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Titus Flavius Domitianus (24 October 51 – 18 September 96), commonly known as Domitian, was a Roman Emperor of the gens Flavia. Domitianus was a member of the Flavian Dynasty, being the son of Vespasian, by his wife Domitilla, and brother of Titus, whom he succeeded on 14 October, 81. Ordinary Magistrates Extraordinary Magistrates Titles and Honors Emperor Politics and Law This article discusses the nature of the imperial dignity, and its dynastic development throughout the history of the Empire. ...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (480x640, 79 KB) Description: Buste de Domitien, musée du Louvre/ Photographie personnelle prise par Urban, décembre 2004 Source: French Wikipedia, original upload 28 décembre 2004 by Urban File links The following pages link to this file: Domitian Metadata...
is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 0s BC - 0s - 10s - 20s - 30s - 40s - 50s - 60s - 70s - 80s - 90s - 100s Years: 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Events Domitian succeeds his brother Titus Flavius as emperor of the Roman Empire. ...
is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For other uses, see number 96. ...
is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
This article is about the year 51. ...
is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For other uses, see number 96. ...
For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Nerva (disambiguation). ...
Domitia Longina was a Roman matrona that lived in the 1st century. ...
Julia Flavia (17 September 64 - 91) was the only child to the Emperor Titus from his second marriage to the well-connected Marcia Furnilla. ...
The Flavian dynasty was a series of three Roman Emperors who ruled from 69, the Year of the Four Emperors, to 96, when the last member was assassinated. ...
Imperator Caesar Vespasianus Augustus (born November 17, 9, died June 23, 79), known originally as Titus Flavius Vespasianus and usually referred to in English as Vespasian, was emperor of Rome from 69 to 79. ...
Flavia Domitilla Major (Major, Latin for the elder) Flavia Domitilla the Elder or Domitilla the Elder (died before 69) was the wife of the Roman Emperor Vespasian. ...
The Flavian dynasty was a series of three Roman Emperors who ruled from 69, the Year of the Four Emperors, to 96, when the last member was assassinated. ...
Imperator Caesar Vespasianus Augustus (born November 17, 9, died June 23, 79), known originally as Titus Flavius Vespasianus and usually referred to in English as Vespasian, was emperor of Rome from 69 to 79. ...
For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ...
Denarius depicting Flavia Domitilla the Younger Another denarius depicting Flavia Domitilla the Younger Flavia Domitilla the Younger or Flavia Domitilla Minor (Minor, Latin for the younger) was the only daughter to future Roman Emperor Vespasian by his wife Domitilla the Elder. ...
For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ...
Julia Flavia (17 September 64 - 91) was the only child to the Emperor Titus from his second marriage to the well-connected Marcia Furnilla. ...
is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
This article is about the year 51. ...
is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For other uses, see number 96. ...
Ordinary Magistrates Extraordinary Magistrates Titles and Honors Emperor Politics and Law This article discusses the nature of the imperial dignity, and its dynastic development throughout the history of the Empire. ...
GENS is an open source emulator for the Sega Genesis (Sega Megadrive). ...
Flavius was the name of a gens in ancient Rome, meaning blonde. The feminine form was Flavia. ...
The Flavian dynasty was a series of three Roman Emperors who ruled from 69, the Year of the Four Emperors, to 96, when the last member was assassinated. ...
Imperator Caesar Vespasianus Augustus (born November 17, 9, died June 23, 79), known originally as Titus Flavius Vespasianus and usually referred to in English as Vespasian, was emperor of Rome from 69 to 79. ...
For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ...
Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 0s BC - 0s - 10s - 20s - 30s - 40s - 50s - 60s - 70s - 80s - 90s - 100s Years: 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Events Domitian succeeds his brother Titus Flavius as emperor of the Roman Empire. ...
Life
Early life Domitian was born in Rome while his father was still a politician and military commander. He received the education of a young man of the privileged senatorial class. He studied rhetoric and literature, publishing some of his writings on law and administration. In his biography Suetonius describes him as a learned and educated adolescent, with elegant conversation. Unlike his brother, Titus, who was much older, Domitian did not join his father's campaigns in the African provinces and Judea. The Roman Senate (Latin: Senatus) was the main governing council of both the Roman Republic, which started in 509 BC, and the Roman Empire. ...
The Twelve Caesars is a set of twelve biographies of Julius Caesar and the first 11 emperors of the Roman Empire. ...
Map of the Roman Empire, with the provinces, after 120 AD. In Ancient Rome, a province (Latin, provincia, pl. ...
During the Year of the Four Emperors (69), Domitian assumed a cautious, discreet position, but moved immediately to the imperial palace once his father was proclaimed emperor. He was the representative of the Flavius family in the senate prior to Vespasian and Titus' arrival in Rome. With the rise to power of his father, Domitian grew bolder. The Year of the Four Emperors was a year in the history of the Roman Empire, 69, in which four emperors ruled in a remarkable succession. ...
For other uses, see 69 (disambiguation). ...
In 70 he managed to force the divorce of Domitia Longina in order to marry her. Lucius Aelius Lamia, her husband, could not prevent the prince's will, and so Domitia became daughter in law of the emperor. Despite its initial recklessness, the alliance was very prestigious for both sides. Domitia Longina was the younger daughter of general Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo, one of the victims of Nero's terror, remembered as a worthy commander and a honoured politician. They had a son in 71 and a daughter in 74, but both died young. The marriage was far from being traditional: Domitian was a notorious womaniser and his wife was not jealous. Some sources refer that she would join Domitian in his escapades with his mistresses. This article is about the year 70. ...
Domitia Longina was a Roman matrona that lived in the 1st century. ...
Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo (around AD 7 - AD 67) was a Roman general. ...
For other uses, see Nero (disambiguation). ...
As a second son, Domitian was spared from responsibilities. He held several honorary consulships and several priesthoods but no office with imperium. During the reign of his brother Titus, his situation remained essentially the same, since nobody saw him as future emperor. But Domitian certainly had his ambitions. When Titus was dying, he managed to be hailed as his successor by securing the Praetorian Guard's support. Consul (abbrev. ...
Imperium can, in a broad sense, be translated as power. ...
The Praetorian Guard of Augustus - 1st century. ...
As emperor The classic view of Domitian as Emperor is usually negative since most of the antique sources are related to the Senatorial aristocratic class, and, as emperor, Domitian tended to have an strong independent action, often against the Senate.
During its administration, the economy first came to a halt and then went into recession, forcing him to heavily devalue the denarius (silver currency). To further compensate for the economic situation, taxes were raised and discontent soon followed. Due to his love of the arts and to woo the population, Domitian invested large sums in the reconstruction and embellishment of the city, still suffering the effects of the great fire of Rome of 64, the civil war of 69, and the fires that plagued Rome the year following the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius during Titus' reign. Around fifty new buildings were erected and restored, including the Temple of Jupiter on the Capitoline Hill and a palace in the Palatine Hill. First row : c. ...
According to Tacitus, the Great Fire of Rome started on the night of 18 July in the year 64, among the shops clustered around the greenhills shoping centre. ...
Temple of Jupiter on Capitoline Hill, 6th–1st century BC See Temple of Jupiter for temples to him in other places. ...
The Capitoline Hill (Capitolinus Mons), between the Forum and the Campus Martius, is one of the most famous and smallest of the seven hills of Rome. ...
17th century aviaries on the hill, built by Rainaldi for Odoardo Cardinal Farnese: once wirework cages surmounted them. ...
In 85, Domitian nominated himself perpetual censor, the office which held the task of supervising Roman morals and conduct, a task in odds with its private life. By 83, his own marriage was in rupture with continuous infidelities and scandals on both sides. In this year, Domitia Longina was caught with her lover, the actor Paris. The man was executed and the empress was exiled after a hasty divorce. In the next year he developed a passion for his niece Julia Flavia (daughter of Titus) and, as in his first marriage, he kidnapped the girl by dismissing her husband. Julia Flavia died in 91 during an abortion, being deified afterwards. After this, Domitia Longina was recalled to the palace as Roman empress, despite the fact that Domitian never remarried her. Image File history File links 024_Domitian. ...
Image File history File links 024_Domitian. ...
Events Roman Empire Dacians under Decebalus engaged in two wars against the Romans from this year to AD 88 or 89. ...
Censor was the title of two magistrates of high rank in the Roman Republic. ...
For other uses, see number 83. ...
Paris was an actor in Rome in the 1st century AD. Born in Egypt, he came to Rome in the reign of Domitian, where his skills as a pantomimus won him popular favour, noblewomen as lovers, influence within the imperial court and the power to promote his favourites within the...
Julia Flavia (17 September 64 - 91) was the only child to the Emperor Titus from his second marriage to the well-connected Marcia Furnilla. ...
Pliny the Younger was named a tribunus plebis. ...
Domitian's greatest passions were the arts and the games. He implemented the Capitoline Games in 86. Like the Olympic Games, they were to be held every four years and included athletic displays, chariot races, but also oratory, music and acting competitions. The Emperor himself supported the travels of competitors from the whole empire and attributed the prizes. He was also very fond of gladiator shows and added important innovations like female and dwarf gladiator fights. Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus on Capitoline Hill, 6th-1st century BC. In Ancient Rome, the Capitoline Games (Latin: Ludi Capitolini) were annual games, or combats instituted by Camillus, 387 BC, in honor of Jupiter Capitolinus, and in commemoration of the Capitols not being taken by the Gauls that same...
Events Roman Empire Domitian introduces the Capitoline Games. ...
The five Olympic rings were designed in 1913, adopted in 1914 and debuted at the Games at Antwerp, 1920. ...
For other uses, see Gladiator (disambiguation). ...
Major military contribution of Domitian was the development of the Limes (in particular the Limes Germanicus) to defend the empire. During his Empire wars had usually a defensive nature. Domitian was accused not to be a gifted military commander, due to his education in Rome away from the legions and to limit the Roman military enterprises for this reason. He claimed several Roman triumphs, namely over the Chatti and in Britain, but they were only propaganda manoeuvres, since these wars were still being fought. Nevertheless, several campaigns were fought during his reign, especially in the Danube frontier against Decebalus, king of Dacians. Domitian also founded Legio I Minervia in 82, to fight against Chatti. The limes Germanicus, 2nd century. ...
Map of Upper Germanic Limes The Limes Germanicus (Latin for Germanic frontier) was a remarkable line of frontier (limes) forts that bounded the ancient Roman provinces of Germania Superior and Raetia, and divided the Roman Empire and the unsubdued Germanic tribes, from the years 83 to 260. ...
The Roman Legion (from Latin , from lego, legere, legi, lectus — to collect) is a term that can apply both as a transliteration of legio (conscription or army) to the entire Roman army and also, more narrowly (and more commonly), to the heavy infantry that was the basic military unit of...
A Roman Triumph was a civil ceremony and religious rite of ancient Rome, held to publicly honour the military commander (dux) of a notably successful foreign war or campaign and to display the glories of Roman victory. ...
The Chatti (also Catti) were an ancient Germanic tribe settled in central and northern Hesse and southern Lower Saxony, along the upper reaches of the Weser river and in the valleys and mountains of the Eder, Fulda and Werra river regions, a district approximately corresponding to Hesse-Cassel, though probably...
This article is about the Danube River. ...
Decebalus, from Trajans Column Decebalus (ruled 87 – 106) (Decebal in Romanian) was a Dacian king. ...
Dacian kingdom during the reign of Burebista, 82 BC The Dacians (Lat. ...
Legio I Minervia was a Roman legion levied by emperor Domitian in 82 AD, for the campaign against the Germanic tribe of the Chatti. ...
According to many historians, Jews and Christians were heavily persecuted toward the end of Domitian's reign.[1] The Book of Revelation is thought by many scholars to have been written during Domitian's reign as a reaction to persecution.[2][3] Other historians, however, have maintained that there was little or no persecution of Christians during Domitian's time.[4][5][6] There is no historical consensus on the matter.[2] The emperor is known, however, to have developed a paranoid fear of persecution that led him to kill or execute several members of the senatorial and equestrian orders. At least twenty political and ideological opponents were executed, including his cousin, the Consul Flavius Clemens.[2] Domitian disliked aristocrats and had no fear of showing it, withdrawing every decision-making power from the Senate. He signed documents dominus et deus ("Lord and God") [7], and required people to address him similarly. Coins of the period represent him enthroned as "father of the gods". Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: Christianity is...
Visions of John of Patmos, as depicted in the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. ...
For other senses of this word, see paranoia (disambiguation). ...
An equestrian (Latin eques, plural equites - also known as a vir egregius, lit. ...
Titus Flavius Clemens was a great-nephew of the Roman Emperor Vespasian, brother to Titus Flavius Sabinus IV and a second cousin to Roman Emperors to Titus and Domitian. ...
The Roman Senate (Latin: Senatus) was the main governing council of both the Roman Republic, which started in 509 BC, and the Roman Empire. ...
Domitian was murdered in September 96, in a plot organized by his enemies in the Senate, Stephanus (the steward of the deceased Julia Flavia), members of the Praetorian Guard and empress Domitia Longina. The emperor believed that, according to an astrological prediction, he would die around noon. Therefore, he was always restless during this time of the day. On his last day, Domitian was feeling disturbed and asked a servant boy several times what time it was. The boy, included in the plot, lied, saying that it was much later. More at ease, the emperor went to his desk to sign some decrees, where he was stabbed eight times by Stephanus.[citation needed]
Domitian was succeeded by Nerva (by appointment of the senate). The custom of damnatio memoriae was issued on Domitian, ordering his obliteration from all public records.[8] Domitian is the only known emperor to have officially received a damnatio memoriae, though others may have received de facto ones. Many of the images that survive of Domitian's successor, Nerva, were actually once Domitian but converted to Nerva after the damnatio was issued. Nearly all surviving images of Domitian were found in the provinces. For other uses, see Nerva (disambiguation). ...
Tondo of the Severan family, with portraits of Septimius Severus, Julia Domna, Caracalla, and Geta. ...
Ancient sources on Domitian
 | Concern has been expressed that this article or section is missing information about: Ancient sources on Domitian.
This concern has been noted on the talk page where it may be discussed whether or not to include such information. | Image File history File links Emblem-important. ...
By poets: - Statius wrote four poems that contained information about Domitian's life.
- Martial's work contains references and epigrams to Domitian.
Publius Papinius Statius, (c. ...
Marcus Valerius Martialis, known in English as Martial, was a Latin poet from Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula) best known for his twelve books of Epigrams, published in Rome between AD 86 and 103, during the reigns of the emperors Domitian, Nerva and Trajan. ...
From primary sources: Juvenal, Tacitus and Suetonius authored information about the reign of Domitian after it ended. This would have been impolitic. - Tacitus, a historian, spoke from personal knowledge when he wrote his Histories on the arc of the Flavian dynasty. Unfortunately, this work is lost.
- Juvenal, an author of Roman satire, depicted Domitian and his court as corrupt, violent, and unjust.
For other uses, see Tacitus (disambiguation). ...
The Histories (Latin: Historiae) is a book by Tacitus, written c. ...
Woodcut of Juvenal from the Nuremberg Chronicle Decimus Iunius Iuvenalis, Anglicized as Juvenal, was a Roman satiric poet of the late 1st century and early 2nd century. ...
Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus ( 69/75 - after 130), also known as Suetonius, was a prominent Roman historian and biographer. ...
The Twelve Caesars is a set of twelve biographies of Julius Caesar and the first 11 emperors of the Roman Empire. ...
In later literature - Chief character in The Roman Actor by Philip Massinger
- In Oscar Wilde's dialogue "The Decay of Lying" a character describes his club: "The Tired Hedonists, of course. It is a club to which I belong. We are supposed to wear faded roses in our button holes when we meet, and to have a sort of cult for Domitian."
- An important character in Donna Gillespie's novel The Light Bearer
The Roman Actor is a Caroline era stage play, a tragedy written by Philip Massinger; it was first performed in 1626, and first published in 1629. ...
Philip Massinger (1583 - 1640) was an English dramatist. ...
Oscar Fingal OFlahertie Wills Wilde (October 16, 1854 – November 30, 1900) was an Irish playwright, novelist, poet, and author of short stories. ...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
Notes - ^ Smallwood, E.M. Classical Philology 51, 1956.
- ^ a b c Brown, Raymond E. An Introduction to the New Testament, pp. 805-809. ISBN 0-385-24767-2.
- ^ Irenaeus, Against Heresies, c.170 C.E.
- ^ Merrill, E.T. Essays in Early Christian History (London:Macmillan, 1924).
- ^ Willborn, L.L. Biblical Research 29 (1984).
- ^ Thompson, L.L. The Book of Revelation: Apocalypse and Empire (New York: Oxford, 1990).
- ^ Suetonius, Lives of the Twelve Caesars: Domitian 8.15
- ^ Suetonius, The Lives of Twelve Caesars Life of Domitian 23
Raymond Edward Brown (May 22, 1928 - August 8, 1998), was an American Roman Catholic priest and Biblical scholar. ...
Irenaeus (Greek: ΕἰÏηναῖος), (b. ...
On the Detection and Overthrow of the So-Called Gnosis, commonly called Against Heresies (Latin: Adversus haereses), is a five volume work written by St. ...
Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus ( 69/75 - after 130), also known as Suetonius, was a prominent Roman historian and biographer. ...
The Twelve Caesars is a set of twelve biographies of Julius Caesar and the first 11 emperors of the Roman Empire. ...
Bibliography Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Domitian Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
Primary sources - Suetonius, The lives of Twelve Caesars, Life of Domitian, Latin text with English translation
- Cassius Dio, Roman History Book 67, English translation
- Tacitus, Agricola, English translation
Secondary material - Donahue, John (1997-10-10). Titus Flavius Domitianus (A.D. 81-96). De Imperatoribus Romanis: An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Rulers and their Families. Retrieved on 2007-02-10.
- Gsell, Stéphane (1894). Essai sur le règne de l'empereur Domitien (HTML, PDF), Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome (in French), Paris: E. Thorin.
- Jones, Brian W. (1992). The Emperor Domitian. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-04229-1.
- Southern, Pat (1997). Domitian: Tragic Tyrant. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-16525-3.
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is the 283rd day of the year (284th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ...
is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ...
The Flavian dynasty was a series of three Roman Emperors who ruled from 69, the Year of the Four Emperors, to 96, when the last member was assassinated. ...
For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ...
This is a list of the Roman Emperors with the dates they ruled the Roman Empire. ...
Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 0s BC - 0s - 10s - 20s - 30s - 40s - 50s - 60s - 70s - 80s - 90s - 100s Years: 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Events Domitian succeeds his brother Titus Flavius as emperor of the Roman Empire. ...
For other uses, see number 96. ...
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Imperator Caesar Vespasianus Augustus (born November 17, 9, died June 23, 79), known originally as Titus Flavius Vespasianus and usually referred to in English as Vespasian, was emperor of Rome from 69 to 79. ...
For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ...
The List of Roman Consuls to the Death of Commodus 33 Imperator Caesar Divi filius II, L. Volcacius Tullus 32 Cn. ...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the year 73. ...
Imperator Caesar Vespasianus Augustus (born November 17, 9, died June 23, 79), known originally as Titus Flavius Vespasianus and usually referred to in English as Vespasian, was emperor of Rome from 69 to 79. ...
For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ...
Imperator Caesar Vespasianus Augustus (born November 17, 9, died June 23, 79), known originally as Titus Flavius Vespasianus and usually referred to in English as Vespasian, was emperor of Rome from 69 to 79. ...
For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ...
The List of Roman Consuls to the Death of Commodus 33 Imperator Caesar Divi filius II, L. Volcacius Tullus 32 Cn. ...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
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Events By place Roman Empire The Emperor Titus inaugurates the Flavian Amphitheatre with 100 days of games. ...
The List of Roman Consuls to the Death of Commodus 33 Imperator Caesar Divi filius II, L. Volcacius Tullus 32 Cn. ...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 0s BC - 0s - 10s - 20s - 30s - 40s - 50s - 60s - 70s - 80s - 90s - 100s Years: 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 Events Roman emperor Domitian is also a Roman Consul. ...
Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 0s BC - 0s - 10s - 20s - 30s - 40s - 50s - 60s - 70s - 80s - 90s - 100s Years: 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 Events Pope Clement I succeeded Pope Anacletus I Han Hedi succeeded Han Zhangdi as emperor of...
Titus Aurelius Fulvus was the grandfather of Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius. ...
Titus Aurelius Fulvus was the grandfather of Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius. ...
The List of Roman Consuls to the Death of Commodus 33 Imperator Caesar Divi filius II, L. Volcacius Tullus 32 Cn. ...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
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This article is about the year 90. ...
Manius Acilius Glabrio was the name of a Roman consul in 91, conjointly with Trajan, who was afterwards emperor. ...
This article is about the Roman Emperor. ...
Manius Acilius Glabrio was the name of a Roman consul in 91, conjointly with Trajan, who was afterwards emperor. ...
This article is about the Roman Emperor. ...
The List of Roman Consuls to the Death of Commodus 33 Imperator Caesar Divi filius II, L. Volcacius Tullus 32 Cn. ...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
Quintus Volusius Saturninus was a Roman that lived in the 1st century and was a Roman senator during the reign of Nero and was consul in 56. ...
This article is about the year 92. ...
The List of Roman Consuls to the Death of Commodus 33 Imperator Caesar Divi filius II, L. Volcacius Tullus 32 Cn. ...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
Titus Flavius Clemens was a great-nephew of the Roman Emperor Vespasian and brother to Titus Flavius Sabinus IV. Flavius married Vespasians granddaughter Flavia Domitilla. ...
Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 0s BC - 0s - 10s - 20s - 30s - 40s - 50s - 60s - 70s - 80s - 90s - 100s Years: 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 // Events Frontinus is appointed superintendent of the aqueducts (curator aquarum) in Rome. ...
This is a list of the Roman Emperors with the dates they ruled the Roman Empire. ...
The Principate is, according to its etymological derivation from the Latin word princeps, meaning chief or first, the political regime dominated by such a political leader, whether or not he is formally head of state and/or head of government. ...
ojuooiuououoieerwerwerwerwerwwe Year 27 BC was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ...
Events Maximinus Thrax becomes Roman Emperor. ...
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Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (August 31, 12 – January 24, 41), more commonly known by his nickname Caligula, was the third Roman Emperor and a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, ruling from 37 to 41 . ...
For other persons named Claudius, see Claudius (disambiguation). ...
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Servius Sulpicius Galba (December 24, 3 BC – January 15, 69) was Roman Emperor from June 8, 68 until his death. ...
Emperor Otho. ...
Vitellius, Museo Nazionale della Civiltà Romana, Rome Aulus Vitellius Germanicus (September 24, 15–December 22, 69) was Roman Emperor from April 17 69 to December 22 of the same year, one of the emperors in the Year of the four emperors. He was the son of Lucius Vitellius, who had...
Imperator Caesar Vespasianus Augustus (born November 17, 9, died June 23, 79), known originally as Titus Flavius Vespasianus and usually referred to in English as Vespasian, was emperor of Rome from 69 to 79. ...
For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Nerva (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the Roman Emperor. ...
Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus (January 24, 76 –– July 10, 138), known as Hadrian in English, was emperor of Rome from 117 A.D. to 138 A.D., as well as a Stoic and Epicurean philosopher. ...
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Lucius Septimius Severus (b. ...
Caracalla (April 4, 186 – April 8, 217) was Roman Emperor from 211 – 217. ...
Publius Septimius Geta (March 7, 189–December 211), was a Roman Emperor co-ruling with his father Septimius Severus and his older brother Caracalla from 209 to his death. ...
Macrinus on an aureus. ...
A bust depicting Elagabalus. ...
Alexander Severus Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexandrus (October 1, 208- March 18?, 235), commonly called Alexander Severus, Roman emperor from 222 to 235, was born at Arca Caesarea in Palestine. ...
Emperor Maximinus Thrax, ruled 235-238, was the first of the emperors during the Crisis of the Third Century. ...
Events Maximinus Thrax becomes Roman Emperor. ...
For other uses, see number 284. ...
Gaius Iulius Verus Maximinus (c. ...
Marcus Antonius Gordianus Sempronianus Romanus Africanus (c. ...
Marcus Antonius Gordianus Sempronianus Romanus Africanus (c. ...
Marcus Clodius Pupienus Maximus, born about 178, was an example of ascension in the Roman hierarchical system due to military success. ...
Pupienus Marcus Clodius Pupienus Maximus and Decius Caelius Calvinus Balbinus (both died on July 29, 238) were elected co_emperors by the Roman senate on April 22, 238 after the failure of Gordian I and Gordian II to defeat the usurper Maximinus Thrax. ...
Marcus Antonius Gordianus Pius (January 20, 225 - February 11, 244), known in English as Gordian III, was Roman Emperor from 238 to 244. ...
Marcus Julius Philippus (c. ...
“Decius†redirects here. ...
Quintus Herennius Etruscus Messius Decius (c. ...
Trebonianus Gallus on a coin celebrating Aeternitas. ...
Hostilian celebrating Securitas, the security of the Roman Empire. ...
Volusianus protrait on a tetradrachm. ...
Aemilianus celebrating peace-maker Mars god of war. ...
Publius Licinius Valerianus[1] (c. ...
Gallienus depicted on a lead seal Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus (218-268) ruled the Roman Empire as co-emperor with his father Valerian from 253 to 260, and then as the sole Roman Emperor from 260 to 268. ...
Claudius Gothicus on a coin celebrating his equity (AEQUITAS AUGUSTI). ...
Quintillus picture on a coin. ...
Lucius Domitius Aurelianus[1] (September 9, 214–September 275), known in English as Aurelian, Roman Emperor (270–275), was the second of several highly successful soldier-emperors who helped the Roman Empire regain its power during the latter part of the third century and the beginning of the fourth. ...
Emperor Tacitus on a coin. ...
Hercules crowning Florianus. ...
This antoninianus minted under Probus (c. ...
Marcus Aurelius Carus (c. ...
Marcus Aurelius Carinus, Roman emperor, 283 - July, 285, was the elder son of the emperor Carus, on whose accession he was appointed governor of the western portion of the empire. ...
Numerian, on a coin as caesar Marcus Aurelius Numerianus (d. ...
| Dominate
284 AD - 1453 AD | | 284 AD - 395 AD | | Diocletian · Maximian · Constantius I · Galerius · Severus II · Maxentius · Maximinus II Daia · Licinius · Valerius Valens · Martinianus · Constantine I · Constantine II · Constans I · Constantius II · Magnentius · Vetranio · Julian the Apostate · Jovian · Valentinian I · Valens · Gratian · Valentinian II · Magnus Maximus · Eugenius · Theodosius I | | Western Empire (395 AD - 480 AD) | | Honorius · Constantius III · Joannes · Valentinian III · Petronius Maximus · Avitus · Majorian · Libius Severus · Anthemius · Olybrius · Glycerius · Julius Nepos · Romulus Augustus | | Eastern Empire (395 AD - 480 AD) | | Arcadius · Theodosius II · Pulcheria · Marcian · Leo I · Leo II · Zeno | | Byzantine Empire (480 AD - 1453 AD) | Zeno · Basiliscus · Anastasius I · Justin I · Justinian I · Justin II · Tiberius II Constantine · Maurice · Phocas · Heraclius · Constantine III · Heraklonas · Constans II · Mezezius · Constantine IV and Justinian II · Leontios · Tiberios III · Philippikos · Anastasios II · Theodosios III · Leo III the Isaurian · Constantine V · Artabasdos · Leo IV the Khazar · Constantine VI · Irene · Nikephoros I · Staurakios · Michael I Rangabe · Leo V the Armenian · Michael II · Theophilos · Theodora I · Michael III · Basil I · Leo VI the Wise · Alexander · Constantine VII · Romanos I · Romanos II · Nikephoros II · John I Tzimiskes · Basil II · Constantine VIII · Zoe · Romanos III · Michael IV · Michael V · Constantine IX · Theodora II · Michael VI · Isaac I · Constantine X · Michael VII · Romanos IV · Nikephoros III · Alexios I · John II · Manuel I · Alexios II · Andronikos I · Isaac II · Alexios III Angelos · Alexios IV · Nikolaos Kanabos · Alexios V · Constantine Laskaris · Theodore I · John III · Theodore II · John IV · Michael VIII · Andronikos II · Andronikos III · John V · John VI · Matthew · Andronikos IV · John VII · Andronikos V · Manuel II · John VIII · Constantine XI The Dominate was the despotic last of the two phases of government in the ancient Roman Empire between its establishment in 27 BC and the formal date of the collapse of the Western Empire in AD 476. ...
For other uses, see number 284. ...
April 2 - Mehmed II begins his siege of Constantinople (Ä°stanbul). ...
For other uses, see number 284. ...
Events After the death of emperor Theodosius I, the Roman Empire is divided in an eastern and a western half. ...
Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus (c. ...
Maximian Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus Herculius (c. ...
On the reverse of this argenteus struck in Antioch under Constantius Chlorus, the tetrarcs are sacrificing to celebrate a victory against the Sarmatians. ...
Galerius Maximianus (c. ...
Flavius Valerius Severus as caesar. ...
Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius ( 278-28 October 312) was Western Roman Emperor from 306 to 312. ...
This article deals with 4th century Roman Emperor. ...
Aureus of Licinius, celebrating his tenth year of reign and the fifth year of his son Licinius (on the obverse). ...
Aurelius Valerius Valens (? - 317) was Roman emperor from December 316 to March 1, 317. ...
Sextus Marcius(?) Martinianus (? - 325) was Roman emperor from July to September 18, 324. ...
For other uses, see Constantine I (disambiguation). ...
Flavius Claudius Constantinus, known in English as Constantine II, (316 – 340) was Roman Emperor from 337 to 340. ...
Flavius Julius Constans (320 - 350), was a Roman Emperor who ruled from 337 to 350. ...
Flavius Iulius Constantius, known in English as Constantius II, (7 August 317 - 3 November 361) was a Roman Emperor (337 - 361) of the Constantinian dynasty. ...
Magnentius (303–August 11, 353) was a Roman usurper (January 18, 350 – August 11, 353). ...
Vetranio (d. ...
Flavius Claudius Iulianus (331–June 26, 363), was a Roman Emperor (361–363) of the Constantinian dynasty. ...
This siliqua of Jovian, ca 363, celebrates his fifth year of reign, as a good omen. ...
Flavius Valentinianus, known in English as Valentinian I, (321 - November 17, 375) was a Roman Emperor (364-375). ...
Solidus minted by Valens in 376. ...
A coin of Gratian. ...
A marble statue of Emperor Valentinian II, Aphrodisias Geyre (Aydin, Anatolia), 387–390. ...
Magnus Maximus. ...
Eugenius wearing imperial insigna, on a coin celebrateing the VIRTVS ROMANORVM, the (military) value of the Romans. Flavius Eugenius (d. ...
An engraving depicting what Theodosius may have looked like, ca. ...
This is a list of the Roman Emperors with the dates they ruled the Roman Empire. ...
Events After the death of emperor Theodosius I, the Roman Empire is divided in an eastern and a western half. ...
Events Odoacer defeats an attempt by Julius Nepos to recapture Italy, and has Julius killed; Odoacer also captured Dalmatia. ...
Flavius Honorius (September 9, 384–August 15, 423) was Roman Emperor (393- 395) and then Western Roman Emperor from 395 until his death. ...
Costantius on a solidus. ...
Joannes, Roman Emperor (423 - 425) On the death of the Emperor Honorius (August 27, 423), Theodosius II, the remaining ruler of the House of Theodosius hesitated for some time in announcing his uncles death and in the interregum Honorius patrician at the time of his death, Castinus, elevated Joannes...
Solidus minted in Thessalonica to celebrate the marriage of Valentinian III to Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of the Eastern Emperor Theodosius II. On the reverse, the three of them in wedding dresses. ...
Petronius Maximus on a coin. ...
Avitus on a tremissis. ...
Majorian on an bronze coin. ...
Libius Severus was a Western Roman Emperor. ...
Procopius Anthemius (c. ...
Anicius Olybrius, Western Roman Emperor (July 11 - October 23, 472), was a member of a noble family and a native of Rome. ...
Glycerius (c. ...
Julius Nepos on a coin. ...
This article is about the Roman Emperor. ...
This is a list of the Roman Emperors with the dates they ruled the Roman Empire. ...
Events After the death of emperor Theodosius I, the Roman Empire is divided in an eastern and a western half. ...
Events Odoacer defeats an attempt by Julius Nepos to recapture Italy, and has Julius killed; Odoacer also captured Dalmatia. ...
Idealising bust of Arcadius in the Theodosian style combines elements of classicism with the new hieratic style (Istanbul Archaeology Museum) Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Arcadius For the Greek grammarian, see Arcadius of Antioch. ...
Theodosius II Flavius Theodosius II (April, 401 - July 28, 450 ). The eldest son of Eudoxia and Arcadius who at the age of 7 became the Roman Emperor of the East. ...
Pulcheria (January 19, 399 – 453) was the daughter of the Eastern Roman Emperor Arcadius and Aelia Eudoxia. ...
Another but lesser Marcian was a son-in-law of Byzantine Emperor Leo I and his queen Verina. ...
Leo I coin. ...
Imperator Caesar Flavius Leo Augustus or Leo II (467- November 17, 474) served as Eastern Roman Emperor from January 18 to November 17, 474. ...
Flavius Zeno (c. ...
This is a list of the Roman Emperors with the dates they ruled the Roman Empire. ...
Events Odoacer defeats an attempt by Julius Nepos to recapture Italy, and has Julius killed; Odoacer also captured Dalmatia. ...
April 2 - Mehmed II begins his siege of Constantinople (Ä°stanbul). ...
Flavius Zeno (c. ...
For the genus of lizards, see Basiliscus (genus). ...
Flavius Anastasius. ...
Flavius Iustinus Augustus. ...
This article is about the Roman emperor. ...
Flavius Iustinus Iunior Augustus Flavius Iustinus Iunior Augustus or Justin The Divine (c. ...
Flavius Tiberius Constantinus Augustus or Tiberius II Constantine (c. ...
A solidus of Maurikios reign. ...
Phocas on a contemporary coin Flavius Phocas Augustus, Eastern Roman Emperor (reigned 602–610), is perhaps one of the most maligned figures to have held the Imperial title in the long history of Rome and Byzantium. ...
Heraclius or Herakleios or (Latin: ; Greek: , HÄ“rakleios), (c. ...
Roman coin depicting, on its face, Heraclius and his sons Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas Heraclius Constantine or Constantine III (May 3, 612 - April 20/24 or May 26, 641) was the eldest son of the Byzantine emperor Heraclius and his first wife Eudocia, and ruled as Emperor for four months...
Herakleios with his sons Constantine III and Heraklonas. ...
Constans and his son Constantine. ...
Mezezius also known as Mecetius, Bizantine usurper in Sicily from 668 to 669. ...
Constantine IV on a contemporary coin Constantine IV (649-685); sometimes incorrectly called Pogonatus, meaning the Bearded, like his father; was Byzantine emperor from 668-685. ...
Justinian II, known as Rhinotmetus (the Split-nosed) (669-711) was a Byzantine emperor of the Heraclian Dynasty, reigned from 685 to 695 and again from 704 to 711. ...
Leontios, showing the symbols of power: the crown, the globus cruciger, and the akakia. ...
Tiberius III, the German commander Apsimar. ...
Philippikos (FILIPICUS) coin, celebrating the victories of the emperor (VICTORIA AVGU). ...
Anastasios II kept his name, Artemios, also on his coinage; this solidus bears the legend APTEMIUS ANASTASIUS. Anastasios II or Anastasius II (Greek: Αναστάσιος Β΄), (died 718), Byzantine emperor, from 713 to 715. ...
Theodosios III or Theodosius III (Greek: Θεοδόσιος Γ΄), was Byzantine Emperor from 715 to March 25, 717. ...
Leo the Isaurian and his son Constantine V. Leo III the Isaurian or the Syrian (Greek: ΛÎων Γ΄, LeÅn III ), (c. ...
Constantine V Copronymus (The Dung-named) was Byzantine emperor from 741 to 775. ...
Artavasdos (erroneously Artabasdos or Artabasdus), (Greek: ΑÏταÏασδος, Artauasdos, from Armenian: Ô±Ö€Õ¿Õ¡Õ¾Õ¡Õ¦Õ¤, Artavazd ), was Byzantine Emperor from June 741 or 742 until November 743. ...
Leo IV the Khazar (Greek: ΛÎων Δ΄, LeÅn IV ), (January 25, 750 – September 8, 780), Byzantine Emperor from 775 to 780. ...
Constantine VI (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Ϛ΄, KÅnstantinos VI; 771–797 or 805) was Byzantine Emperor from 780 to 797. ...
This solidus struck under Irene reports the legend bASILISSH, Basilissa. ...
Nikephoros I and his son and successor, Stauracius. ...
Staurakios on a coin issued by his father Nikephoros I. Staurakios or Stauracius (Greek: ΣταυÏάκιος), (d. ...
Michael I on a contemporary coin Michael I Rangabe (Greek: Μιχαήλ Α΄ ΡαγγαβÎ, MikhaÄ“l I Rangabe), (died January 11, 844) was Byzantine Emperor (811 - 813). ...
Contemporary coin of Leo V. Leo V, surnamed The Armenian (775 – December 24, 820), was emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 813 to 820, after first distinguishing himself as a general in the reigns of Nicephorus I and Michael I Rhangabes. ...
Michael II, called Psellus, the stammerer, or the Amorian (770-829) reigned as Byzantine emperor 820 - 829. ...
Theophilus, in the Chronicle of John Skylitzes Theophilos or Theophilus (Greek: Θεόφιλος), (813 – 20 January 842) was Byzantine emperor from 829 to 842. ...
Theodora depicted as ruler on this coin, with her son Michael, nominally emperor, and her daughter Thecla on the reverse. ...
This coin struck during the regency of Theodora shows how Michael was less prominent than his mother, who is represented as ruler alone on the obverse, and even than his sister Thecla, who is depicted together with the young Michael on the reverse of this coin. ...
Basil, his son Constantine, and his second wife, emperess Eudoxia Ingerina. ...
This follis by Leo VI bears the Byzantine Emperors official title, BASILEVS ROMEON, Emperor of the Romans; translation of text: Leo, by the grace of God, King of Romans Leo VI the Wise or the Philosopher (Greek: ΛÎων ΣΤ΄, LeÅn VI, Armenian: [1]), (September 19, 866 – May 11, 912) was Byzantine...
A Byzantine Mosaic portrait of Emperor Alexander (870 - 913) which was completed in the Emperors short reign. ...
Constantine and his mother Zoë. Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos or Porphyrogenitus, the Purple-born (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Ζ΄ ΠοÏφυÏογÎννητος, KÅnstantinos VII PorphyrogennÄ“tos), (Constantinople, September 905 – November 9, 959 in Constantinople) was the son of the Byzantine emperor Leo VI and his fourth wife Zoe Karbonopsina. ...
Contemporary coin of Romanus I. Romanos I Lekapenos or Romanus I Lecapenus (Greek: Ρωμανός Α΄ Λακαπήνος, RÅmanos I LakapÄ“nos) (c. ...
Romanus II (939 - 963) succeeded his father Constantine VII as Byzantine emperor in 959 at the age of twenty-one, and died, poisoned, it was believed, by his wife, Theophanu in 963. ...
“Nicephorus Phocas†redirects here. ...
Ioannes, protected by God and the Virgin Mary. ...
Painting of Basil II, from an 11th century manuscript. ...
Constantine VIII (in Greek Konstantinos VIII, written Κωνσταντίνος Η) (960 – November 15, 1028), Byzantine emperor (December 15, 1025 – November 15, 1028) was the son of the Emperor Romanus II and the younger brother of the eminent Basil...
Empress Zoe as depicted in a mosaic from the Hagia Sophia Zoe (in Greek Ζωή, meaning life), (c. ...
Romanus III. Romanos III Argyros or Romanus III Argyrus (Greek: Ρωμανός Γ΄ ΑÏγυÏός, RÅmanos III Argyros), (968 – April 11, 1034) was Byzantine emperor (November 15, 1028 - April 11, 1034). ...
Michael IV (1010 – December 10, 1041), called the Paphlagonian (in Greek, Μιχαήλ Παφλαγών, meaning from the province of Paphlagonia), was Byzantine emperor from April 11, 1034 to December 10, 1041. ...
Michael V Calaphates (1015 - August 24, 1042) (in Greek Μιχαήλ Καλαφάτης, meaning the caulker), was the nephew and successor as Byzantine emperor of Michael IV and adoptive son of his wife Zoë. His surname reflected the early...
Mosaic of Constantine IX and Empress Zoe Constantine IX Monomachus (c. ...
Theodora (in Greek Θεοδώρα, literally meaning Gift of God, lived 981 - August 31, 1056) ruled as Byzantine Empress from January 11, 1055 to August 31, 1056. ...
Michael VI Stratioticus, the warlike, was Byzantine emperor (1056 - 1057). ...
Isaac coin. ...
Constantine X Ducas (1006 - May, 1067) was the emperor of the Byzantine Empire (1059 - 1067). ...
Michael VII Ducas or Parapinakes, was the eldest son of Constantine X Ducas and Eudocia Macrembolitissa. ...
Diptych of Romanus and Eudocia Macrembolitissa, crowned by Christ (Bibliothèque nationale de France) Romanos IV Diogenes or Romanus IV Diogenes (Greek: Ρωμανός Δ΄ ΔιογÎνης, RÅmanos IV DiogenÄ“s) was Byzantine emperor from 1068 to 1071. ...
Nicephorus Botaniates. ...
Emperor Alexios I Komnenos Emperor Alexios I Komnenos depicted in a mosaic in the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople Alexios I Komnenos or Alexius I Comnenus (Greek: ; Latin: ) (1048 – August 15, 1118), Byzantine emperor (1081–1118), was the son of John Komnenos and Anna Dalassena and the nephew of Isaac I...
“John Komnenus†redirects here. ...
For the eldest son of Andronikos I Komnenos and father of Alexios I of Trebizond, see Manuel Komnenos (born 1145). ...
Alexios II Komnenos or Alexius II Comnenus (Greek: ΑλÎχιος Β’ Κομνηνός, Alexios II KomnÄ“nos) (14 September 1169 – October 1183, Constantinople), Byzantine emperor (1180-1183), was the son of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos and Maria, daughter of Raymond, prince of Antioch. ...
Billon trachy (a cup-shaped coin) of Andronikos I Komnenos (1183-1185) Andronikos I Komnenos or Andronicus I Comnenus (Greek: ΑνδÏόνικος Α’ Κομνηνός, Andronikos I KomnÄ“nos) (c. ...
Isaac II Angelos or Angelus (Greek: Ισαάκιος Β’ Άγγελος, Isaakios II Angelos) (September 1156 – January 1204) was Byzantine emperor from 1185 to 1195, and again from 1203 to 1204. ...
Alexios III Angelos or Alexius III Angelus (Greek: ΑλÎξιος Γ Άγγελος) (c. ...
Emperor Alexios IV Alexios IV Angelos or Alexius IV Angelus (Greek: ΑλÎξιος Δ Άγγελος) (c. ...
Nikolaos Kanabos was elected Emperor of Byzantium on the 25. ...
Alexios V Doukas Mourtzouphlos or Alexius V Ducas Murtzuphlus (Greek: ΑλÎξιος Ε΄ ΔοÏκας ΜοÏÏτζουφλος) (d. ...
Constantine Laskaris (Greek Κωνσταντίνος ΛάσκαÏης) was Byzantine emperor for a few months in 1204. ...
The Latin Empire, Empire of Nicaea, Empire of Trebizond and the Despotate of Epirus. ...
John III Doukas Vatatzes or Ducas Vatatzes (Greek: Ιωάννης Γ΄ ΔοÏκας Βατάτζης, IÅannÄ“s III Doukas BatatzÄ“s) (c. ...
Theodore II Doukas Laskaris or Ducas Lascaris (Greek: ΘεόδωÏος Β΄ ΔοÏκας ΛάσκαÏις, TheodÅros II Doukas Laskaris) (1221/1222–August 18, 1258) was emperor of Nicaea, 1254–1258. ...
John IV Doukas Laskaris or Ducas Lascaris (Greek: Ιωάννης Δ΄ ΔοÏκας ΛάσκαÏις, IÅannÄ“s IV Doukas Laskaris), December 25, 1250 - c. ...
The Byzantine Empire in 1265 (William R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas, 1911) Michael VIII Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: Μιχαήλ Η΄ Παλαιολόγος, Mikhaēl VIII Palaiologos) (1224/1225 – December 11, 1282) reigned as Byzantine emperor 1259–1282. ...
Andronikos II Palaiologos or Andronicus II Palaeologus (Greek: ) (1259/1260 – February 13, 1332), reigned as Byzantine emperor 1282–1328. ...
Andronikos III Palaiologos or Andronicus III Palaeologus (Greek: ΑνδÏόνικος Γ Παλαιολόγος) (March 25, 1297 - June 15, 1341) reigned as Byzantine emperor 1328–1341, after being rival emperor since 1321. ...
John V Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: , IÅannÄ“s V Palaiologos), (1332 – February 16, 1391) was the son of Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos and Anna of Savoy. ...
John VI Kantakouzenos or Cantacuzene (Greek: Ιωάννης ΣΤ΄ Καντακουζηνός, IÅannÄ“s VI KantakouzÄ“nos) (c. ...
Matthew Kantakouzenos or Cantacuzenus (Greek: Ματθαίος Ασάνης Καντακουζηνός, Matthaios Asanēs Kantakouzēnos) (c. ...
Andronikos IV Palaiologos or Andronicus IV Palaeologus (Greek: ΑνδÏόνικος Δ Παλαιολόγος) (April 2, 1348–June 28, 1385), was Byzantine emperor from 1376 to 1379. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Andronikos V Palaiologos or Andronicus V Palaeologus (Greek: ΑνδÏόνικος Ε Παλαιολόγος) (c. ...
Emperor Manuel II Manuel II Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: Μανουήλ Β΄ Παλαιολόγος, Manouēl II Palaiologos) (June 27, 1350 – July 21, 1425) was Byzantine emperor from 1391 to 1425. ...
John VIII Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek Ιωάννης Η Παλαιολόγος, IÅannÄ“s VIII Palaiologos) (December 18 1392 – October 31, 1448), was Byzantine Emperor from 1425 to 1448. ...
Constantine XI: The last Byzantine emperor is considered a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church. ...
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