and marketing of the white Doberman Pinscher because they perceive it as cruelty to the animal. They are also not a correct representation of the breed, with many having unpredictable temperaments, and serious behavioral problems. Some countries have made the purposeful breeding of the white Doberman illegal, but breeders who care and take note of the ancestors can avoid breeding albinos as they are all descended from the original female. A list of every descendent of the original albino-producing dogs is available so that breeders can avoid producing this mutant dog.^[5] The American Kennel Club registers albino Doberman Pinschers but disqualifies them from conformation shows, and the Doberman Pinscher Club of America has actively worked to discourage breeding to obtain albino Doberman Pinschers.^[6] It has been suggested that mutant be merged into this article or section. ... The genotype is the specific genetic makeup (the specific genome) of an individual, usually in the form of DNA. It codes for the phenotype of that individual. ... Albinism is a genetic condition resulting in a lack of pigmentation in the eyes, skin and hair. ... Human eye cross-sectional view. ... © The American Kennel Club (or AKC) is the largest registry of purebred dog pedigrees in the United States. ... In a conformation show, judges familiar with specific dog breeds evaluate individual dogs for how well they conform to published breed standards. ...

Tails

Doberman with tail

Although the Doberman Pinscher has most commonly been seen with a short tail, it is actually born with a tail that is longer than many breeds'. The short tail is the result of docking, a procedure in which the majority of the tail is surgically removed within days of the dog's birth. Today, docking is illegal in many countries, but not in North America, France, Russia, Japan and a number of other countries with large Doberman populations. One argument for docking the Doberman's tail is that it completes the sleek look that the dog is supposed to have, since it was the way Louis Dobermann had originally envisioned the dog, even though nature did not. Schworzerose Mischief Girl (Missy) owned by Jackie Brooks. ... Schworzerose Mischief Girl (Missy) owned by Jackie Brooks. ... Docking is used as a term for the intentional removal of part of an animals tail or ears. ...

Few potential owners have a choice on the length of their Doberman Pinscher's tail, as docking is normally done soon after the dog's birth. This means that the breeder nearly always makes the decision before their dogs are even put on the market.

Ears

Doberman with natural ears.

Doberman Pinschers will often have their ears cropped, a procedure that is functionally related to both the traditional guard duty and to effective sound localization. Like tail docking, ear cropping is illegal in many countries, and in these Doberman Pinschers have natural ears. Doberman Pinscher ear cropping is usually done between 7 and 9 weeks of age. Cropping done after 12 weeks has a low rate of success in getting the ears to stand. Some Doberman Pinscher owners prefer not to have their pet's ears cropped because the procedure is painful for the animal. The process involves trimming off part of the animal's ears and propping them up with posts and tape bandages, which allows the cartilage to develop into an upright position as the puppy grows. The puppy will still have the ability to lay the ears back or down. The process of posting the ears generally takes about a month, but longer show crops can take several months. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (842x588, 152 KB) Dobermann Hündin 9 Jahre aufgenommen von mir an der Flensburger Förde am 28. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (842x588, 152 KB) Dobermann Hündin 9 Jahre aufgenommen von mir an der Flensburger Förde am 28. ... Docking is used as a term for the intentional removal of part of an animals tail or ears. ...

After the initial surgery has been done, the ears are taped. Ear taping uses posts to keep the ears straight in the upright position, allowing them to grow and strengthen the cartilage. There are many variables involved such as crop size, infection, healing, post choice, tape choice, time, etc.

The traditional Doberman has always been the one that has had both tail and ears cropped. Altough a number of countries such as Russia, Japan, Italy, United States and France to name a few still allow docking and cropping, it's illegal in some countries as well. In some breed shows Doberman Pinschers are allowed to compete with either cropped or uncropped ears. In Germany a cropped or docked dog cannot be shown regardless of country of origin. In a dog show, judges familiar with specific dog breeds evaluate individual dogs for how well they conform to published breed standards, hence the more accurate term is conformation show (or, sometimes, breed show). ...

Doberman's cropped tail.

--Exceptionalrule 22:27, 1 November 2007 (UTC) Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

Temperament

Doberman Pinschers are, in general, a gentle, loyal, loving, and highly intelligent breed. Although there is variation in temperament, a typical pet Doberman attacks only if it believes that it, its property, or its family are in danger. According to the US Centers for Disease Control, the Doberman Pinscher is less frequently involved in attacks on humans resulting in fatalities than several other dog breeds such as pit bull-type dogs, German Shepherd Dogs, Rottweilers and Alaskan Malamutes.^[7] Those familiar with the breed consider well-bred and properly socialized Doberman Pinschers to be excellent pets and companions, suitable for families with other dog breeds, excellent with young children, and even cats. The modern Doberman Pinscher is well known as a loyal and devoted family member. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (or CDC) is an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services based in Atlanta, Georgia. ... The American Pit Bull Terrier is one of several bull terrier breeds, often kept as a pet. ... The German Shepherd Dog (also Alsatian) is a popular breed of dog. ... This article is about the dog breed. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...

The Doberman Pinscher has been used as a protection and guard dog, due to its intelligence, loyalty, and ability to physically challenge human aggressors. Doberman Pinschers were once commonly used in police work and in the military. The breed was used extensively by the U.S. Marines in World War II, and 25 Marine War Dogs died in the Battle of Guam in 1944: there is a memorial in Guam in honor of these Doberman Pinschers.^[8] In these roles, they inspire fear. They are often stereotyped in such roles in movies (where they are trained to exhibit seemingly "aggressive" behavior), and video games, consequently many people are afraid of the breed. A related problem is the misunderstanding of their legitimate roles; because guard dogs are trained to neutralize unwelcome intruders, many people mistakenly believe that Doberman Pinschers are vicious.^[9] Due to these misconceptions it is not uncommon to see this breed mentioned in forms of breed specific legislation. United States Marine Corps Emblem The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is the second smallest of the five branches of the United States armed forces, with 170,000 active and 40,000 reserve Marines as of 2002. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Combatants United States Empire of Japan Commanders Roy S. Geiger Takeshi Takashima â€  Hideyoshi Obata â€  Strength 36,000 18,500 Casualties 3,000 killed, 7,122 wounded 18,000+ killed, 485 POWs Mariana and Palau Islands campaign Saipan – Philippine Sea – Guam – Tinian – Peleliu – Angaur The Guam Campaign The Battle of Guam... This article is about motion pictures. ... In psychology and other social and behavioral sciences, aggression refers to behavior that is intended to cause harm or pain. ... Computer and video games redirects here. ... Breed-specific legislation (BSL) is any law, ordinance or policy which pertains to a specifically named breed or breeds, but does not affect any others. ...

Health

An average, healthy Doberman Pinscher is expected to live about 10 years. Common health problems are dilated cardiomyopathy,^[10][11] wobbler disease,^[12] von Willebrand's disease (a bleeding disorder for which there is genetic testing).^[10] Other problems that are less severe or seen less frequently include: Dilated cardiomyopathy or DCM (also known as congestive cardiomyopathy), is a disease of the myocardium (the muscle of the heart) in which a portion of the myocardium is dilated, often without any obvious cause. ... Wobbler disease is a condition of the cervical vertebrae that causes an unsteady (wobbly) gait and weakness in dogs and horses. ... Von Willebrands disease (vWD) is the most common hereditary coagulation abnormality described in humans. ...

• Hypothyroidism ^[12]
• Cancer ^[12]
• Progressive retinal atrophy ^[13]
• Cataracts ^[10]
• Glaucoma ^[12]
• Copper toxicosis ^[12]
• Color dilution alopecia in blues and fawns^[10]
• Hip dysplasia ^[13]
• Peripheral neuropathy ("Dancing Doberman disease", very rare) ^[10]

This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Cancer is a class of diseases or disorders characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these to spread, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue through invasion, or by implantation into distant sites by metastasis (where cancer cells are transported through the bloodstream or lymphatic system). ... Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a genetic disease of the retina that occurs bilaterally and is seen in certain breeds of dogs. ... Cataract is also used to mean a waterfall or where the flow of a river changes dramatically. ... Copper Toxicosis is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder and is characterized by the accumulation of excess copper in the liver. ... Follicular dysplasia is a genetic disease of dogs causing alopecia, or hair loss. ... This article covers Hip dysplasia, a condition affecting the hip joint, which occurs in humans but is more commonly associated with animals, especially dogs (Canine hip dysplasia). ... Peripheral neuropathy is the term for damage to nerves of the peripheral nervous system, which may be caused either by diseases of the nerve or from the side-effects of systemic illness. ...

History

Doberman Pinschers were first bred in Germany around 1890 by Karl Friedrich Louis Dobermann. After his death in 1894, the Germans named the breed Dobermann-pinscher in his honor, but a half century later dropped the pinscher on the grounds that this German word for terrier was no longer appropriate. The British did the same thing a few years later. Dobermann was a tax collector who frequently traveled through many bandit-infested areas, and needed a protection dog to guard him in any situation that might arise. He set out to breed a new type of dog that, in his opinion, would be the perfect combination of strength, loyalty, intelligence, and ferocity. (He also worked with dogs in his second job as local dog-impounder, giving him access to dogs for breeding.) Later, Otto Goeller and Philip Gruening continued to develop the breed to become the dog that is seen today. Year 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ... A tax collector is a person who collects unpaid taxes from other people or corporations. ...

The breed is believed to have been created from several different breeds of dogs that had the characteristics that Dobermann was looking for, including the Pinscher, the Beauceron, the Rottweiler, the Thuringian Shepherd Dog, the black Greyhound, the Great Dane, the Weimaraner, the German Shorthaired Pointer, the Manchester Terrier and the German Shepherd Dog. The exact ratios of mixing, and even the exact breeds that were used, remains uncertain to this day, although many experts believe that the Doberman Pinscher is a combination of at least four of these breeds. The single exception is the documented cross with the Greyhound. It is also widely believed that the German Shepherd gene pool was the single largest contributor to the Doberman breed. The book entiled, "The Dobermann Pinscher," written by Philip Greunig (first printing in 1939), is generally considered the foremost study of the development of the breed by the most ardent students of the breed. Affenpinscher Doberman Pinscher (Dobermann) Pinscher is a German word meaning biter. ... The Beauceron is a herding dog breed from France. ... This article is about the dog breed. ... This article needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ... The Great Dane is a breed of dog known for its giant size and gentle personality. ... The Weimaraner is a silver-grey breed of dog developed originally for hunting. ... The German Shorthaired Pointer is a breed of dog developed in the 1800s in Germany for hunting. ... The Manchester Terrier is a breed of dog. ... The German Shepherd Dog (also Alsatian) is a popular breed of dog. ...

Famous Doberman Pinschers

• Bingo von Ellendonk - first Dobermann to score 300 points (perfect score) in Schutzhund. [1]
• Ch. Cambria Cactus Cash - Sired over 125 AKC champions.
• Graf Belling v. Grönland - first registered Dobermann. [2]
• Ch. Toledobe's Serenghetti - Top winning working and conformation bitch of all time [3]

Schutzhund is a dog sport that was developed in Germany in the early 1900s to test whether German Shepherd Dogs (GSD) act and peform in the manner that the breed was intended, rather than simply evaulating a dogs appearance. ...

Fictional Doberman Pinschers

• Devil,^[14] from the Burke series of novels by Andrew Vachss.
• Roscoe and DeSoto, from Oliver & Company.
• Zeus and Apollo, "The Lads" from Magnum, P.I.
• Sniper and Bill, from Ginga: Nagareboshi Gin.
• Lector and Thunder from Ginga Densetsu Weed.
• Blade, from the Batman cartoon series
• The Master's Devil Dog in Manos: The Hands of Fate
• On some episodes of The Simpsons, Mr. Burns' "hounds" resemble Dobermanns.
• Cerberus, a zombie dog from the Resident Evil (discluding Resident Evil 4)
• Blitz from Road Rovers

Andrew Vachss & Honey Pit Bull, courtesy of Ellery Queens Mystery Magazine Andrew Henry Vachss (born 1942) is an American crime fiction author, child protection consultant, and attorney exclusively representing children and youths. ... Oliver & Company is a 1988 animated feature film that was produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation. ... Magnum, P.I. is an American television show that followed the adventures of Thomas Magnum (played by Tom Selleck), a private investigator living in Hawaii. ... Ginga: Nagareboshi Gin (Silver Fang in English speaking countries; Hopeanuoli in Finland where it has become widely popular) is a 21 episode, 1986 anime series based on 1984 manga by the same name that was created by Yoshihiro Takahashi who was inspired by a news-article which told of hunting... Ginga Densetsu Weed (銀牙伝説ウィード Ginga Densetsu Uiido) is a Japanese manga series begun by Yoshihiro Takahashi in 1999. ... Batman (originally referred to as the Bat-Man and still referred to at times as the Batman) is a DC Comics fictional superhero who first appeared in Detective Comics #27 in May 1939. ... Manos The Hands of Fate is a film written, directed, and produced by American fertilizer salesman Hal Warren in 1966, as a result of a bet. ... Simpsons redirects here. ... Mr. ... A guard dog, watch dog, or sentry dog is a dog employed to guard against, or watch for, unwanted or unexpected animals or people. ... This article is about the undead. ... Resident Evil (known in Japan as Biohazard )) is a media franchise consisting of a survival horror video games series, comic books, novelizations, three Hollywood motion pictures, and a variety of collectibles, including action figures, strategy guides and publications. ... This entire article, especially the controversy section and the discussion of its cancellation does not cite any references or sources. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Dobermann

Additional clubs, associations, and societies

• The Doberman Pinscher Club of America and its breed standards
• United Doberman Club
• Doberman Pinscher Alliance of America
• Doberman Pinscher Club Of Canada

Directories and informational pages

• Dobermann Pedigrees - pedigrees, pictures, Dobermanns in Movie, etc.
• Dobermann Review
• DPCA Public Education Committee
• Doberman Pinscher Rescue Groups in the United States

Pedigree databases

• Dutch Dobermann Association official pedigree database (over 1750.000 pedigrees online)
• Dobermann Databases
• The Official Web Database from The Doberman Pinscher Club of America
• Dobermann Pedigrees Online

Dobermann welfare

• Dobermann Welfare Association

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...

References

1. ^ http://mail.ukcdogs.com/UKCweb.nsf/80de88211ee3f2dc8525703f004ccb1e/4f1ea5ff6d180b3585257044005de3eb?OpenDocument UKC breed standard. Retrieved March 23, 2007
2. ^ http://www.ckc.ca/en/Default.aspx?tabid=99&BreedCode=DBP Canadian Kennel Club: Doberman Pinscher breed standard. Size: "Males, decidedly masculine, without coarseness. Females, decidedly feminine, without over-refinement." Retrieved May 2, 2007
3. ^ http://www.dpca.org/color.chart.5.html Doberman Pinscher Club of America: Color Chart. Retrieved March 23, 2007
4. ^ http://www.dpca.org/albinoinfo1.html Doberman Pinscher Club of America: What is and Albon Doberman. Retrieved March 25, 2007
5. ^ http://www.dpca.org/zlist.html Doberman Pinscher Club of America: The Z List. Retrieved March 25, 2007
6. ^ http://www.dpca.org/ac.html Doberman Pinscher Club of America: Albino Committee. Retrieved March 25, 2007
7. ^ http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/duip/dogbreeds.pdf US Centers for Disease Control: Breeds of dogs involved in fatal human attacks in the United States between 1979 and 1998. Retrieved March 25, 2007
8. ^ http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Plains/7109/wardogs.html Doberman Wardog Memorial. Retrieved March 25, 2007
9. ^ Mad Dog, in Born Bad, (collection of short works) by Andrew Vachss. Vintage, 1994. Discusses and refutes common misconceptions concerning the Doberman's temperament. Dobermans are also thought to be a dog involved in dog fighting. This is not true. They are considered not suitable for dog fighting because their long ears(even when cropped) would unfortunately get torn off almost every time.
10. ^ ^{a b c d e} http://www.upei.ca/~cidd/breeds/doberman2.htm Canine Inherited Disorders Database: Doberman Pinscher. Retrieved March 25, 2007
11. ^ http://www.uniteddobermanclub.com/breed/health.html United Doberman Club: Health Issues in Dobermans. Retrieved March 25, 2007
12. ^ ^{a b c d e} http://www.dpcc.ca/dpcc-health.htm Doberman Pinscher Club of Canada: Health Issues in the Doberman Pinscher. Retrieved March 25, 2007
13. ^ ^{a b} http://www.dpca.org/gendisease.html Doberman Pinscher Club of America: Genetic and Suspect Genetic Health Conditions in the Doberman Pinscher. Retrieved March 26, 2007
14. ^ Devil on the Line, excerpted from Flood, by Andrew Vachss. Vintage, 1997