This is a list of animals that have been domesticated by humans. Domesticated animals, plants, and other organisms are those whose collective behavior, life cycle, or physiology has been altered as a result of their breeding and living conditions being under human control for multiple generations. ... Human beings are defined variously in biological, spiritual, and cultural terms, or in combinations thereof. ...

The list includes species or larger formal and informal zoological categories that include at least some domesticated individuals.

To be considered domesticated, a population of animals must have their behavior, life cycle, or physiology systemically altered as a result of being under humans control for many generations. (Please see the main article on domestication for more information.) Animals included in this list that do not fully meet this criterion are designated "captive-bred" or semi-domesticated. The term domestic animal applies to domesticated animals that actually live in physical proximity to humans, such as pets and guard animals, or even food species kept very close, e.g. to live on domestic food scraps and/or so their body heat can be used as 'stable heating'. Ethology is the scientific study of animal behaviour considered as a branch of zoology. ... A life cycle includes the major sexual stages of a species, especially in regard to its ploidy. ... Physiology (in Greek physis = nature and logos = word) is the study of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of living organisms. ... Domesticated animals, plants, and other organisms are those whose collective behavior, life cycle, or physiology has been altered as a result of their breeding and living conditions being under human control for multiple generations. ...

This list is organized by the original or primary purpose for which the animals were domesticated. Animals with more than one significant human use have been listed in more than one category.

Socio-economical uses

The body and natural produce, as well as the labour and senses of various animals have been made useful for a wide variety of human activities. In this section profitable uses are treated; naturally other purposes usually also have an economical value

Food

• Livestock
  • cattle
  • deer
  • goat
    

    Black and brown goat
  • honey bee
  • pig
  • sheep
• Fowl
  • chicken
  • duck
  • goose
  • guinea fowl
  • pigeon
  • swan (captive-bred)
  • turkey
• Other food sources
  • dog
  • guinea pig
  • rabbit
  • snails
• Raised as food for other animals
  • cricket (captive-bred)
  • mealworm
  • nightcrawler or earthworm (captive-bred)

Sheep are commonly bred as livestock. ... Binomial name Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle (called cows in vernacular usage) are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. ... Subfamilies Capreolinae Cervinae Hydropotinae Muntiacinae A deer is a ruminant mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. ... Species See Species and subspecies A goat is a mammal in the genus Capra, which consists of nine species: the Ibex, the West Caucasian Tur, the East Caucasian Tur, the Markhor, and the Wild Goat. ... Download high resolution version (1600x1285, 274 KB)Young brown and black goat File links The following pages link to this file: Domestic Goat List of domesticated animals Domestic User:Fir0002/Fir0002 gallery Categories: GFDL images ... Download high resolution version (1600x1285, 274 KB)Young brown and black goat File links The following pages link to this file: Domestic Goat List of domesticated animals Domestic User:Fir0002/Fir0002 gallery Categories: GFDL images ... The honeybee is a colonial insect that is often maintained, fed, and transported by farmers. ... Species Sus barbatus Sus bucculentus Sus cebifrons Sus celebensis Sus domesticus Sus heureni Sus philippensis Sus salvanius Sus scrofa Sus timoriensis Sus verrucosus Pigs are ungulates native to Eurasia collectively grouped under the genus Sus within the Suidae family. ... Species See text A Sheep is a mammal known as Keating, one of several woolly ruminant quadrupeds in the genus Ovis. ... A fowl is a bird of any kind, although some types of birds use the word specifically in their names (for example, Guineafowl and Peafowl). ... Binomial name Gallus gallus (Linnaeus, 1758) A chicken (Gallus gallus) is a type of domesticated bird which is often raised as a type of poultry. ... Subfamilies Dendrocygninae Oxyurinae Anatinae Merginae Duck is the common name for a number of species in the Anatidae bird family. ... Genera Anser Branta Chen Cereopsis Cnemiornis (extinct) † see also: Swan, Duck Anatidae Goose (plural geese) is the general English name for a considerable number of birds, belonging to the family Anatidae. ... Genera  Agelastes  Numida  Guttera  Acryllium The guineafowl are a family of birds in the same order as the pheasants, turkeys and other game birds. ... Pigeon redirects here. ... Genera Cygnus Coscoroba Swans are large water birds of the family Anatidae, which also includes geese and ducks. ... Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris (Linnaeus, 1758) The dog is a canine mammal of the Order Carnivora and it has been argued the dog has been domesticated for 12,000 years, but perhaps for as long as 150,000 years based on recent genetic evidence. ... Species Cavia porcellus Cavia aperea Cavia tschudii Cavia guianae Cavia anolaimae Cavia nana Cavia fulgida Cavia magna Cavia intermedia Guinea pigs (also called cavies) are rodents belonging to the family Caviidae and the genus Cavia. ... Genera Pentalagus Bunolagus Nesolagus Romerolagus Brachylagus Sylvilagus Oryctolagus Poelagus The bane of Australian farmers - the wild rabbit Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae, found in many parts of the world. ... Giant African Snail (Achatina fulica) The name snail applies to most members of the molluscan class Gastropoda that have coiled shells. ... Genera Crickets, family Gryllidae (also known as true crickets), are insects related to grasshoppers and katydids (order Orthoptera). ... About Mealworms Mealworms nestled in a bedding of bran within a plastic container. ... Binomial name Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus, 1758 Lumbricus terrestris is a large reddish worm native to Europe. ... Earthworm is the common reference for the larger members of the Oligochaeta (which is either a class or subclass depending on the author) in the phylum Annelida. ...

Other animal-produced Commodities

• Fiber (for textiles)
  • chinchilla (captive-bred)
  • rabbit
  • dog Some long haired dogs in Russia have had their hair spun into a type of yarn.
    • wolf
  • sheep
  • silk worm
  • camel
  • yak
  • possum
  • cat
• Leather or furs
  • alligator (captive-bred)
  • cattle
  • ermine (captive-bred)
  • ferret
  • fox (captive-bred)
  • mink (captive-bred)
  • ostrich (captive-bred)
  • otter (captive-bred)
• Other commodities
  • pearl oyster (captive-bred)

Fiber (American English) or fibre (Commonwealth English) is a class of materials that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated pieces, similar to pieces of thread. ... Genera  Chinchilla  Lagidium  Lagostomus Chinchillas and their relatives viscachas are small, nocturnal mammals native to the Andes mountains in South America and belonging to the family Chinchillidae. ... Genera Pentalagus Bunolagus Nesolagus Romerolagus Brachylagus Sylvilagus Oryctolagus Poelagus The bane of Australian farmers - the wild rabbit Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae, found in many parts of the world. ... Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris (Linnaeus, 1758) The dog is a canine mammal of the Order Carnivora and it has been argued the dog has been domesticated for 12,000 years, but perhaps for as long as 150,000 years based on recent genetic evidence. ... Yarn. ... Wolf Wolf Man Mount Wolf Wolf Prizes Wolf Spider Wolf 424 Wolf 359 Wolf Point Wolf-herring Frank Wolf Friedrich Wolf Friedrich August Wolf Hugo Wolf Johannes Wolf Julius Wolf Max Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf Maximilian Wolf Rudolf Wolf Thomas Wolf As Name Wolf Breidenbach Wolf Hirshorn Other The call... Species See text A Sheep is a mammal known as Keating, one of several woolly ruminant quadrupeds in the genus Ovis. ... Binomial name Bombyx mori Linnaeus, 1758 For the band named Silkworm, see Silkworm (band). ... Species Camelus bactrianus Camelus dromedarius A camel is either of the two species of large even-toed ungulate in the genus Camelus, the Dromedary (Single hump) and the Bactrian Camel (Double hump). ... Binomial name Bos gruniens Linnaeus, 1766 Subspecies The yak (Bos grunniens) is a long-haired humped domestic bovine found in Tibet and throughout the Himalayan region of south central Asia. ... A possum is any of about 25 small to medium-sized arboreal marsupials native to Australia. ... Trinomial name Felis silvestris catus (Linnaeus, 1758) This article is about the domestic cat. ... Modern leather-working tools Leather is a material created through the tanning of hides, pelts and skins of animals, primarily cows. ... A dogs fur usually consists of longer, stiffer, guard hairs—which can be straight, wiry, or wavy, and of various lengths— that hide a soft, short-haired undercoat. ... Species Alligator mississippiensis Alligator sinensis An alligator is a crocodile in the genus Alligator of the family Alligatoridae. ... Binomial name Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle (called cows in vernacular usage) are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. ... The ermine (Mustela erminea) is a dark brown weasel, with a distinctive black-tipped tail. ... Trinomial name Mustela putorius furo (Linnaeus, 1758) This article is about the mammal. ... A fox is a member of any of 27 species of small omnivorous canids. ... An American Mink, Mustela vison, in the wild. ... Binomial name Struthio camelus Linnaeus, 1758 The ostrich (Struthio camelus) is a flightless bird native to Africa. ... Genera Amblonyx Aonyx Enhydra Lontra Lutra Lutrogale Pteronura Otters are aquatic or marine carnivorous mammals, members of the large and diverse family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, polecats, badgers, and others. ... Nuclei from Toba Pearl Island, Japan A pearl is a hard, rounded object produced by certain mollusks, primarily oysters. ...

Labor and similar activities

See the article on Working animals for various ways in which the muscle power, sensorial functions and other natural abilities of animals (not always domesticated) are put to use in the service of human culture A working animal is an animal that doesnt live in the wild but is kept by humans, and often trained, to perform various tasks, regardless whether they are also used for consumption of meat and milk or for other produce such as leather etc. ...

• alpaca
• camel
• dog
• donkey
• elephant (captive-bred)
• ferret
• horse
• llama
• oxen
• reindeer (domesticated caribou)
• water buffalo
• yak

Binomial name Lama pacos (Linnaeus, 1758) The Alpaca is one of two domesticated breeds of South American camel-like ungulates, derived from the wild guanaco. ... Species Camelus bactrianus Camelus dromedarius A camel is either of the two species of large even-toed ungulate in the genus Camelus, the Dromedary (Single hump) and the Bactrian Camel (Double hump). ... Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris (Linnaeus, 1758) The dog is a canine mammal of the Order Carnivora and it has been argued the dog has been domesticated for 12,000 years, but perhaps for as long as 150,000 years based on recent genetic evidence. ... Binomial name Equus asinus Linnaeus, 1758 The donkey, a. ... Genera and Species Loxodonta Loxodonta cyclotis Loxodonta africana Elephas Elephas maximus Elephas recki † Stegodon † Mammuthus † Elephantidae (the elephants) is a family of animals, and the only remaining family in the order Proboscidea. ... Trinomial name Mustela putorius furo (Linnaeus, 1758) This article is about the mammal. ... There are a number of theories regarding the domestication of the horse. ... Binomial name Lama glama (Linnaeus, 1758) The llama (Lama glama) is a large camelid that originated in North America and then later on moved on to South America. ... Binomial name Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. ... Binomial name Rangifer tarandus (Linnaeus, 1758) For the musician, please see Caribou (musician). ... Binomial name Rangifer tarandus The reindeer, known as caribou in North America, is an Arctic-dwelling deer (Rangifer tarandus). ... Binomial name Bubalus arnee (Kerr, 1792) The Water Buffalo is a very large ungulate. ... Binomial name Bos gruniens Linnaeus, 1766 Subspecies The yak (Bos grunniens) is a long-haired humped domestic bovine found in Tibet and throughout the Himalayan region of south central Asia. ...

Other socio-economical purposes

• ladybug (captive-bred)
• sterile insects (for control of their wild fellows)

Subfamilies Chilocorinae Coccidulinae Coccinellinae Epilachninae Scymininae Sticholotidinae etc. ...

Intrinsically non-profit uses

Research and science

While nearly all species can potentially be involved in research related to their natural behaviour, we are concerned here with a limited number of species that are frequently choses, for convenience and/or as 'representative' substitute for test which would be unethical to perform on human test persons.

As there are also ethcial reservations concerning the use of animals for such purposes, legislators and sections of the scientific community tend to encourages or even impose restrictions or, rather, alternatives, such as tests of tissue cultures and computer simulations.

• the very name of the guinea-pig has become synonymous with the use of animals for laboratory tests
• dolphin (captive-bred)
• fruit fly
• mice
• lab rat
• tame silver fox (isolated Russian experiment)
• primates, the very order man belongs to, are for that very reason often the best physical choice for research concerning human bodily functions, from invaluable medical to mere cosmetic products, but also arouse the strongest ethical and emotional objections; within the order, rhesus monkeys are most used, while again because of even closer genetical proximity for certain tests only man-apes (mainly chimpansee; orang-outang and gorilla are even rarer and harder to breed) are considered fully satisfactory, again also arousing even stronger objetions
• Żubroń, a cross-breed between Wisent and domestic cattle

Species Cavia porcellus Cavia aperea Cavia tschudii Cavia guianae Cavia anolaimae Cavia nana Cavia fulgida Cavia magna Cavia intermedia Guinea pigs (also called cavies) are rodents belonging to the family Caviidae and the genus Cavia. ... Genera See article below. ... Binomial name Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830 dorsal view Drosophila melanogaster Meigen , 1830 (Black-bellied Dew-lover) a dipteran (two-winged) insect, is the species of fruit fly that is commonly used in genetic experiments; it is among the most important model organisms. ... Definition of MICE IAPCO (the International Association of Professional Congress Organizers) publishes a book called Meetings Industry Terminology which functions as a dictionary for the meetings industry. ... Species 50 species; see text *Several subfamilies of Muroids include animals called rats. ... The tame silver fox are the results of an experiment to domesticate the silver fox, started many years ago in Russia. ... Families 15, See classification A primate is any member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains all lemurs, monkeys, apes, and humans. ... In Greek mythology, King Rhesus of Thrace fought for Troy during the Trojan War. ... Żubroń (pronounce: ) is a species of mammals, a hybrid of domestic cattle and Wisent The Wisent is the European Bison hence the Zubron is analogous to the American Beefalo/Cattalo. ... Binomial name Bison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758) The Wisent (pronounced vE-zent) is the European bison, species Bison bonasus. ...

Other Medical purposes

• leech (captive-bred)

Orders Arhynchobdellida or Rhynchobdellida There is some dispute as to whether Hirudinea should be a class itself, or a subclass of the Clitellata. ...

Pets

(See main article on pets for animals whose main pupose is human enjoyment, rather than 'impersonal' value) A few common examples : Pets and humans often contribute toward the happiness of the other in a pet relationship. ...

• carp
• cat
• chinchilla
• dog
• ferret
• gerbil
• goldfish
• guinea pig
• guppy
• hamster
• mouse
• rabbit
• rat
• skunk
• tilapia
• Some species of reptiles, such as the ball python and leopard gecko

Genera Abramis Aristichthys Barbodes Carassius Cirrhinus Ctenopharyngodon Cyprinus Epalzeorhynchos Henicorhynchus Hypophthalmichthys Labeo Mylopharyngodon and others A carp is any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae. ... Trinomial name Felis silvestris catus (Linnaeus, 1758) This article is about the domestic cat. ... Genera  Chinchilla  Lagidium  Lagostomus Chinchillas and their relatives viscachas are small, nocturnal mammals native to the Andes mountains in South America and belonging to the family Chinchillidae. ... Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris (Linnaeus, 1758) The dog is a canine mammal of the Order Carnivora and it has been argued the dog has been domesticated for 12,000 years, but perhaps for as long as 150,000 years based on recent genetic evidence. ... Trinomial name Mustela putorius furo (Linnaeus, 1758) This article is about the mammal. ... Genera Gerbillus Microdillus Meriones Rhombomys Psammomys Sekeetamys Brachiones Desmodilliscus Pachyuromys Tatera Taterillus Desmodillus Gerbillurus Ammodillus A gerbil is a small mammal of the order Rodentia. ... Trinomial name Carassius auratus auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) The Goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) was one of the earliest fish to be domesticated, and is still one of the most commonly-kept aquarium fish. ... Species Cavia porcellus Cavia aperea Cavia tschudii Cavia guianae Cavia anolaimae Cavia nana Cavia fulgida Cavia magna Cavia intermedia Guinea pigs (also called cavies) are rodents belonging to the family Caviidae and the genus Cavia. ... For other uses of this word, see Guppy (disambiguation). ... Genera Cricetus Mesocricetus Cricetulus Phodopus This article is about the animal. ... Feral mouse A mouse is a mammal that belongs to one of numerous species of small rodents in the genus Mus and various related genera of the family Muridæ (Old World Mice). ... Genera Pentalagus Bunolagus Nesolagus Romerolagus Brachylagus Sylvilagus Oryctolagus Poelagus The bane of Australian farmers - the wild rabbit Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae, found in many parts of the world. ... Species 50 species; see text *Several subfamilies of Muroids include animals called rats. ... A pet skunk A pet skunk is a skunk kept by humans for companionship and enjoyment. ... Species Tilapia aurea - Blue Tilapia Tilapia galilaea - Galilee Cichlid Tilapia heudeloti - Senegal Cichlid Tilapia hornorum Tilapia macrochir - Longfin Tilapia Tilapia mariae - Spotted Tilapia Tilapia melanotheron - Blackchin Tilapia Tilapia nilotica - Nile Tilapia Tilapia rendalli - Redbreast Tilapia Tilapia sparrmani - Banded Tilapia Tilapia urolepis - Wami Tilapia Tilapia zillii - Redbelly Tilapia Tilapia buttikoferi - Zebra... Orders  Crocodilia - Crocodilians scary crocodiles. ... Binomial name Python regius (Shaw, 1802) The Ball Python (Python regius), also known as the Royal Python, is a ground dwelling snake native to the savannahs and rain forests in western Africa. ... Binomial name Eublepharis macularius Blyth, 1854 Eublepharis macularius, commonly known as the Leopard Gecko, is a nocturnal ground dwelling gecko commonly found in the desert areas of Pakistan, Northwestern India and Afghanistan. ...

Collection and display

While many more wild species can be put on display after capture in the wild or bred in captivity intended to resemble natural reproduction as closely as possible (sometimes sadly very different) in scientifical and/or survival programs, an impressive number of species is bred, often alongside (often illegal) capture in the wild, not for any useful purpose (listed above or under working animal) except their collection and/or display in private or for the public (not necessarily managed for profit), as in an aquarium or vivarium, in zoos, safari parks etc. This is the case with many (especially tropical) fish, butterflies etc. A working animal is an animal that doesnt live in the wild but is kept by humans, and often trained, to perform various tasks, regardless whether they are also used for consumption of meat and milk or for other produce such as leather etc. ...

See also

• List of domesticated plants
• List of domesticated fungi and microorganisms
• Agriculture
• Animal husbandry
• Pet