Douglas Campbell (center) poses with fellow 94th Aero Squadron aviators Eddie Rickenbacker (l.) and Kenneth Marr (r.)

Douglas Campbell (June 7, 1896 – December 16, 1990) was an American aviator and World War I flying ace. He was the first American aviator flying in an American unit to achieve the status of ace. June 7 is the 158th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (159th in leap years), with 207 days remaining. ... 1896 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... December 16 is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Temptations album, see 1990 (Temptations album) MCMXC redirects here; for the Enigma album, see MCMXC a. ... Aviators are people who fly aircraft either for pleasure or for a job. ... World War I was primarily a European conflict with many facets: immense human sacrifice, stalemate trench warfare, and the use of new, devastating weapons - tanks, aircraft, machine guns, and poison gas World War I, also known as the First World War, the Great War, the War of the Nations and... A flying ace is a military aviator who has shot down five or more enemy aircraft. ... A flying ace is a military aviator who has shot down five or more enemy aircraft. ...

Campbell was born in San Francisco, California. He was the son of famed astronomer William W. Campbell, the head of the Lick Observatory and future president of the University of California. At the time the United States entered World War I in April 1917, he was a student at Harvard University noted for his athletic prowess. Campbell and close friend Quentin Roosevelt, the son of former President Theodore Roosevelt, immediately dropped out of college and enlisted in the United States Army. The downtown San Francisco skyline, looking east from the central part of the city. ... An astronomer or astrophysicist is a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics. ... William Wallace Campbell (April 11, 1862 – June 14, 1938) was an American astronomer. ... The Lick Observatory is an astronomical observatory, owned and operated by the University of California. ... The University of California, Berkeley (also known as Cal, UC Berkeley, UCB, or simply Berkeley) is a prestigious, public, coeducational university situated in the foothills of Berkeley, California to the east of San Francisco Bay, overlooking the Golden Gate and its bridge. ... April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... Harvard University is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, and a member of the Ivy League. ... Quentin Roosevelt (November 19, 1897 - July 14, 1918) was a son of President Theodore Roosevelt. ... For the pop band, see Presidents of the United States of America. ... Theodore Roosevelt (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was the 26th (1901–09) President of the United States. ... US Army Seal HHC, US Army Distinctive Unit Insignia The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ...

Assigned to the Air Service, Campbell learned to fly in a Curtiss Jenny aircraft and was later trained in a Nieuport fighter. He was assigned to the famous 94th Aero Pursuit Squadron (the "Hat in the ring" gang). He was noted for several firsts in his service. He flew the squadron's first patrol along with two other famous aviators, Eddie Rickenbacker and Raoul Lufbery. Due to supply problems, the trio flew their first mission in unarmed planes. His first kill came while flying in an aircraft armed with only one rather that the usual two machine guns. The Curtiss JN-4 biplane is possibly North Americas most famous World War I airplane. ... Nieuport was a French aeroplane manufacturer founded in 1909 by Édouard de Nié Port. ... Eddie Rickenbacker Edward Vernonnnn (Eddie) Rickenbacker (October 8, 1890 – July 27, 1973) was an American fighter pilot who flew in World War I. He was born Edward Rickenbacher in Columbus, Ohio to Swiss immigrants. ... Major Raoul Lufbery poses next to his Nieuport fighter Gervais Raoul Lufbery (March 14, 1885 – May 19, 1918) was an French-American fighter pilot and flying ace in World War I. Because he served in both the French and later the American air services in World War I, he is... A machine gun is a fully-automatic firearm that is capable of firing bullets in rapid succession. ...

He shared credit with Lt. Alan Winslow for the squadron's first confirmed victory, which was the first victory of any American flying unit in the war. He became the first American flying for an American unit to become an ace when he downed his fifth enemy aircraft over Lironville, France on May 31, 1918. May 31 is the 151st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (152nd in leap years), with 214 days remaining, as the last day of May. ...

Campbell was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross with Oak Leaf Cluster for bravery in aerial combat over Flirey, France on May 19, 1918. He was also awarded the Croix de Guerre avec palme by the French military. He scored his sixth and final victory on June 5, 1918. The Distinguished Service Cross (D.S.C.) is a military decoration for courage. ... Bronze and Silver oak leaf clusters An Oak leaf cluster is a common device which is placed on military awards and decorations to denote those who have received more than one bestowal of a particular decoration. ... May 19 is the 139th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (140th in leap years). ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... The Croix de guerre is a military decoration of both Belgium and France which was first created in 1915. ... June 5 is the 156th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (157th in leap years), with 209 days remaining. ...

During this last action, Campbell was wounded by an exploding artillery shell and was sent back to the United States to recover from severe shrapnel injuries to his back. During his recuperation, he made appearances at numerous war bond rallies. Campbell hoped to return to combat and was reassigned to his squadron in November 1918. By then however the war was winding down and he saw no further frontline action before the Armistice of November 11, 1918. Historically, artillery refers to any engine used for the discharge of projectiles during war. ... Shrapnel is the collective term for fragments and debris thrown out by an exploding shell or landmine. ... An American War Bonds poster from 1942 War bonds were a form of savings bond used in the United States and Canada to help fund World War I and World War II. They were also a measure to manage inflation by removing money from the economy heated up by the... An armistice is the effective end of a war, when the warring parties agree to stop fighting. ... November 11 is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 50 days remaining. ...

After the war, he took a job for W.R. Grace and Company. He became the Vice-President of Pan-American Airways in 1939 and was named the airline's general manager in 1948. He died in Greenwich, Connecticut at the age of 94. 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The general manager in the sense contemplated in this article is the executive of a professional sports team responsible primarily for acquiring the rights to player personnel, negotiation of their contracts and reassignment or dismissal of players no longer desired on the team. ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Greenwich is a town located in Fairfield County, Connecticut. ...

Trivia

• The serial number of Campbell's Nieuport 28C1 fighter was #6164 and was marked as squadron aircraft #10. Replicas of his aircraft along with its markings are popular with modern model builders.

• Although Campbell's official victory count stands at six, Eddie Rickenbacker in his autobiography Fighting the Flying Circus credited his fellow ace with downing at least seven aircraft during the war. He also concluded that had he remained healthy, Campbell could have surpassed him and become America's leading ace of the war.

A Serial Number is unique number that that is one of a series assigned for identification which varies from its successor or predecessor by a fixed discreet integer value. ...

References

• Let's Go Where the Action Is! The Wartime Experiences of Douglas Campbell; Douglas Campbell; JaaRE Publisher; 1984; ASIN: B0006EHDQY

• Fighting the Flying Circus; Eddie Rickenbacker; Time-Life Books; 1990; ISBN 0809479559

Asin is a a Filipino rock band. ...

People: Aces Aircraft: Allied - Central Powers - Zeppelins
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