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Encyclopedia > Doctor of the Science of Law

Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... It has been suggested that Professional degree be merged into this article or section. ... The stela of King Hammurabi depicts the god Shamash revealing a code of laws to the king. ...


In the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand, the degree is a higher doctorate usually awarded on the basis of exceptionally insightful and distinctive publications that contain significant and original contributions to the study of law. Some universities, such as the University of Oxford, award a Doctor of Civil Law degree instead. In Canada, LL.D and Doctor of Civil Law degrees are awarded as substitute of Ph.D. in law. In South Africa, the LL.D. is awarded by many university law faculties as the highest degree in law, based upon research and completion of a Ph.D. equivalent dissertation. The LL.D. may also be awarded as an honorary degree based upon a person's contributions to society. To publish is to make publicly known, and in reference to text and images, it can mean distributing paper copies to the public, or putting the content on a website. ... The University of Oxford (often called Oxford University), located in the city of Oxford, England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... Some universities, such as the University of Oxford, award Doctor of Civil Law (DCL) degrees instead of Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) degrees. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... An honorary degree (Latin: honoris causa ad gradum, not to be confused with an honors degree) is an academic degree awarded to an individual as a decoration, rather than as the result of matriculating and studying for several years. ...


In Malta, the LL.D. is a post-graduate doctoral degree requiring at least three years of full time study at the University of Malta[1], Malta's national university. Students are required to complete coursework in a number of core areas of law, as well as to submit a thesis which is to be "an original work on the approved subject or other contribution to the knowledge showing that he/she has carried out sufficient research therein" [2]. It confers the title of Doctor, which in Malta is rigorously used to address a holder of the degree. The LL.D. is also required for admission to the profession of advocate in Malta. The University of Malta is the highest teaching institution in the Republic of Malta. ... It has been suggested that Barrister#Advocates in Scotland be merged into this article or section. ...


In Malta, practising lawyers are of three designations - legal procurators, notaries and advocates. A one-year full time taught post-graduate diploma of Notary Public (N.P.) is required for admission to the profession of notary public, while a taught post-graduate diploma of Legal Procurator (L.P.) is required for admission to the profession of legal procurator. A legal procurator is a lawyer in Malta that has rights of audience in the lower courts, a profession that was existent in Malta as early, and even prior to 1553[3]. The Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree, also offered by the university, is a graduate degree that of itself is not sufficient for admission into any of the legal professions. All three professions also require members to be holders of a warrant issued by the President of Malta, obtainable after a minimum of one year of work experience in that profession, and examination. It is not possible for a Maltese lawyer to hold a warrant in more than one of the professions at a time. An Embossed Notary Seal. ... This article is about academic degrees. ...


In the United States, the LL.D. is almost always an honorary degree. The Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D. or J.S.D.), sometimes awarded as Doctor of the Science of Law, is the degree awarded for research in the form of a dissertation, the equivalent to a Ph.D. in law. An honorary degree (Latin: honoris causa ad gradum, not to be confused with an honors degree) is an academic degree awarded to an individual as a decoration, rather than as the result of matriculating and studying for several years. ... This article is about the thesis in dialectics and academia. ...


Most people who pursue the SJD intend upon a career as a law professor or other legal scholar, as the Juris Doctor (JD) is the professional degree required for contemporary law practice in the United States and the SJD is not required for professional practice, but as a JD and usually an LLM are prerequisites, individuals aspiring to the SJD already possess the JD in some form. Moreover, lower graduate (not professional) degrees in law (e.g., LL.M.) exist for further study of specific areas of law, such as taxation or intellectual property. Therefore, most scholars who take the doctoral graduate degree intend study in a very specific field of law or to continue work beyond what research experience a Master of Arts would provide. Legal scholars who intend to teach in the United States but who were educated elsewhere are attracted to the doctoral degree because many hold degrees that would be considered equal to the bachelor's rather than a master's or JD in the United States. In the United States, a law school is an institution where students obtain a professional education in law. ... Juris Doctor (J.D.) is a first degree in law offered by universities in a number of countries, most notably the United States. ... The Master of Laws is an advanced law degree that allows someone to specialize in a particular area of law. ... A Master of Arts is a postgraduate academic masters degree awarded by universities in North America and the United Kingdom (excluding the ancient universities of Scotland and Oxbridge. ...


Plural abbreviations in Latin are formed by doubling the letter, hence the double "L." Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ...


See also


Juris Doctor (J.D.) is a first degree in law offered by universities in a number of countries, most notably the United States. ... The Master of Laws is an advanced law degree that allows someone to specialize in a particular area of law. ... The degree of Bachelor of Laws (or Baccalaureate of Laws) is the principal academic degree in law in most common law countries other than the United States, where it has been replaced by the Juris Doctor degree. ... Doctor of Canon Law (Latin: Juris Canonici Doctor; J.C.D.) is the doctoral level terminal degree in canon law. ...

Academic degrees
Associate's degrees (U.S.) AA, AAS, ABA, ABS, AOS, AS
Foundation degrees (U.K.) FdA, FdEd, FdEng, FdMus, FdBus, FdSc, FdTech
Bachelor's degrees AB or BA, BAccty, BAdm, BAgrEc, BArch, BBA, BBus, BCom or BComm, BCS, BCL, BD, BDent, BEc, BEng or BE, BFA, BHE, BHK, BJ, BLibStud, BMath, BMus,BSN, BPE, BPharm, BS or BSc, BSocSci, BTech, LLA, LLB, MB ChB or MB BS or BM BS or MB BChir or MB BCh BAO, MA (Cantab.), MA (Dubl.), MA (Hons), MA (Oxon.)
Master's degrees MA, Lic Arts, MS or MSc, MSt, MALD, MApol, MPhil, MRes, MFA, MTh, MTS, MDiv, MBA, MPA, MPD, MPS, MProfStuds, MJ, MSW, MPAff, MLIS, MLitt, MPH, MPM, MPP, MPT, MRE, MTheol, LLM, MEng, MSci, MBio, MChem, MPhys, MMath, MMus, MESci, MGeol, MTCM, MSSc, BCL (Oxon), BPhil (Oxon), ThM
Licentiate degrees: LDS, JCL, STL, LSS
Specialist degrees EdS, SSP, CAS
Engineer's degrees AE, ChE, BE, CE, CE, EE, CpE, ECS, EnvE, MSE, MechE, NavE, NuclE, Ocean E, SysE
First-Professional Degrees AuD, DC, DCM, DDS, DMD, JD, MD (US), ND, OD, DO, PharmD, DP, PodD, DPM, MDiv, MHL, DVM
Doctoral degrees PhD, EdD, DEng, EngD, DBA, DD, DSc, DLitt, DA, MD, DMA, DMus, DCL, ThD, DrPH, DPT, DPhil, PsyD, DSW, LLD, LHD, JSD, SJD, STD

It must be noted that in Italy, Doctor of Law is the title, given to anybody who graduates from the university having finished a normal university degree studies. These can be compared to the British-system Bachelor of Laws degree. It has been suggested that Professional degree be merged into this article or section. ... An Associate Degree is an academic degree awarded by community colleges, junior colleges and some bachelors degree-granting colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study usually lasting two years. ... United States is the current Good Article Collaboration of the week! Please help to improve this article to the highest of standards. ... The Foundation Degree is a vocational qualification introduced by the UK government in September 2001. ... Motto: (Royal motto) (French: God and my right)3 Anthem: God Save the Queen 4 Capital London Most populous conurbation Greater London Urban Area English (de facto)5 Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen HM Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister The Rt Hon Tony Blair MP Formation    - Union of the Crowns 24... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... A Bachelor of Arts (B.A. or A.B., from the Latin Artium Baccalaureus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a course or program in the arts and/or sciences. ... A Bachelor of Arts (B.A. or A.B., from the Latin Artium Baccalaureus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a course or program in the arts and/or sciences. ... The degree of Bachelor of Accountancy is the principal academic degree in Accountancy. ... The Bachelor of Architecture (BArch) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a course of study that generally lasts five years in North America. ... Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) is a bachelor degree in Business Administration. ... A Bachelor of Business (BBus) is a three or four year business degree offered by many universities around the world, particularly in Australia and New Zealand. ... A Bachelor of Commerce is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a curriculum that generally lasts three years in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom or four years in North America and South Africa. ... A Bachelor of Commerce is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a curriculum that generally lasts three years in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom or four years in North America and South Africa. ... Bachelor of Computer Science (abbreviated B.CompSc. ... Bachelor of Civil Law or BCL is the name of various degrees in law in English-speaking countries. ... A Bachelor of Divinity (BD or BDiv) is usually an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a courses taken in the study of divinity or related disciplines, such as theology or, rarely, religious studies. ... ... Bachelor of Engineering (BAI (in latin), BEng, BE, or BESc) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded to a student after three or four years of studying engineering at an accredited university in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and other countries, such as Australia and India. ... Bachelor of Engineering (BAI (in latin), BEng, BE, or BESc) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded to a student after three or four years of studying engineering at an accredited university in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and other countries, such as Australia and India. ... The Bachelor of Fine Arts, usually abbreviated BFA, is the standard undergraduate degree for students seeking a professional education in the visual or performing arts. ... The purpose of the Bachelor of Liberal Studies degree is to provide students with a solid multidisciplinary preparation in the Humanities, Natural Sciences, Social Sciences and the Arts, subsequently allowing them to pursue careers in education, business, government, and other such fields. ... A Bachelor of Mathematics is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a courses taken in the study of mathematics or related disciplines, such as computer science or statistics. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Bachelor of Nursing (BN, aka Bachelor of Science in Nursing, BSN, BScN) is a four year academic degree in the science and principles of nursing, often granted by a university or similarly accredited school. ... A Bachelor of Pharmacy (abbreviated BPharm) is an undergraduate academic degree in the field of pharmacy. ... A Bachelor of Science (B.S., B.Sc. ... A Bachelor of Science (B.S., B.Sc. ... A Bachelor of Technology is an undergraduate academic degree in the United Kingdom, India, Ireland, Norway, Canada and other countries. ... A Lady Literate in Arts or LLA qualification was offered by St. ... The degree of Bachelor of Laws (or Baccalaureate of Laws) is the principal academic degree in law in most common law countries other than the United States, where it has been replaced by the Juris Doctor degree. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... The degree of Master of Arts degree is an undergraduate degree awarded by the universities of Oxford and Cambridge as well as by the University of Dublin. ... The degree of Master of Arts degree is an undergraduate degree awarded by the universities of Oxford and Cambridge as well as by the University of Dublin. ... A Master of Arts in Scotland is an undergraduate academic degree in humanities and social sciences awarded by the five ancient universities. ... The degree of Master of Arts degree is an undergraduate degree awarded by the universities of Oxford and Cambridge as well as by the University of Dublin. ... A masters degree is an academic degree usually awarded for completion of a postgraduate (or graduate) course of one to three years in duration. ... A Master of Arts is a postgraduate academic masters degree awarded by universities in North America and the United Kingdom (excluding the ancient universities of Scotland and Oxbridge. ... The Licentiate of Arts is a degree roughly equivalent to the completion of half the coursework required for a doctoral dissertation in arts. ... A masters degree is an academic degree usually awarded for completion of a postgraduate (or graduate) course of one to three years in duration. ... A masters degree is an academic degree usually awarded for completion of a postgraduate (or graduate) course of one to three years in duration. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy#Degree programs. ... In the usage of the United Kingdom, United States, Australia, New Zealand and some other countries, the Master of Philosophy (M.Phil. ... In the U.K., the Master of Research degree is an advanced postgraduate degree available in a range of academic diciplines. ... For alternate uses, see MFA (disambiguation). ... A Masters degree which is typically earned after one has already completed a Master of Divinity or a Master of Theological Studies. ... The Master of Theological Studies (MTS) is a two-year graduate degree offered by many theological schools. ... Master of Divinity is a common degree among theological seminaries and is considered the minimum academic requirement for ordination into pastoral ministry. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Master of Public Administration (M.P.A.) historically has been a professional Masters degree that provides training in public policy, project and program implementation—that is, public management. ... Master of Professional Studies (MPS, or MProfStuds, or MProfStudies) is a terminal interdisciplinary academic degree and is sometimes used by programs that do not fit into any traditional categories. ... Master of Professional Studies (MPS, or MProfStuds, or MProfStudies) is a terminal interdisciplinary academic degree and is sometimes used by programs that do not fit into any traditional categories. ... The Master of Social Work (MSW) is a type of masters degree which is received from a graduate school that has been approved by the Council on Social Work Education. ... The Master of Public Administration (M.P.A.) historically has been a professional Masters degree that provides training in public policy, project and program implementation - that is, public management. ... The Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS) is the masters degree required for most professional librarian positions. ... A Master of Letters (M.Litt. ... The master of public health is a professional masters degree awarded for studies in areas related to public health. ... Masters of Pest Management, offered by Simon Fraser University [1] Master of Public Management Category: ... The Master of Public Policy (M.P.P.) is a professional Masters degree that traditionally provided training in policy analysis and program evaluation at public policy schools. ... The Master of Religious Education is a terminal academic degree in preparation for professional teaching ministry, usually offered by Christian institutions. ... A Masters degree which is typically earned after one has already completed a Master of Divinity or a Master of Theological Studies. ... The Master of Laws is an advanced law degree that allows someone to specialize in a particular area of law. ... A Master of Engineering (M.Eng. ... A Master of Physics (or MPhys) degree is a specific masters degree for courses in the field of physics. ... A Master of Mathematics (or MMath) degree is a specific masters degree for courses in the field of mathematics. ... The Master of Music (M.M. or M.Mus. ... A Master of Social Science (MSSc) is a taught Masters degree in the United Kingdom. ... Bachelor of Civil Law or BCL is the name of various degrees in law in English-speaking countries. ... Bachelor of Philosophy (B.Phil. ... A Masters degree which is typically earned after one has already completed a Master of Divinity or a Master of Theological Studies. ... Licentiate is the title of a person who holds an academic degree called a license. ... A Licentiate in Sacred Theology, commonly known in academia as STL, is an advanced degree offered by colleges and universities specializing in theology. ... The Specialist degree in the English-speaking world The Specialist degree is found in some programs of education or psychology and is awarded for study beyond the Masters degree but below the doctorate. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The term engineers degree may be used to represent a graduate academic degree intermediate in rank between a masters degree and a doctorate (U.S.), or it may also represent a higher (in total, 6-year) degree equivalent to or slightly more extensive than a masters degree... Aerospace engineering is the branch of engineering that concerns aircraft, spacecraft, and related topics. ... ur mom Chemical engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the application of physical science (in particular chemistry and physics) and mathematics to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms. ... The Falkirk Wheel in Scotland. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... Electrical Engineers design power systems… … and complex electronic circuits. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... An Environmental Engineer is a professional engineer who applies engineering principles to the solution of environmental problems. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The W16 engine from a Bugatti Veyron Mechanical engineering is a very broad field of engineering that involves the application of physical principles for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. ... Nuclear engineering is the practical application of the atomic nucleus gleaned from principles of nuclear physics and the interaction between radiation and matter. ... Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary approach and means for enabling the realization and deployment of successful systems. ... The Doctorate of Audiology (Au. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Doctor of Dental Surgery (D.D.S.) suffix denotes one of two common doctorates in the United States for dentists, the other being Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD). ... The DMD suffix denotes one of two common doctorates in the United States for dentists, the other being Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS). ... Juris Doctor (J.D.) is a first degree in law offered by universities in a number of countries, most notably the United States. ... Doctor of Medicine (M.D., from the Latin Medicinæ Doctor) is an academic degree. ... Naturopathic medicine (also known as naturopathy) is a school of medical philosophy and practice that seeks to improve health and treat disease chiefly by assisting the bodys innate capacity to recover from illness and injury. ... Optometry is the health care profession concerned with examination, diagnosis, and treatment of the eyes and related structures, and with determination and correction of vision problems using lenses and other optical aids [1]. An optometrist (Greek: optos meaning seen or visible and metria meaning measurement) is an eye care professional... Osteopathy is a body of medicine that originally used strictly manipulative techniques for correcting somatic abnormalities thought to cause disease and inhibit recovery. ... In the United States the Pharm. ... A podiatrist (US English), or chiropodist (British English), is a podiatry professional, that is a person devoted to the study and treatment of disorders of the foot and ankle. ... Master of Divinity is a common degree among theological seminaries and is considered the minimum academic requirement for ordination into pastoral ministry. ... A veterinary surgeon removes stitches from a cats face following minor surgery on an absess. ... Aquatint of a Doctor in Divinity at the University of Oxford, in the scarlet and black academic robes corresponding to his position. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Doctor of Education degree (Ed. ... A Doctor of Engineering is a university academic degree. ... The Engineering Doctorate (EngD) is a UK scheme takes the traditional PhD a step further. ... The degree of Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) is a professional research doctorate. ... Doctor of Divinity (D.D., Divinitatis Doctor in Latin) is an academic degree. ... D.Sc. ... A Doctor of Letters is a university academic degree. ... The Doctor of Arts (D.A., or occasionally D.Arts. ... Doctor of Medicine (M.D., from the Latin Medicinæ Doctor) is an academic degree. ... The Doctor of Musical Arts degree (D.M.A., or A.Mus. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Some universities, such as the University of Oxford, award Doctor of Civil Law (DCL) degrees instead of Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) degrees. ... Doctor of Theology (in Latin Theologiae Doctor) is a terminal academic degree in theology. ... The Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) is a postbaccaluareate degree conferred upon successful completion of a doctoral level professional (entry-level) or postprofessional education program. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Doctor of Psychology (Psy. ... The Doctor of Social Work (D.S.W. or Ph. ... Legum Doctor (English: Doctor of Laws; abbreviated to LL.D.) In the UK, Australia and New Zealand, the LL.D. is a higher doctorate usually awarded on the basis of exceptionally insightful and distinctive publications, containing significant and original contributions to the science or study of law. ... The Doctor of Sacred Theology (S.T.D. = Sacrae Theologiae Doctor) is the final degree in the Pontifical University System of the Roman Catholic Church. ...



 
 

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