A dot and cross diagram of a molecule of water showing the outer shells of each atom. Here, electrons shared by the hydrogen atoms are crosses and those of the oxygen atom are dots.

A dot and cross diagram is a symbolic diagram of covalent bonding in a molecule. It demonstrates how many electrons each atom of the molecule shares with another. In order to show how many electrons are contributed by each atom without confusion, the electrons of one atom in each bond are shown with dots and the electrons of the other with crosses. A falling water droplet Water (from the Anglo-Saxon and Low German wæter) is a colourless, tasteless, and odourless substance that is essential to all known forms of life and is the most universal solvent. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1 (IA), 1 , s Density, Hardness 0. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16 (VIA), 2, p Density, Hardness 1. ... Sample flowchart diagram A diagram is a simplified and structured visual representation of concepts, ideas, constructions, relations, statistical data, anatomy etc used in all aspects of human activities to visualize and clarify the topic. ... Covalent bonding is a form of chemical bonding characterized by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between atoms, in order to produce a mutual attraction, which holds the resultant molecule together. ... In science, a molecule is the smallest particle of a pure chemical substance that still retains its chemical composition and properties. ... Properties The electron (sometimes called negatron; commonly represented as e−) is a subatomic particle. ... Properties For alternative meanings see atom (disambiguation). ...

Generally, only the outer electron shell of each atom of the molecule is shown, though additional shells may be shown for completeness. An energy level is a quantified stable energy, which a physical system can have; the term is most commonly used in reference to the electron configuration of electrons, in atoms or molecules. ...