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Manmohan Singh (ਮਨਮੋਹਨ ਸਿੰਘ in Gurmukhi) (born September 26, 1932 in Gah, West Punjab -- now in Pakistan -- is the fourteenth prime minister of India. He is from the Indian National Congress party. A member of the Sikh faith, Singh was sworn in on May 22, 2004 as India's first non-Hindu Prime Minister.
Singh is widely regarded as the architect of India's economic reform programme. His policies of economic liberalizations and reforms as finance minister under the Narasimha Rao government in the 1990s, including reduction of several redundant socialist policies, brought the country back from a looming economic bankruptcy. He is an economist, formerly connected with the International Monetary Fund and was educated at Nuffield College, Oxford, St John's College, Cambridge and Punjab University.
Although his economic policies were widely popular, especially among the middle class, he lost his election to the Lok Sabha from South Delhi in 1999. He has been the member of the Rajya Sabha from Assam since 1991 and the Leader of the Opposition (1998 - 2004).
A rather low-key politician, Manmohan Singh has had a "squeaky clean" image and was advisor to Sonia Gandhi throughout the election campaign in 2004. He was awarded the Outstanding Parliamentarian Award in 2002.
Singh has been married since 1958, and has three daughters. His appointment is also notable as it comes 20 years after India witnessed significant trouble between the Indian government and Sikhs, which ultimately led to the assassination of Indira Gandhi.
Road to becoming Prime Minister of India The Congress alliance won a surprisingly high number of seats in the Parliamentary elections of 2004. The Left Front decided to support a Congress alliance government from outside in order to "keep communal forces out" of power. Sonia Gandhi was elected leader of Congress Parliamentary Party and was expected to become the Prime Minister but in a surprise move, declined to accept the post and instead nominated Dr. Manmohan Singh as Prime Minister. There were protests within the Congress about her refusal but eventually people accepted her decision and the allies too accepted her choice. Singh secured the nomination for prime minister on May 19, 2004 when President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam officially asked him to form a government.
Career - First Class Honours degree in Economics, University of Cambridge, (1957)
- Punjab University, Chandigarh, India
- D.Phil in Economics, Nuffield College at Oxford University, (1962)
- Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi
- Professor of International Trade (1969-1971)
- Honorary Professor (1996)
- Economic Advisor, Ministry of Foreign Trade, India (1971-1972)
- Chief Economic Advisor, Ministry of Finance, India, (1972-1976)
- Honorary Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi (1976)
- Director, Reserve Bank of India (1976-1980)
- Director, Industrial Development Bank of India (1976-1980)
- Secretary, Ministry of Finance (Department of Economic Affairs), Government of India, (1977-1980)
- Governor, Reserve Bank of India (1982-1985)
- Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission of India, (1985-1987)
- Advisor to Prime Minister of India on Economic Affairs (1990-1991)
- Finance Minister of India, (June 21, 1991 - May 15, 1996)
- Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha
- Prime Minister of India (May 22, 2004 - Present)
External links - Prime Minister's Office (http://pmindia.nic.in/) - Official page includes profile (http://pmindia.nic.in/meet.htm), etc
- India's architect of reforms - BBC NEWS (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/3725357.stm)
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