Towering over the city of Naples, Vesuvius is dormant but certainly not extinct
.A dormant volcano is one which is not currently erupting, but is believed to still be capable of erupting. This contrasts with an extinct volcano, where it is believed that no future eruptions will occur. View of Naples, Italy. ... View of Naples, Italy. ... Alternate uses: See Naples (disambiguation) Naples (Italian Napoli, Neapolitan Napule, from Greek Νέα-Πόλις, latinised in Neapolis) is the largest town in southern Italy, capital of Campania region. ... Mount Vesuvius (Italian: Monte Vesuvio) is a volcano east of Naples, Italy, located at 40°49′N 14°26′ E. It is the only active volcano on the European mainland, although it is not currently erupting. ...
In practice, it is often not possible to distinguish between a dormant and an extinct volcano. Volcanoes may remain dormant for thousands of years between eruptions, and several volcanoes thought to be extinct have subsequently re-erupted. Vesuvius was thought to be extinct before its famous eruption of AD 79, which destroyed the towns of Herculaneum and Pompeii, while more recently, the long-dormant Soufriere Hills volcano on the island of Montserrat was thought to be extinct before activity resumed in 1995. Mount Vesuvius (Italian: Monte Vesuvio) is a volcano east of Naples, Italy, located at 40°49′N 14°26′ E. It is the only active volcano on the European mainland, although it is not currently erupting. ... For other uses, see number 79. ... Herculaneum (modern Italian Ercolano) was an ancient Roman town of the Italian region of Campania. ... The city of Pompeii, along with Herculaneum and many smaller places around the Bay of Naples, were Roman municipalities destroyed during an eruption of the volcano Mount Vesuvius in 79. ... The Soufriere Hills volcano is a stratovolcano on the Caribbean island of Montserrat. ... 1995 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Dormant Commerce Clause is a long-standing legal doctrine in U.S. Constitutional law that limits the power of states to legislate in ways impacting interstate commerce.
The premise of the doctrine is that the U.S. Constitution reserves for Congress the exclusive power to "To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes" (Article I, ยง 8); therefore, individual states are excluded from, or at least limited in, their ability to legislate on such matters.
In a Dormant Commerce Clause case, a court is initially concerned with whether the law discriminates against out-of-state actors or exists to protect in-state interests.