Dreyfus was arrested for treason on October 15, 1894 and the events that follow until his eventual exoneration on July 12, 1906 are chronicled in the article on the Dreyfus affair concerning which he was best known.
Dreyfus' time in prison, notably at Devil's Island, had been difficult on his health, and he was granted retirement in October 1907.
Dreyfus was present at the translation of Emile Zola's ashes in 1908 when he was wounded in the arm by a gunshot from a disgruntled journalist.
Captain Alfred Dreyfus of the French Army was convicted of treason before a crowd hurling anti-Semitic epithets and on January 5, 1895 publicly demoted and exiled for life to Devil's Island off the coast of South America.
Dreyfus, the son of a wealthy, assimilated Jewish family, had joined the army as an engineer, and became the only Jew on the general staff.
The verdict was again treason, but the sentence reduced to ten years because of "extenuating circumstances." Dreyfus agreed not to appeal, and was eventually pardoned by the president of the republic.
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