 Dolores Ibarruri Dolores Ibárruri Gómez, also known as La Pasionaria (the passion flower) (November 12, 1895–December 9, 1989) was a Spanish political leader. She was Secretary General of the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) (1944–1960), President of the Communist Party of Spain (1960–1989), and a member of the Cortes (1936 and 1977–1979). Dolores Ibarruri File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Dolores is a first name. ...
Species Passiflora amalocarpa Passiflora amethystina Passiflora aurantia Passiflora caerulea Passiflora capsularis Passiflora edulis Passiflora foetida Passiflora helleri Passiflora holosericea Passiflora incarnata Passiflora karwinskii Passiflora mucronata Passiflora murucuja Passiflora tenuifila Passiflora tulae Passiflora vitifolia Passiflora yucatanensis Passion flower refers to vines in the genus Passiflora—flowering plants known for their showy...
November 12 is the 316th day of the year (317th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 49 days remaining. ...
1895 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
December 9 is the 343rd day (344th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1989 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Categories: Communist parties | Spanish political parties ...
The Cortes Generales (English: General Courts) is the Spanish legislature. ...
Born into a poor mining family in the town of Gallarta, province of Vizcaya, in the Basque Country of Spain, Ibárruri was the eighth of eleven children. She wanted to teach, but her family could not afford to pay for her schooling. She was involved in social struggles from her youth. In 1916, at the age of twenty, she married Julian Ruiz, a miner and political activist. She had six children, but four died before adulthood due, in part, to their extreme poverty. Vizcaya province Vizcaya (Basque Bizkaia) is a province of northern Spain, in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. ...
This article is about the traditional Basque domain. ...
After his participation in the general strike of 1917, Ruiz was imprisoned, which exacerbated the family's financial hardship. Ibárruri studied the writings of Karl Marx and joined the Communist Party (PCE). She wrote articles for El Minero Vizcaino, the miners' newspaper, under the pseudonym of Pasionaria, passion flower. Karl Marx Karl Marx (May 5, 1818 – March 14, 1883) was an influential German philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary organizer of the International Workingmens Association. ...
A pseudonym is a fictitious name used by an individual as an alternative to their legal name (whereas an allonym is the name of another actual person assumed by one person in authorship of a work of art; e. ...
In 1920, she was elected to the Provincial Committee of the Basque Communist Party. She gained respect and popularity, and in 1930 was elected to the Central Committee of the Spanish Communist Party.
With the advent of the Second Republic in 1931 she moved to Madrid, where she became editor of the left-wing newspaper, Mundo Obrero. She worked for the improvement of conditions for women. Later she was elevated to the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Party. Due to her activities, she was arrested and imprisoned several times. Her speaking abilities made her one of the chief representatives of the PCE. She was a delegate to the Communist International (Comintern) in Moscow in 1933. The first edition of Communist International, journal of the Comintern published in Moscow and Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) in May 1919. ...
The first edition of Communist International, journal of the Comintern published in Moscow and Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) in May 1919. ...
She was elected to the Cortes in 1936, and campaigned for improved working, housing, and health conditions. With the outbreak of the Civil War she raised her voice in defense of the Republic with the famous slogan ¡No Pasarán! ("They Shall Not Pass"). Her speeches rallied a large part of the population, particularly the women, to the anti-fascist cause. She took part in different committees with personages like Palmiro Togliatti to win aid for the Republican cause. Nevertheless, after three bloody years, in 1939, with the capture of Madrid, the fascist forces prevailed. Ibárruri went into exile in the USSR, where she continued her political activity. Her only son, Ruben, joined the Red Army, and perished in the Battle of Stalingrad in 1942. Palmiro Togliatti (March 26, 1893 - August 21, 1964) was an Italian communist leader. ...
Red Army flag The short forms Red Army and RKKA refer to the Workers and Peasants Red Army, (Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия - Raboche-Krestyanskaya Krasnaya Armiya in Russian), the armed forces organised by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918. ...
Battle of Stalingrad Conflict World War II Date June 28, 1942 - February 2, 1943 Place Stalingrad, USSR Result Soviet victory The Battle of Stalingrad was a major turning point in World War II, and is considered the bloodiest battle in human history and arguably one of the greatest come-backs...
In May, 1944 she became Secretary General of the PCE, a position she held until 1960, when she took over the title President of the PCE until her death. In the early Sixties she was granted Soviet citizenship. Her political work was recognized during these years and she received an honorary doctorate from the University of Moscow. In addition she received the Lenin Peace Prize (1964) and the Order of Lenin (1965). Her autobiography, No Pasaran (They Shall Not Pass), was published in 1966. Anti-US sticker of PCE from 1948. ...
Anti-US sticker of PCE from 1948. ...
Moscow State University campus M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (Московский Государственный Университет имени М.В.Ломоносова, often abbreviated МГУ, MSU, MGU) is considered the oldest university in Russia, founded in 1755. ...
The International Stalin Peace Prize (renamed Международная Ленинская премия «За укрепление мира между народами», the International Lenin Peace Prize as a result of destalinization) was the Soviet Unions answer to the Nobel Peace Prize. ...
The Order of Lenin (in Russian, the Orden Lenina (О́рден Ле́нина)), named after the leader of the Russian Revolution, was the highest national order of the Soviet Union. ...
After the death of Francisco Franco in 1975 she returned to her native land. She was elected a deputy to the Cortes in June 1977, in the first elections after the restoration of democracy. PCE sticker from 1977, featuring Pasionaria. ...
PCE sticker from 1977, featuring Pasionaria. ...
Francisco Franco, late in life Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco y Bahamonde Salgado Pardo de Andrade (December 4, 1892 - November 20, 1975), abbreviated Francisco Franco Bahamonde and sometimes known as Generalísimo Francisco Franco, was dictator of Spain from 1939 until his death in 1975. ...
The Spanish transition to democracy or new bourbon restoration was the era when Spain moved from the dictatorship of Francisco Franco to a liberal democratic state. ...
Ibárruri died of pneumonia at the age of 93 in Madrid.
List of works
- Dolores Ibárruri: Speeches & Articles 1936-1938, New York, 1938.
- El único camino, Moscow, 1963.
- They Shall Not Pass, The Autobiography of La Pasionaria, New York, 1966.
External link - Spartacus International article on Dolores Ibárruri (http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/SPibarruri.htm)
- PCE Homepage (http://www.pce.es)
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