Portrait of Dong Zhuo from a Qing Dynasty edition of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Names
Simplified Chinese:	董卓
Traditional Chinese:	董卓
Pinyin:	Dǒng Zhuō
Wade-Giles:	Tung Cho
Zi:	Zhongying (仲颖)

Dong Zhuo (董卓; Pinyin: Dǒng Zhuō) (139 – 192) was a warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. He seized control of Luoyang in 189 after the capital fell into chaos following the death of Emperor Ling and a bloody clash between the powerful eunuch faction and the court officials. Dong Zhuo subsequently deposed the rightful heir to the throne and instated the puppet Emperor Xian. Image File history File links Portrait of Dong Zhuo from a Qing Dynasty edition of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Portrait of Dong Zhuo from a Qing Dynasty edition of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The Qing Dynasty (Chinese: ; Pinyin: QÄ«ng cháo; Wade-Giles: Ching chao; Manchu: daicing gurun), occasionally known as the Manchu Dynasty, is a Chinese term for the Empire of the Great Qing (Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: dàqÄ«ngguó), founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what... Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Traditional Chinese: 三國演義; Simplified Chinese: 三国演义; pinyin: sānguó yÇŽnyì), written by Luó Guànzhōng in the 14th century, is a Chinese historical novel based upon events in the turbulent years near the end of the Han Dynasty, and the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). ... Personal names in Chinese culture follow a number of conventions different from those of personal names in Western culture. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiǎntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiǎnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Pinyin is a system of romanization (phonemic notation and transcription to Roman script) for Standard Mandarin, where pin means spell and yin means sound. The most common variant of pinyin in use is called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: , Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: HànyÇ” PÄ«nyÄ«n), also known as scheme... Wade-Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration) system for the Chinese language based on Mandarin. ... A Chinese style name, sometimes also known as a courtesy name, is an extra name that could be used in place of the given name. ... Pinyin is a system of romanization (phonemic notation and transcription to Roman script) for Standard Mandarin, where pin means spell and yin means sound. The most common variant of pinyin in use is called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: , Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: HànyÇ” PÄ«nyÄ«n), also known as scheme... Events Births Deaths Zhang Heng, Chinese mathematician Categories: 139 ... Events The kingdom of Champa begins to control south and central Vietnam (approximate date). ... The Han Dynasty (Traditional Chinese characters: 漢朝, Simplified Chinese characters: 汉朝, pinyin Hàncháo 202 BC - AD 220) followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. ... The Three Kingdoms period (Traditional Chinese characters: 三國, Simplified Chinese characters: 三国, pinyin Sānguó) is a period in the History of China. ... Luoyang (Simplified Chinese: 洛阳; Traditional Chinese: 洛陽; pinyin: Luòyáng) is a prefecture-level city in western Henan province, Peoples Republic of China. ... Format of naming convention in English is under discussion at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese). ... Format of naming convention in English is under discussion at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese). ...

However, Dong Zhuo's tyrannical and cruel ways angered many, and warlords around the country formed a coalition against him, forcing him to move the capital west to Chang'an. Dong Zhuo was eventually assassinated by his adoptive son Lü Bu as part of a plot by Interior Minister Wang Yun. Changan â–¶(?) (Simplified Chinese: 长安; Traditional Chinese: 長安; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chang-an) is the ancient capital of more than ten dynasties in China. ... LÇš Bù (156 – 198) was a military general and minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... Wang Yun was the father of Diao Chan, and is most famous for creating the great rift that led to the death of Dong Zhuo at the hands of Lu Bu. ...

Life

Early life

Born in Lintao (临洮) of the Longxi Commandery (陇西), Dong Zhuo was said to be full of chilvary in his youth. Travelling widely in the Qiang region, he made friends with many a gallant man. Being both resourceful and physically adept, Dong Zhuo later participated in the campaign against Qiang rebels in Bingzhou (并州). For his excellent performance Dong Zhuo was rewarded with 9,000 rolls of fine silk, all of which he distributed to his colleagues and subordinates. The Qiang people (羌族; Pinyin: qiāng zú) are an ethnic group. ...

Having been promoted a few times subsequently, Dong Zhuo was sent to quell the Yellow Turban Rebellion in the early 180s but was defeated and demoted. When Han Sui rebelled in Liangzhou (凉州), Dong Zhuo was reinstated as Knight General and sent to put down the rebellion. The Yellow Turban Rebellion, sometimes also translated as the Yellow Scarves Rebellion, (Simplified Chinese: 黄巾之乱; Traditional Chinese: 黃巾之亂; Pinyin: Huáng JÄ«n ZhÄ« Luàn) was a 184 AD peasant rebellion against Emperor Lingdi of the Han Dynasty of China. ... Han Sui (171–???) was a warrior and military leader in the waning years of the Han Dynasty and in the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. ...

During a battle against the Qiang tribes, who allied themselves with Han Sui, Dong Zhuo's force was outnumbered with a river cutting off its retreat. To prevent a rout, Dong Zhuo had his troops dam up the river, pretending to fish in the reservoir formed. Then he ordered his men to cross the dried up lower stream and break the dam. All pursuits were effectively thwarted by the now replaced river.

Dong Zhuo was henceforth promoted to General of the Front and Bingzhou Governor. However, unwilling to leave the troops and subjects loyal to him in Liangzhou, Dong Zhuo declined the new post.

Rise to power

Following the death of Emperor Ling in 189, Supreme General He Jin summoned Dong Zhuo to lead his troops into Luoyang to aid his plot to eliminate the powerful eunuch faction. Before Dong Zhuo arrived, however, He Jin was assassinated by the eunuchs and the capital fell into chaos. The eunuchs then kidnapped the young emperor and headed out of the capital. They were intercepted by Dong Zhuo, who brought the emperor back to the palace. Format of naming convention in English is under discussion at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese). ... He Jin (? – 189) was the elder half-brother of Empress He, consort to Emperor Ling of the late Eastern Han Dynasty. ... Luoyang (Simplified Chinese: 洛阳; Traditional Chinese: 洛陽; pinyin: Luòyáng) is a prefecture-level city in western Henan province, Peoples Republic of China. ... Format of naming convention in English is under discussion at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese). ...

During this time, He Jin's half brother, General of Chariots and Cavalry He Miao (何苗), was suspected of colluding with the eunuchs and killed by his own subjects. The former troops of He Jin and He Miao, having no leader, then came under Dong Zhuo's command. Meanwhile, Dong Zhuo also enticed Lü Bu to slay his own adopted father Ding Yuan, another warlord summoned to Luoyang by the late He Jin, and defect. Thus Dong Zhuo grasped control of all troops in the capital. LÇš Bù (156 – 198) was a military general and minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... Ding Yuan (? - 189) was a rival warlord to Dong Zhou. ...

In 190, Dong Zhuo deposed the young emperor and placed in the throne the puppet Emperor Xian. He also made himself the Prime Minister and henceforth began to show his tyrannical ways. He was given special dispensation to carry his sword to court, which was forbidden to all others. (This dispensation had not been given to any Han official since Xiao He.) The dispensation also permitted him to enter court without taking his shoes off. The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms recorded an incident where Dong Zhuo led his troops to Yangcheng (阳城) and ordered them to cut down the heads of all male inhabitants. The soldiers then ransacked the city and brought back the women, oxen and valuables, claiming to have defeated a rebel force. Dong Zhuo himself also slept with palace maids and even princesses. Format of naming convention in English is under discussion at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese). ... Xiao He (蕭何) was a key figure in Liu Bangs rise to power after the fall of the Qin Dynasty. ... The Sānguó Zhì (Chinese 三国志, or 三國誌), variously translated as Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms, Records of the Three States and Records of the Three Kingdoms, was the official and authoritative historical text on the Three Kingdoms Period compiled by Chen Shou during the Jin Dynasty (265-420). ...

Move to Chang'an

In the same year, warlords around the country formed a coalition against Dong Zhuo. Dong Zhuo then moved the capital west to the strategically sound Chang'an. Before he did so, however, he had the tombs of late emperors excavated and the treasures within robbed. He then burnt down the palace. Combatants Anti-Dong Zhuo Coalition Dong Zhuo Commanders Yuan Shao Dong Zhuo The Campaign against Dong Zhuo in 190 was initiated by a coalition of regional officials hoping to end Chancellor Dong Zhuos influence in the ailing Han court in China. ... Changan ▶(?) (Simplified Chinese: 长安; Traditional Chinese: 長安; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chang-an) is the ancient capital of more than ten dynasties in China. ...

After moving to Chang'an, Dong Zhuo made his younger brother Dong Min the General of the Left and all his kin court officials. He also built a castle at the county of Mei, 260 li from Chang'an. In the castle he stored thirty years worth of food and threw banquets, during which savage tortures would be performed on captured rebels. Against his opposition Dong Zhuo would also pass cruel punishments. Within two years, those wrongly accused and executed numbered in the thousands. Dong Min the younger brother of Dong Zhuo. ... ... Li: A Chinese unit of distance, 里 (Lǐ), a li is equal to 500 metres, or about 1/3 mile. ...

Dong Zhuo also ordered bronze statues and bells be melted down and recast into coins, which were flooded into the market. Serious inflation occurred as a result, and the coin currency soon became useless.

Downfall and More Turmoil

Because of his many outrageous deeds, Dong Zhuo had aroused the anger of many and the risk of assassination was high. For his personal safety, Dong Zhuo depended heavily on Lü Bu, whom he had adopted as a son. The son shadowed the father almost all the time. LÇš Bù (156 – 198) was a military general and minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ...

However, in his frequent bouts of temper Dong Zhuo would hurl a halberd at Lü Bu. Although the agile Lü Bu could always duck the throw, and Dong Zhuo's fury would dissipate quickly, Lü Bu nonetheless bore a furtive displeasure against his adoptive father. Furthermore, being entrusted to guard the residence of Dong Zhuo, Lü Bu held an amorous affair with one of Dong Zhuo's chambermaids. For this he was constantly in fear of being discovered.

In 192, encouraged by Interior Minister Wang Yun, Lü Bu finally made up his mind to murder Dong Zhuo. Bringing along a dozen trusted men, including the slender Cavalry Captain Li Su, Lü Bu greeted Dong Zhuo at the palace gate. When Li Su stepped up and stabbed Dong Zhuo, the warlord cried out for his son. But saying "This is an imperial order," Lü Bu delivered the fatal blow. Wang Yun was the father of Diao Chan, and is most famous for creating the great rift that led to the death of Dong Zhuo at the hands of Lu Bu. ... Li Su was a famous general of the late Han Dynasty. ...

Dong Zhuo's corpse was then left in the streets, while anyone who went forward to collect the body was slain. The official guarding the corpse lit a wick in Dong Zhuo's navel and it burned for days on the fats of the corpse. Dong Zhuo's relatives were also executed subsequently, including Dong Min.

Shortly after his death, many loyalists of Dong Zhuo, such as Fan Chou, Li Ru, Li Jue and others escaped, believing that their loyalty will be considered treason. Hearing of their appeal for pardon, Wang Yun, who took control of the government, said, "Of all the people who should be forgiven, these are the exceptions". Feeling outraged, they waged war with Wang Yun, only to have the Imperial Army and Lu Bu foiling them, after many defeats, the loyalists decided to change their tactics in battle. Fan Chou (樊稠; d. ... Li Ru (李儒) was the son-in-law of Dong Zhuo. ... Li Jue (simplified Chinese: 李傕) (died 197) took command of Dong Zhuos empire after the latter was assassinated by Lü Bu, and with the help of Guo Si, Zhang Ji and Fan Chou he managed to take over Chang An, and secure power within the Imperial Court. ...

In one battle, Fan Chou and Li Jue were diversions to subdue Lü Bu into fighting, and then all the other loyalists would take over the castle. The plan worked, as Lu Bu retreated soon after the castle was breached.

Soon power turned for the loyalists, but they all were in a power struggle, just like the courts before them. Soon, all of China was in a major civil war for ascention to the throne.

Dong Zhuo in Romance of the Three Kingdoms

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a historical novel by Luo Guanzhong, was a romanticization of the events that occurred before and during the Three Kingdoms Period. Because the real-life Dong Zhuo was already much of a cruel and treacherous character, the novel probably could do little more to accentuate that treachery and cruelty. It did, however, on two occasions deviate from the history. Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Traditional Chinese: 三國演義; Simplified Chinese: 三国演义; pinyin: sānguó yÇŽnyì), written by Luó Guànzhōng in the 14th century, is a Chinese historical novel based upon events in the turbulent years near the end of the Han Dynasty, and the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). ... A historical novel is a novel in which the story is set among historical events, or more generally, in which the time of the action predates the lifetime of the author. ... Luo Guanzhong (Traditional Chinese: 羅貫中, Wade Giles: Lo Kuan-chung) was a 14th century Chinese author attributed with writing Romance of the Three Kingdoms and editing Outlaws of the Marsh, two of the most revered adventure epics in Chinese literature. ... The Three Kingdoms period (Traditional Chinese characters: 三國, Simplified Chinese characters: 三国, pinyin Sānguó) is a period in the History of China. ...

Dong Zhuo and the three brothers

Dong Zhuo first appeared as early as late in Chapter 1. Being sent to quell the Yellow Turban Rebellion, Dong Zhuo was defeated by the rebel leader Zhang Jiao and the battle was turning into a rout. The Yellow Turban Rebellion, sometimes also translated as the Yellow Scarves Rebellion, (Simplified Chinese: 黄巾之乱; Traditional Chinese: 黃巾之亂; Pinyin: Huáng Jīn Zhī Luàn) was a 184 AD peasant rebellion against Emperor Lingdi of the Han Dynasty of China. ... Zhang Jiao or Zhang Jue(?-184) (Simplified Chinese: 张角; Traditional Chinese: 張角; Pinyin: Zhāng Jiǎo or Zhāng Jué) was the leader of the Yellow Turbans during the period of the late Eastern Han Dynasty in China. ...

The three newly sworn brothers, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, happened to be nearby. They then led their forces out to Dong Zhuo's rescue. Suddenly met with this new opposition, the rebels were swept off their feet and had to retreat. This is a Chinese name; the family name is Liu. ... Guan Yu (關羽) (162–219) was a military general under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... In the Romance of Three Kingdoms, Zhāng Fēi (張飛)(168?-222 AD), courtesy name Yìdé (翼德), was first a butcher, than an officer of the Kingdom of Shu and the second member of the Five Tiger Generals. ...

After returning to camp, Dong Zhuo asked the three brothers what offices they currently held. And they replied that they held none. Dong Zhuo harrumphed and then ignored them. This angered Zhang Fei so much that he grabbed his sword and wanted to kill Dong Zhuo. He was however stopped by his two brothers, who suggested taking their service elsewhere. Thus was Dong Zhuo's life spared and the three brothers went their own way. In the Romance of Three Kingdoms, Zhāng Fēi (張飛)(168?-222 AD), courtesy name Yìdé (翼德), was first a butcher, than an officer of the Kingdom of Shu and the second member of the Five Tiger Generals. ...

Dong Zhuo and Diao Chan

Perhaps the most popular story about Dong Zhuo was the fictional triangular love relationship involving Dong Zhuo, Lü Bu and Diao Chan, which eventually led to the death of Dong Zhuo in the hands of his own adoptive son, Lü Bu. LÇš Bù (156 – 198) was a military general and minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... Diao Chan (Simplified Chinese: 貂蝉; Traditional Chinese: 貂蟬, Pinyin: Diāo Chán) was one of the Four Beauties of ancient China. ...

After Dong Zhuo moved the capital to the more strategically sound Chang'an, Interior Minister Wang Yun started to contemplate a plot to assassinate the tyrant by using the petite Diao Chan, a song girl who was brought up in his household but whom he had been treating like his own daughter, to plant the seed of dissension between Dong Zhuo and Lü Bu. Wang Yun was the father of Diao Chan, and is most famous for creating the great rift that led to the death of Dong Zhuo at the hands of Lu Bu. ...

Inviting Lü Bu over one night, Wang Yun asked Diao Chan to serve wine to the guest. Lü Bu was immediately seized by the girl's beauty. Well aware of this, Wang Yun then promised to marry Diao Chan to the mighty warrior.

Dong Zhuo and his concubine Diao Chan in the 84-episode TV serial Romance of the Three Kingdoms

A few days later, however, Wang Yun laid a feast for Dong Zhuo and repeated the feat. Like Lü Bu, Dong Zhuo could not lift his eyes off Diao Chan, who also displayed her prowess in song and dance. Dong Zhuo then brought Diao Chan home and made her his concubine. Image File history File links Dong Zhuo and his concubine Diao Chan in the 84-episode TV serial Romance of the Three Kingdoms This is a screenshot of a copyrighted movie or television program. ... Image File history File links Dong Zhuo and his concubine Diao Chan in the 84-episode TV serial Romance of the Three Kingdoms This is a screenshot of a copyrighted movie or television program. ... Diao Chan (Simplified Chinese: 貂蝉; Traditional Chinese: 貂蟬, Pinyin: Diāo Chán) was one of the Four Beauties of ancient China. ... In 1995, Central Chinese Television(CCTV) produced a adaptation of the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. ...

When Lü Bu heard about this the next morning, he headed for Dong Zhuo's bedroom and peeped in through the window. There he saw Diao Chan sitting up grooming her hair while Dong Zhuo was still asleep. Aware of Lü Bu's presence, Diao Chan then put up a sorrowful expression and pretended to wipe tears off her eyes with a handkerchief.

A similar incident recurred about a month later, but this time Dong Zhuo woke up in time to see Lü Bu staring fixedly at Diao Chan. Lü Bu was then thrown out and forbidden to come into the house.

Then one day, while Dong Zhuo was holding a conversation with Emperor Xian, Lü Bu stole to his foster father's residence and met with Diao Chan in the Fengyi Pavilion (凤仪亭). Weeping, Diao Chan pled with Lü Bu to rescue her from Dong Zhuo. Placing his halberd aside, Lü Bu held Diao Chan in his arms and comforted her with words.

Right then, Dong Zhuo returned to find the duo in the pavilion. The startled Lü Bu turned to flee. Dong Zhuo grabbed the halberd and gave chase. Being too slow, Dong Zhuo could not catch up with the agile Lü Bu. He then hurled the halberd at Lü Bu but the latter fended it off and got away.

After the incident, Lü Bu became increasingly displeased with Dong Zhuo. The displeasure was further inflamed by Wang Yun, who suggested subtly that Lü Bu kill Dong Zhuo. Lü Bu was eventually persuaded.

Dong Zhuo faced with imminent death as Lü Bu approached with his halberd in the 84-episode TV serial Romance of the Three Kingdoms

The conspirators sent Li Su to fetch Dong Zhuo from his castle in the county of Mei (郿) under the pretense that the emperor intended to abdicate the throne to the warlord. The overjoyed Dong Zhuo then came to the palace gate, where his troops were barred from entering. As Dong Zhuo's carriage neared the palace building, soldiers loyal to Wang Yun surrounded the carriage and stabbed Dong Zhuo with spears. Image File history File links Dong Zhuo faced with imminent death as Lü Bu approached with his halberd in the 84-episode TV serial Romance of the Three Kingdoms This is a screenshot of a copyrighted movie or television program. ... Image File history File links Dong Zhuo faced with imminent death as Lü Bu approached with his halberd in the 84-episode TV serial Romance of the Three Kingdoms This is a screenshot of a copyrighted movie or television program. ... LÇš Bù (156 – 198) was a military general and minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... In 1995, Central Chinese Television(CCTV) produced a adaptation of the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. ... Li Su was a famous general of the late Han Dynasty. ... ...

Injured only in the arms as he was wearing heavy armor, Dong Zhuo then croaked out for Lü Bu. But Lü Bu impaled Dong Zhuo's throat with his halberd, proclaiming, "I have an imperial decree to slay the rebel!"

Dynasty Warriors

Dong Zhuo is a playable character in Koei's Dynasty Warriors series of video games. He is portrayed as a ruthless tyrant who has usurped the authority of the Han, and ends up being defeated in almost every other playable character's main storyline. In battle, Dong Zhuo wields a weapon which looks like a cross between a saw and a Chinese dao. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Logo of Shin Sangoku Musou 4 (Dynasty Warriors 5) Dynasty Warriors ( 真・三國無双:Shin Sangokumusou in Japan and 真•三国无双: Zhen Sanguo Wushuang in China; literally meaning True Three Kingdoms Unrivaled) is a series of video games created by Koei based loosely around the Romance of the Three Kingdoms epic, and is a... Portable saw A saw is a tool for cutting wood or other material, consisting of a serrated blade (a blade with the cutting edge dentated or toothed) and worked either by hand or by steam, water, electric or other power. ... Chinese Saber Dao (Chinese: 刀; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: tao1) is a category of single-edge Chinese swords primarily used for slashing and chopping (sabers), often called broadswords in English because some varieties have wide blades. ...

The character Toutaku Chuuei of the Japanimation short series Ikki Tousen is based roughly on Dong Zhuo. Ikki Tousen (Bakunyu Hyper-Battle Ikki Tousen, 一騎当千 Ikkitōsen(One with the strength of a thousand)) is a 13-episode anime series which is loosely based on the manga by Yuji Shiozaki. ...

References

• Chen Shou (2002). San Guo Zhi. Yue Lu Shu She. ISBN 7-80665-198-5.
• Luo Guanzhong (1986). San Guo Yan Yi. Yue Lu Shu She. ISBN 7-80520-013-0.
• Lo Kuan-chung; tr. C.H. Brewitt-Taylor (2002). Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3467-9.

See also

• Han Dynasty
• End of Han Dynasty
• Three Kingdoms
• Personages of the Three Kingdoms
• Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms
• Romance of the Three Kingdoms

The Han Dynasty (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Han Chau; 206 BC–AD 220) followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. ... The End of Han Dynasty (漢朝末年 or 東漢末年, the End of Eastern Han Dynasty) refers to a period roughly coinciding with the reign of Han Dynastys final emperor Emperor Xian (r. ... The Three Kingdoms in 262, on the eve of the conquest of Shu. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards and to make a clear distinction between fact and fiction, this article may require cleanup. ... The Sānguó Zhì (Chinese 三国志, or 三國誌), variously translated as Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms, Records of the Three States and Records of the Three Kingdoms, was the official and authoritative historical text on the Three Kingdoms Period compiled by Chen Shou during the Jin Dynasty (265-420). ... Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Traditional Chinese: 三國演義; Simplified Chinese: 三国演义; pinyin: sānguó yǎnyì), written by Luó Guànzhōng in the 14th century, is a Chinese historical novel based upon events in the turbulent years near the end of the Han Dynasty, and the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). ...