NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Druzhina

Armies of Russia
Kievan Rus' Druzhina may refer to one of the following. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Druzhina (862-1400s) Events Rurik gained control of Novgorod. ... Category: ... Muscovy Image File history File links Size of this preview: 774 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (800 Ã— 620 pixel, file size: 213 KB, MIME type: image/png) (All user names refer to en. ... Streltsy (1400s-1721) Streltsy (Ð¡Ñ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ»ÑŒÑ†Ñ‹ in Russian) were the units of Russian guardsmen (sl. ... Category: ... // Events Pope Innocent XIII becomes pope Johann Sebastian Bach composes the Brandenburg Concertos April 4 - Robert Walpole becomes the first prime minister of Britain September 10 - Treaty of Nystad is signed, bringing an end to the Great Northern War November 2 - Peter I is proclaimed Emperor of All the Russias... Imperial Russia Image File history File links Romanov_Flag. ... Army (1721-1917) A Red Army is a communist army. ... // Events Pope Innocent XIII becomes pope Johann Sebastian Bach composes the Brandenburg Concertos April 4 - Robert Walpole becomes the first prime minister of Britain September 10 - Treaty of Nystad is signed, bringing an end to the Great Northern War November 2 - Peter I is proclaimed Emperor of All the Russias... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... White Movement Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia. ... White Guard (1917-1921) White Army redirects here. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... Year 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Soviet Union Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union. ... Red Army (1918-1991) The Military of the Soviet Union was the Armed Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics from their establishment, before the USSR itself was formed, by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918, to the collapse of the Soviet Union in December 1991. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Russian Federation Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia. ... Army (1991-Present) The Russian Ground Forces (Russian: ) are the land forces of the Russian Federation, formed from parts of the collapsing Soviet Army in 1992. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... 2007 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Armies of Ukraine
Kievan Rus' Druzhyna (862—1400s)
Zaporozhian Host Zaporozhian Host (1492—1775)
Ukrainian People's Republic Sich Riflemen (1917—1919) Ukrainian People's Army (1918—20) Ukrainian Galician Army (1918—19)
Independent Forces (Civil War Era) Black Army (1918—1924)
Soviet Union Soviet Military (1918—1991)
Ukraine Armed Forces (1991—Present) This box: view • talk • edit Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Trydent of Yaroslav I Map of the Kievan Rusâ€², 11th century Capital Kiev Religion Orthodox Christianity Government Monarchy Historical era Middle Ages - Established 9th century - Disestablished 12th century Currency Hryvnia Kievan Rusâ€² was the early, predominantly East Slavic[1] medieval state of Rurikid dynasty dominated by the city of Kiev... For other uses, see Druzhina (disambiguation). ... Events Rurik gained control of Novgorod. ... Category: ... Image File history File links Bulava_t. ... The Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks to Sultan Mehmed IV of Turkey. ... The Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks to Sultan Mehmed IV of Turkey. ... Also film, 1492: Conquest of Paradise. ... Year 1775 (MDCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Ukrainian Peoples Republic (Ukrainian: ), also sometimes translated as Ukrainian National Republic, abbreviated UNR (Ð£ÐÐ ), was a republic in part of the territory of modern Ukraine after the Russian Revolution, eventually headed by Symon Petliura. ... A monument in honor of Sich Rifles Sich Riflemen (Ukrainian: ) is the name applied to and used by various military organizations formed by Austria-Hungary in the territory of modern Ukraine in 1917 out of local population. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... The Ukrainian Galician Army fielded a Jewish battalion (Zhydivskiy Kurin UHA) recruited from Ternopil and led by Leutenant S. Leimberg. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Simon Karetnik, Batko Makhno, and Fedir Shchus (Fedor Shchus). ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Year 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union. ... The Military of the Soviet Union was the Armed Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics from their establishment, before the USSR itself was formed, by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918, to the collapse of the Soviet Union in December 1991. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ukraine. ... Organization Ukraines military consists of Armed Forces of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Збройні сили України, ЗСУ, Zbroyni Syly Ukrainy) and few other independent militarized insititutions. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st Century. ...

Druzhina, Druzhyna or Drużyna (Russian and Ukrainian: дружина, druzhyna, Polish drużyna) in the history of early East Slavs was a detachment of select troops in personal service of a chieftain, later knyaz. Its original functions were bodyguarding, raising tribute from the conquered territories and serving as the core of an army during war campaigns. The druzhina organization varied with time and survived in one form or another until the 16th century. The East Slavs are a Slavic ethnic group, the speakers of East Slavic languages. ... The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view. ... Kniazâ€™ or knyaz is a word found in some Slavic languages, denoting a nobility rank. ... Bodyguards of Viktor Yushchenko (far left) after leaving Gdansk city hall. ...

The name is derived from the Slavic word drug (друг) with the meaning of "companion, friend". It is a cognate of the Germanic drottin (Proto-Germanic *druhtinaz) meaning "war band". Look up cognate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Drott, DrÃ³tt or DrÃ³ttin was a Scandinavian kingly and priestly title corresponding to prince in a wide sense. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Archaeological excavations suggest that druzhinas existed in the region as far back as the 6th and 7th centuries. The first original record of their existence related to the history of East Slavs is in the memoirs of Ahmad ibn Fadlan, who while describing burial habits of a chieftain of a people he called the Rūs ( روس ), mentions that their leader had in his household a detachment of four hundred warriors. He describes a human sacrifice of the most devoted ones among them (a trizna) when the chieftain dies. Ahmad ibn FadlÄn ibn al-AbbÄs ibn RaÅ¡Ä«d ibn HammÄd (Ø£ØÙ…Ø¯ Ø¥Ø¨Ù† ÙØ¶Ù„Ø§Ù† Ø¥Ø¨Ù† Ø£Ù„Ø¹Ø¨Ø§Ø³ Ø¥Ø¨Ù† Ø±Ø´ÙŠØ¯ Ø¥Ø¨Ù† ØÙ…Ø§Ø¯) was a 10th century Muslim writer and traveler who wrote an account of his travels as a member of an embassy of the Abbasid Caliph of Baghdad to the king of the Volga Bulgars, the Kit... Rusâ€™ (????, ) was a medieval East Slavic nation, which, according to the most popular (but by no means only) theory, may have taken its name from a ruling warrior class, possibly with Scandinavian roots. ... Viktor Vasnetsov. ...

Druzhinniks (members of the druzhina) served freely. At any moment any of them could leave one knyaz and join another one. Modern estimates of sizes of a druzhina match that of ibn Fadlan's: Sizes varied, but never exceeded several hundred persons. During military campaigns a druzhina was a nucleus of the troops formed by means of a kind of levy. Look up Levy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

A druzhina was paid by a knyaz, and received a share of military loot.

In the 11th and 12th centuries the druzhina separates into two layers: elder druzhina (дружина старшая), also called better druzhina (дружина лепшая) or fore druzhina (дружина передняя), and younger druzhina (дружина молодшая). The elder druzhina consisted of knyaz's men (княжие мужи) who eventually became boyars. They held higher military and civil positions (posadnik, voivod) and were advisors of a knyaz. A boyar (also spelled bojar, Romanian: ) was a member of the highest rank of the feudal Bulgarian, Romanian, and Russian aristocracy, second only to the ruling princes, from the 10th century through the 17th century. ... Posadnik (Посадник in Russian) was a deputy of Kniaz in some East Slavic places assigned to rule a city or a land. ... Voivod or (more common) voivoda is a Slavic term initially denoting first in command of a military unit. ...

In addition to military service, druzhinniks of the younger druzhina (called otroki or gridni) ran errands for a knyaz and served as his bodyguards. Younger druzhina did not take part in knyaz's councils, with the exception of military ones, which had a very broad representation. Bodyguards of Viktor Yushchenko (far left) after leaving Gdansk city hall. ...

Vladimir Monomakh Feasting with His Druzhina, by Viktor Vasnetsov. Monomakh is regarded as a typical "druzhinnyi knyaz".

Manuscripts mention that elder druzhinniks had their own personal druzhinas. Image File history File links Viktor Vasnetsov (1848-1926). ... Image File history File links Viktor Vasnetsov (1848-1926). ... Volodymyr Monomakh (Ukrainian: Ð’Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸Ñ€ ÐœÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð°Ñ…; Russian: Ð’Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸Ñ€ ÐœÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð°Ñ…; Christian name Vasiliy, or Basil) (1053 -- May 19, 1125) was the ruler of Kievan Rus. ... Self-portrait 1873 Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov (Ð’Ð¸ÐºÑ‚Ð¾Ñ€ ÐœÐ¸Ñ…Ð°Ð¹Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‡ Ð’Ð°ÑÐ½ÐµÑ†Ð¾Ð²) (May 15 (N.S.), 1848â€”1926) was a Russian artist who specialized in mythological and historical subjects. ...

When a knyaz died, his druzhina was inherited by his successor, who usually already had his own druzhina. This was usually a source of rivalry: the druzhina of the previous knyaz claimed experience, while the newcomers commanded the trust of the new leader.

Starting in the 12th century in northern principalities, a land-endowed military class had formed from druzhina. Vladimir-Suzdal Principality, Vladimir-Suzdal Grand Duchy (Russian: , tr. ...

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See also