NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Dubya

George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States and a former Governor of the State of Texas. A member of the Republican Party, he was previously a businessman in both the oil industry and professional sports, serving as managing general partner of the Texas Rangers baseball team. He is the second son of a former President to occupy the White House. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2267x3000, 1890 KB) Current picture of George W. Bush, from http://www. ... The President of the United States (often abbreviated POTUS) is the head of state of the United States. ... Richard Bruce Cheney (born January 30, 1941), widely known as Dick Cheney, is an American politician and businessman affiliated with the U.S. Republican Party. ... January 20 is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... The present is the time that is perceived directly, not as a recollection or a speculation. ... William Jefferson Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. ... July 6 is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 178 days remaining. ... 1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... City nickname: The Elm City Location in the state of Connecticut Founded April 24, 1638 County New Haven County Mayor John DeStefano, Jr. ... State nickname: The Constitution State Other U.S. States Capital Hartford Largest city Bridgeport Governor M. Jodi Rell (R) Official languages English Area 14,371 kmÂ² (48th) - Land 12,559 kmÂ² - Water 1,809 kmÂ² (12. ... First Lady Laura Bush Laura Lane Bush (nÃ©e Welch) (born November 4, 1946) is the wife of U.S. President George W. Bush and is the First Lady of the United States. ... The Republican Party, often called the GOP (for Grand Old Party, although one early citation described it as the Gallant Old Party [1]), is one of the two major political parties in the United States (the other being the Democratic Party). ... July 6 is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 178 days remaining. ... 1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... The President of the United States (often abbreviated POTUS) is the head of state of the United States. ... ... The Republican Party, often called the GOP (for Grand Old Party, although one early citation described it as the Gallant Old Party [1]), is one of the two major political parties in the United States (the other being the Democratic Party). ... A businessman (sometimes businesswoman, female; or businessperson, gender neutral) is a generic term for a wide range of people engaged in profit-oriented enterprises, generally the management of a company. ... The Oil industry brings to market what is currently considered the lifeblood of nearly all other industry, if not industrialized civilization itself. ... The Texas Rangers are a Major League Baseball team based in Arlington, Texas, a suburb in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. ... Baseball is popular in the Americas and East Asia. ... The southern side of the White House The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. ...

Bush was elected 46th Governor of Texas in 1994, defeating Ann Richards, and was re-elected in 1998. He won the Republican nomination in the 2000 presidential election, and defeated Vice President Al Gore of the Democratic Party in a particularly close and controversial general election. In 2001, Bush became the fourth president in U.S. history to take office after losing the popular vote. In the 2004 election, Bush was elected to a second term, defeating Democratic Senator John Kerry of Massachusetts. In politics, Governor of Texas is the title given to the chief executive of the state of Texas. ... 1994 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ... Ann Willis Richards (born September 1, 1933), nÃ©e Dorothy Ann Willis, is an American politician from Texas. ... 1998 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... The Vice President of the United States is the second-highest executive official of the United States government, the person who is, in the words of Adlai Stevenson, a heartbeat from the presidency. ... Albert Arnold Gore Jr. ... The Democratic Party is one of two major political parties in the United States. ... The United States Electoral College is the electoral college which chooses the President and Vice President of the United States at the conclusion of each Presidential election. ... Presidential election results map. ... John Forbes Kerry (born December 11, 1943) is the junior United States Senator from Massachusetts. ... State nickname: Bay State Other U.S. States Capital Boston Largest city Boston Governor Mitt Romney (R) Official languages English Area 27,360 kmÂ² (44th) - Land 20,317 kmÂ² - Water 7,043 kmÂ² (25. ...

Bush is a member of a prominent political family; his father, George H. W. Bush, served as U.S. President for four years and as Vice President for eight, his brother Jeb Bush is the current Governor of Florida, and his grandfather, Prescott Bush, was a United States Senator. Barbara Bush, Jeb Bush, George H.W. Bush, Laura Bush, and George W. Bush watch tee ball on the White House lawn. ... George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) was the 41st President of the United States (1989â€“1993). ... John Ellis Jeb Bush (born February 11, 1953), a Republican, is the forty-third and current Governor of Florida. ... List of Governors of Florida: Florida Governors Military Government Territorial Government Statehood Categories: Lists of United States governors | Governors of Florida | Government of Florida ... Prescott Sheldon Bush (May 15, 1895, Columbus, Ohio â€“ October 8, 1972, New York City) was a U.S. Senator from Connecticut and a Wall Street executive banker with Brown Brothers Harriman. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ...

Education, military service, and early personal life

Main article: Early life of George W. Bush George and Laura Bush with their daughters Jenna and Barbara, 1990. ...

The son of former President George H. W. Bush and his wife Barbara, George Walker Bush was born in New Haven, Connecticut but was raised in Midland and Houston, Texas along with his brothers Jeb, Neil, and Marvin and his sister Dorothy. Source: http://usembassy. ... Source: http://usembassy. ... 1990 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) was the 41st President of the United States (1989â€“1993). ... Barbara Pierce Bush (born June 8, 1925) is the wife of the 41st President of the United States, George H. W. Bush, and was First Lady of the United States from 1989 to 1993. ... City nickname: The Elm City Location in the state of Connecticut Founded April 24, 1638 County New Haven County Mayor John DeStefano, Jr. ... Sand storm that passed over Midland, Texas, February 20, 1894 at 6:00 p. ... Houstons downtown skyline. ... John Ellis Jeb Bush (born February 11, 1953), a Republican, is the forty-third and current Governor of Florida. ... Neil Bush Neil Mallon Bush (born January 22, 1955 in Midland, Texas) is the son of former President George Herbert Walker Bush and Barbara Bush (Barbara Lane Pierce) and younger brother of President George Walker Bush and Governor Jeb Bush. ... Marvin Pierce Bush (born October 22, 1956) is the youngest son of George H. W. Bush and Barbara Pierce, and brother of George W., John (Jeb), Neil and Dorothy. ... Dorothy is a feminine given name in English. ...

After graduating from the Phillips Academy in June 1964, Bush attended Yale University, where he graduated with a B.A. in History in 1968, carrying a 2.35 grade point average. Phillips Academy (also known as Andover and Phillips Andover) is a coed high school for boarding and day students grades 9-12 located in Andover, Massachusetts, near Boston. ... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 1964 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... For other uses, see Yale (disambiguation). ... A Bachelor of Arts (B.A. or A.B., from the Latin Artium Baccalaureus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a course or program in the arts and/or sciences. ... ... 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... A grade in education can mean either a teachers evaluation of a students work or a students level of educational progress, usually one grade per year (often denoted by an ordinal number, such as the 3rd Grade or the 12th Grade). This article is about evaluation of...

In May 1968 he joined the Texas Air National Guard; questions about his service during this period would end up dogging him throughout the 2004 Presidential Election. In 1973 he obtained permission to end his six-year obligation six months early, and left to attend Harvard Business School, where he received his MBA in 1975. Two years later, he married Laura Welch, a librarian originally from Midland. They have twin daughters, Barbara and Jenna born in 1981. George W. Bush is the only President in history to be the father of twins. This article is about the month of May. ... 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... Presidential election results map. ... 1973 was a common year starting on Monday. ... Harvard Business School Harvard Business School (HBS) is one of the graduate schools of Harvard University, and is one of the worlds leading management schools. ... Master of Business Administration (MBA) is a tertiary degree in business management. ... 1975 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... First Lady Laura Bush Laura Lane Bush (nÃ©e Welch) (born November 4, 1946) is the wife of U.S. President George W. Bush and is the First Lady of the United States. ... 1981 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Religious beliefs and practices

After meeting with evangelist Billy Graham in 1985 [1] Bush became more involved in religion. It was also during this period that he left the Episcopal Church and joined his wife's denomination, the United Methodist Church. This decision reflected Bush's conversion experience during these years, prompting him to move towards a faith community that embraced a more conservative religious belief system. Billy Graham The Rev. ... 1985 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul in the nations capital is the national cathedral of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. ... The United Methodist Church is the largest Methodist, and the second-largest Protestant, denomination in the United States. ...

Currently Bush is known for his private daily morning Bible study periods, and for the Thursday lunch Bible study meetings which he sponsors at the White House. While he invariably shies away from directly discussing the particulars of his faith, he is known to generally advocate conservative Christian religious values.

Business and early political career

In 1978, Bush ran for the U.S. House of Representatives but lost to a State Senator, Democrat Kent Hance. Ronald Reagan, at the time a former Governor of California, endorsed Bush's opponent in the Republican primary. 1978 was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ... Seal of the House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the Congress of the United States, the other being the Senate. ... The Texas Legislature is the central lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Texas. ... Kent Hance (born November 14, 1942) is a former Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives for the 19th Congressional District of Texas, serving from 1979 to 1985; he later switched to the Republican Party. ... Ronald Wilson Reagan, GCB, (February 6, 1911 â€“ June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981â€“1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967â€“1975). ... State nickname: The Golden State Other U.S. States Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger (R) Official languages English Area 410,000 kmÂ² (3rd) - Land 404,298 kmÂ² - Water 20,047 kmÂ² (4. ... A primary election is an election in which registered voters in a jurisdiction select a political partys candidate for a later election (nominating primary). ...

Bush began his career in the oil industry in 1979, when he established Arbusto Energy, an oil and gas exploration company he formed with leftover funds from his education trust fund and money from other investors. The 1979 energy crisis hurt Arbusto and, after a name change to Bush Exploration Co., Bush sold the company in 1984 to Spectrum 7, another Texas oil and gas exploration firm. Under the terms of the sale, Spectrum 7 made Bush its chief executive officer. Spectrum 7 lost revenue and was merged into Harken Energy Corporation in 1986, with Bush becoming a director of Harken. This page refers to the year 1979. ... Arbusto Energy (Arbusto Oil) was a petroleum and energy corporation formed in Midland, Texas, in 1977, by George W. Bush. ... The 1979 (or second) energy crisis occurred in the wake of the Iranian Revolution. ... 1984 is a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Spectrum 7 was an oil company started by William DeWitt and Mercer Reynolds. ... Within a corporation, the chief executive officer is the highest-ranking corporate officer or executive. ... Harken Energy Corporation is an American oil and gas company, having its headquarters in Southlake, Texas. ... 1986 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

After working on his father's successful 1988 presidential campaign, he was told by a friend, William DeWitt, Jr., that another family friend, Eddie Chiles, wanted to sell the Texas Rangers, his Arlington-based Major League Baseball franchise. In April 1989, Bush assembled a group of investors from his father's close friends (including fellow fraternity brother Roland W. Betts); the group bought 86% of the Rangers for $75 million. (Bush later appointed one of these partners, Tom Schieffer, to the post of Ambassador to Australia.) Bush received a two percent share by investing $606,302, of which $500,000 was a bank loan. Bush paid off the loan by selling $848,000 worth of stock in Harken Energy in 1990. As Harken Energy reported significant financial losses within a year of this sale (as did much of the energy industry due to the recession of the early 1990s), the fact that Bush was advised by his own counsel not to sell his shares later fueled allegations of insider trading. See George W. Bush insider trading allegations for more information. The federal U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) concluded on March 27, 1992 by Assistant Director of the SEC Herb Janick that Bush had a "preexisting plan" to sell the Harken stock and that Bush had a "relatively limited role in Harken management" and that they did not believe insider trading took place. ([2], [3], [4], [5]) Image File history File links Official portrait as Governor of Texas File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Official portrait as Governor of Texas File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The election was held on November 8, 1988. ... William DeWitt, Jr. ... Harrell Edmonds Eddie Chiles (May 11, 1910 - August 22, 1993) was the founder of the Western Oil Company and an owner of the Texas Rangers. ... City nickname: none Location Location within the state of Texas Government County Tarrant County Mayor Dr. Robert Cluck Physical characteristics Area Land Water 256. ... MLB logo Major League Baseball (MLB) is the highest level of play in professional baseball in the world. ... 1989 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Roland W. Betts is an investor, film producer, and developer and owner of Chelsea Piers. ... John Thomas Tom Schieffer (born October 4, 1947) is the United States Ambassador to Japan, and was Ambassador to Australia from 2001 to 2005. ... In House of Bush, House of Saud, Craig Unger asserts that at the time of Bushs sale, Harken Energy was expected to run out of money in just three days (p. ... For other uses of SEC, see SEC (disambiguation) The Securities and Exchange Commission, commonly referred to as the SEC, is the United States governing body which has primary responsibility for overseeing the regulation of the securities industry. ...

Bush served as managing general partner of the Rangers for five years. He was active in the team's media relations and in securing the construction of a new stadium, which opened in 1994 as The Ballpark in Arlington. [6] Bush's prominent role with the Rangers gave him valuable goodwill and name recognition throughout Texas. ([7]) Ameriquest Field in Arlington is a baseball stadium located in Arlington, Texas, located between Dallas and Fort Worth, Texas. ...

In 1994, Bush took a leave of absence from the Rangers to run for Governor of Texas against the popular incumbent, Democrat Ann Richards. On November 8, 1994, he defeated Richards, 53% to 46%. As Governor, Bush forged a legislative alliance with powerful Texas Lt. Governor Bob Bullock, a longtime Democrat. In 1998 Bush went on to win re-election in a landslide with close to 69% of the vote, becoming the first Texas governor to be elected for two consecutive four-year terms. [8] (Until 1975, Texas governors served two-year terms.) During Bush's terms as Governor, he undertook significant legislative changes in the areas of criminal justice, tort law, and school financing. Bush took a hard line on capital punishment, and received much criticism from advocates wanting to abolish the death penalty. Under Bush, Texas' incarceration rate was 1014 inmates per 100,000 state population in 1999, the second highest in the world (Louisiana was first at 1025 inmates), due mainly to the strict illegal drug laws enforcement in Texas. One of his accomplishments was the Texas Futile Care Law. Bush's transformative agenda, in combination with his political and family pedigree, catapulted him onto the national political radar. As the campaign to succeed Bill Clinton as president began in earnest, Bush emerged as a key figure. Bush Texas Portrait File links The following pages link to this file: George W. Bush Categories: Images with unknown source ... The Texas State Capitol, located in Austin, Texas, is the fourth building to serve as the seat of Texas government. ... 1994 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ... In politics, Governor of Texas is the title given to the chief executive of the state of Texas. ... The incumbent, in politics, is the current holder of a political office. ... Ann Willis Richards (born September 1, 1933), nÃ©e Dorothy Ann Willis, is an American politician from Texas. ... November 8 is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 53 days remaining. ... Texas Lieutenant Governor Bob Bullock Bob Bullock (July 10, 1929 - June 18, 1999) was an American politician from Texas. ... 1998 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... In politics, a landslide victory (or just a landslide) is the victory of a candidate or political party by an overwhelming majority in an election. ... 1975 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... In the common law, a tort is a civil wrong for which the law provides a remedy. ... Capital punishment, also referred to as the death penalty, is the judicially ordered execution of a prisoner as a punishment for a serious crime, often called a capital offense or a capital crime. ... The Texas Advance Directives Act (1999) describes certain provisions that are now Chapter 166 of the Texas Health & Safety Code. ... William Jefferson Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. ...

Presidential campaigns

In Bush's 2000 presidential election campaign, he declared himself to be a "compassionate conservative". He campaigned on, among other issues, allowing religious charities to participate in federally funded programs, cutting taxes, promoting the use of education vouchers, supporting oil drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, maintaining a balanced federal budget, and restructuring the armed forces. In foreign policy, he stated that he was against using the U.S. armed forces in nation building attempts abroad. Download high resolution version (757x1024, 93 KB)President Bush at a GOP Rally in St. ... Download high resolution version (757x1024, 93 KB)President Bush at a GOP Rally in St. ... This article is about the George W. Bush presidential campaign, 2000, now the incumbent President of the United States as a result of his victory in the 2000 election. ... Compassionate conservatism is a political philosophy that was invented by Marvin Olasky, whose book Compassionate Conservatism: What it is, What it Does, and How it Can Transform America was published in 2000, and Myron Magnet of the Manhattan Institute. ... The Elections and Parties Series Democracy Representative democracy History of democracy Referenda Liberal democracy Representation Voting Voting systems Ideology Elections Elections by country Elections by calendar Electoral systems Politics Politics by country Political campaigns Political science Political philosophy Related topics Political parties Parties by country Parties by name Parties by... An education voucher, commonly called a school voucher, is a certificate by which parents are given the ability to pay for the education of their children at a school of their choice, rather than the public school to which they were assigned. ... Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Map The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge covers about 19,049,236 acres (79,318 kmÂ²) in northeastern Alaska, in the North Slope region. ... The process of creating the budget for the United States Government is known as the budget process. ... The armed forces of the United States of America consist of the United States Army United States Navy United States Air Force United States Marine Corps United States Coast Guard Note: The United States Coast Guard has both military and law enforcement functions. ... A foreign policy is a set of political goals that seeks to outline how a particular country will interact with the other countries of the world. ... Nation-building refers to the process of constructing or structuring a nation using the power of the state. ...

After winning the Republican nomination against his chief rival U.S. Senator John McCain, Bush faced Democratic candidate Vice President Al Gore. Bush won 271 electoral votes to Gore's 266, including the electoral votes of 30 of the 50 states. Neither candidate received a majority of the popular vote -- Bush received 47.9 percent; Gore, 48.4 percent -- but Gore received a plurality of about 540,000 more of the 105 million votes cast. Most of the votes that neither Bush nor Gore won went to Green Party candidate Ralph Nader (2,695,696 votes/2.7%), Reform Party candidate Pat Buchanan, (449,895/0.4%), and Libertarian Party candidate Harry Browne (386,024 votes/0.4%). Seal of the Senate The United States Senate is one of the two houses of the Congress of the United States, the other being the House of Representatives. ... John Sidney McCain III (born August 29, 1936) is an American politician. ... The Vice President of the United States is the second-highest executive official of the United States government, the person who is, in the words of Adlai Stevenson, a heartbeat from the presidency. ... Albert Arnold Gore Jr. ... The United States Electoral College is the electoral college which chooses the President and Vice President of the United States at the conclusion of each Presidential election. ... A U.S. state is any one of the fifty states (four of which officially favor the term commonwealth) which, together with the District of Columbia and Palmyra Atoll (an uninhabited incorporated unorganized territory), form the United States of America. ... A plurality (or relative majority) is the largest share of something, which may or may not be a majority. ... In United States politics, the Green Party has been active as a third party since the 1980s. ... Ralph Nader Ralph Nader (born February 27, 1934) is an American activist lawyer who opposes the power of large corporations and has worked for decades on environmental, consumer rights, and pro-democracy issues. ... The Reform Party of the United States of America (abbreviated Reform Party USA or RPUSA) is a political party in the United States, founded by Ross Perot in 1995 who said Americans were disillusioned with the state of politics--as being corrupt and unable to deal with vital issues--and... Patrick Buchanan Pat Buchanan (born November 2, 1938), is an American author, syndicated columnist, and television commentator. ... The Libertarian Party is a United States political party created in 1971. ... Harry Browne Harry Browne (June 17, 1933 - ) is an American free-market Libertarian writer and investment analyst. ...

It was the first presidential election since Benjamin Harrison was elected President in 1888 in which the winning candidate received fewer popular votes than his opponent. It was the first since Rutherford Hayes was elected in 1876 in which the winner of the electoral vote was in dispute and affected by a Supreme Court decision. The Florida totals, which favored Bush in the initial tallies, became hotly contested after concerns were raised about irregularities in the voting and tabulation processes. Al Gore, who had conceded the election in a phone call to Bush, rescinded that concession a few hours later. This article is about the President. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... Rutherford Birchard Hayes (October 4, 1822 - January 17, 1893) was the 19th (1877-1881) President of the United States. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... Seal of the Supreme Court The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest federal court in the United States of America. ...

A series of contentious court cases ensued regarding the legality of county-specific and statewide recounts. After machine and manual recounts in four counties, and with Bush still prevailing, the Florida Supreme Court ordered a statewide manual recount of all counties. The Bush campaign appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which, in its mid-December decision in Bush v. Gore, overturned the decision and halted all recounts. (Critics have pointed out that a number of the justices were appointed by his father, contending that they should have recused themselves, although that position too was subject to much criticism.) Gore then conceded the election again. The Florida Supreme Court is the highest court in the State of Florida. ... The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C. The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C., (large image) The Supreme Court of the United States, located in Washington, D.C., is the highest court (see supreme court) in the United States; that is, it has ultimate judicial authority within the United States... Holding Any manual recount of votes seeking to meet the December 12 â€œsafe harborâ€ deadline would be unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. ...

In the final official count, Bush won Florida by 537 votes (2,912,790 for Bush to 2,912,253 for Gore)[9], giving him the state's 25 electoral votes and the presidency. See U.S. presidential election, 2000 and The 2000 Florida Ballot Project. Bush was inaugurated President on January 20, 2001. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... January 20 is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ...

In the 2004 election Bush won a second term, carrying 31 of 50 states for a total of 286 Electoral College votes. Bush also won a majority of the popular vote: 50.73% to Kerry's 48.27%. Bush's popular vote total, at 62 million, is the largest ever, with Kerry's total of 59 million being the second largest. Bush was the first presidential candidate since his father, George H.W. Bush in 1988 to receive a majority of the popular vote. As in the 2000 election, there were charges raised alleging voting irregularities, especially in Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin. In 2004 they did not lead to recounts that were expected to affect the result. After a congressional electoral contest -- the second in American history -- failed, a lawsuit challenging the result in Ohio was withdrawn, because the congressional certification of the electoral votes had rendered the case moot. Presidential election results map. ... Order: 41st President Vice President: Dan Quayle Term of office: January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993 Preceded by: Ronald Reagan Succeeded by: Bill Clinton Date of birth: June 12, 1924 Place of birth: Milton, Massachusetts First Lady: Barbara Pierce Bush Political party: Republican George Herbert Walker Bush, KBE (born June... The election was held on November 8, 1988. ... After the 2004 U.S. Presidential election there were allegations of massive fraud, including but not limited to forging vote totals, miscounting votes for Kerry as votes for Bush [1], widespread voter intimidation and depriving neighborhoods likely to vote for Kerry of voting machines. ... This article details the vote recount effort and related legal challenges that took place after the 2004 U.S. election with a focus on states that had a high discrepancy between unadjusted exit poll results and official results in the US presidential race. ... Moss v Bush was a lawsuit filed in the Ohio Supreme Court on 13 December 2004 (Supreme Court of Ohio Case No. ... In law, a matter is moot if further legal proceedings with regard to it can have no effect, or events have placed it beyond the reach of the law. ...

Bush was inaugurated for his second term on January 20, 2005. The oath was administered by Chief Justice William Rehnquist. Bush's inaugural speech centered mainly on a theme of spreading freedom and democracy around the world. Bush stated in his second inaugural address on January 20, 2005: January 20 is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Chief Justice of the United States is the head of the Judicial Branch of the government of the United States, and presides over the Supreme Court of the United States. ... William Hubbs Rehnquist William Hubbs Rehnquist (October 1, 1924 â€“ September 3, 2005) was an American attorney, jurist and political figure, who served as a United States Supreme Court justice from 1972 until 1986 and as Chief Justice from 1986 until his death in 2005. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ...

Presidency

This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... George W. Bushs second term as President of the United States began at noon on January 20, 2005 and is expected to end with the swearing-in of the 44th President of the United States at noon, Washington, D.C. time, on January 20, 2009. ...

Foreign policy and security

During his first presidential visit to Europe in June 2001, Bush came under criticism from European leaders for his rejection of the Kyoto Protocol. In 2002, Bush came out strongly against the treaty as harmful to economic growth in the United States, stating: "My approach recognizes that economic growth is the solution, not the problem." [11] The administration also disputed the scientific basis for the treaty. [12] In November 2004, Russia ratified the treaty, giving it the required minimum of nations to put it into force without ratification by the United States. File links The following pages link to this file: Göran Persson George W. Bush Categories: NowCommons ... File links The following pages link to this file: Göran Persson George W. Bush Categories: NowCommons ... Hans GÃ¶ran Persson listen? (born January 20, 1949) is a Swedish politician. ... Romano Prodi (Scandiano, Reggio Emilia August 9, 1939) is an Italian politician and a former President of the European Commission. ... Gothenburg viewed from Liseberg amusement park Gothenburg (Swedish: GÃ¶teborg?) is a city and a municipality on the western coast of Sweden, in the County of VÃ¤stra GÃ¶taland. ... June 14 is the 165th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (166th in leap years), with 200 days remaining. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... During his campaign, George W. Bushs foreign policy platform included support for a stronger economic and political relationship with Latin America, especially Mexico, and a reduction of involvement in nation building and other small-scale military engagements. ... World map showing location of Europe When considered a continent, Europe is the worlds second-smallest continent in terms of area, with an area of 10,600,000 kmÂ² (4,140,625 square miles), making it larger than Australia only. ... Kyoto Protocol Opened for signature December 11, 1997 at Kyoto, Japan Entered into force February 16, 2005. ... A treaty is a binding agreement under international law concluded by subjects of international law, namely states and international organizations. ... Accumulated GDP growth for various countries. ...

During his campaign, Bush's foreign policy platform included support of a stronger economic and political relationship with Latin America, especially Mexico, and a reduction in involvement in "nation-building" and other small-scale military engagements that were not directly related to U.S. interests. However, after the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks, the administration focused much more on foreign policy in the Middle East. Image File history File links Bushreadingthepetgoat. ... Image File history File links Bushreadingthepetgoat. ... George W. Bush reading The Pet Goat. The Pet Goat (erroneously known as My Pet Goat) is a childrens story contained in the book Reading Mastery II: Storybook 1, by Siegfried Engelmann and Elaine C. Bruner (ISBN 0026863553). ... 9-11 can refer to: The September 11, 2001 attacks A collection of interviews of Noam Chomsky by a variety of European publications and individual interviewers during the month after the September 11, 2001 attacks September 11 (month-day date notation) 9 November (day-month date notation) The North American... The twin towers, photographed from the west The World Trade Center in New York City was a complex of seven buildings designed by American architect Minoru Yamasaki and leased by Larry Silverstein from the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey around a central plaza, near the south end... A foreign policy is a set of political goals that seeks to outline how a particular country will interact with the other countries of the world. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... This article or section should be merged with nation-building Nation building is the use of armed force in the aftermath of a conflict to underpin an enduring transition to democracy. ... The World Trade Center on fire The September 11, 2001 attacks were a series of coordinated terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...

Nearly a month after the attacks, on October 7, 2001, the United States and its allies commenced aerial bombing and launched a war against Afghanistan to topple the Taliban, which the Bush Administration charged with harboring Osama bin Laden. This action had strong international support, and the Taliban government folded quickly after the invasion. Subsequent nation-building efforts in concert with the United Nations under Afghan president Hamid Karzai have had mixed results; bin Laden was not apprehended or killed, and (as of 2005) is still at large. A sizeable contingent of troops and advisors remains into 2005. See U.S. invasion of Afghanistan for details. Democratic elections were held on October 9, 2004. There were allegations of flawed registration and validation, and 15 of the 18 presidential candidates threatened to withdraw, but international observers called the elections "fairly democratic" at the "overall majority" of polling centers. October 7 is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years). ... The Taliban (Pashtun and Persian: Ø·Ø§Ù„Ø¨Ø§Ù†; students), also transliterated as Taleban, is an Islamist and Pashtun nationalist movement which effectively ruled most of Afghanistan from 1996 until 2001, despite having diplomatic recognition from only three countries: the United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia. ... Osama bin Laden UsÄmah bin Muhammad bin `Awad bin LÄdin (born March 10, 1957) (Arabic: ), commonly known as Osama bin Laden, or Usama bin Laden, (Arabic: ), is the founder of al-Qaeda, a Sunni Islamist terrorist network that has been involved in attacks against civilians and military targets... The United Nations, or UN, is an international organization established in 1945. ... Hamid Karzai, (Pushtu: ØØ§Ù…Ø¯ Ú©Ø±Ø²ÙŠ Dari: ØØ§Ù…Ø¯ Ú©Ø±Ø²ÛŒ) (born December 24, 1957) is the current and first democratically elected President of Afghanistan (since December 7, 2004). ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The United States invasion of Afghanistan (codenamed Operation Enduring Freedom) occurred in October 2001, in the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks on the U.S., marking the beginning of its War on Terrorism campaign. ... An election to the office of President of Afghanistan was held on October 9, 2004. ... October 9 is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in Leap years). ... 2004(MMIV) is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In the week following the attacks on the twin towers in Manhattan in September 2001, President Bush made a brief but celebrated speech near the site of the collapsed buildings while surrounded by site workers. CNN reported that "As he stood on a pile of rubble in Manhattan, some people in the crowd shouted they couldn't hear him." [13] In his speech he asserted that those who had carried out the attacks would soon be "hearing from all of us". Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Ground zero is the exact location on the ground marking the detonation point of any bomb; in the case of a bomb designed to explode in the air, it refers to the point on the ground directly below the bomb at the moment of detonation. ... State nickname: Empire State Other U.S. States Capital Albany Largest city New York City Governor George Pataki (R) Official languages None (English is de facto) Area 141,205 kmÂ² (27th) - Land 122,409 kmÂ² - Water 18,795 kmÂ² (13. ... September 14 is the 257th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (258th in leap years). ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ...

On December 14, 2001, Bush withdrew from the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, which had been a bedrock of U.S.-Soviet nuclear stability during the Cold War, arguing it was no longer relevant. Bush has since then focused resources on a ballistic missile defense system. The proposed system has been the subject of much scientific criticism. Field tests have been mixed, with both some successes and failures. It is scheduled to start deployment in 2005. A ballistic missile defense system will not stop cruise missiles, or missiles transported by boat or land vehicle. Hence, many critics of the system believe it is an expensive mistake, built for the least likely attack, a nuclear tipped ballistic missile. Bush has also increased spending on military research and development and the modernization of weapons systems, but cancelled programs such as the Crusader self-propelled artillery system. The administration also began initial research into bunker-busting nuclear missiles. December 14 is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... 1972 was a leap year that started on a Saturday. ... The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (or ABM treaty) was a treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the limitation of the anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems used in defending areas against missile-delivered nuclear weapons. ... State motto (Russian): ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐµÑ… ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½, ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑŒ! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) (Translated: Workers of the world, unite!) Official language None; Russian (de facto) Capital Moscow Area - Total - % water Largest on the planet 22,402,200 kmÂ² ?% Population - Total - Density 3rd before collapse 293,047,571 (July 1991) 13. ... For the generic term for a high-tension rivalry between countries, see cold war (war). ... Polish missile wz. ... A payload launch vehicle carrying a prototype exoatmospheric kill vehicle is launched from Meck Island at the Kwajalein Missile Range on Dec. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Tomahawk cruise missile A cruise missile is a guided missile which uses a lifting wing and most often a jet propulsion system to allow sustained flight. ... The phrase research and development (also R and D or R&D) has a special commercial significance apart from its conventional coupling of research and technological development. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... XM2001 Crusader firing a shell The XM2001 Crusader was to be the United States Armys next generation self-propelled howitzer, designed to provide significant increases in artillery survivability, lethality, mobility, and operational effectiveness. ... Historically, artillery refers to any engine used for the discharge of projectiles during war. ...

In July of 2002, Bush cut off all funding to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). Bush claimed that the UNFPA supported forced abortions and sterilizations in China. 2002(MMII) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The United Nations Fund for Population Activities was started in 1969 and renamed the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) in 1987. ... Sterilization is a surgical technique leaving a male or female unable to procreate. ...

Iraq

Since the 1998 enactment of the Iraq Liberation Act, stated U.S. policy had been to remove Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq. After the 9/11 attacks, the Bush administration argued that the situation in Iraq had now become urgent. The Administration believed Saddam Hussein was a threat to U.S. interests, destabilized the Middle East, inflamed the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, gave financial support to terrorists and had WMD. While many members of previous U.S. administrations and other governments have come to agree with these assertions, another alleged motive given for the invasion of Iraq has been over the issue of petroleum, which has created further controversy. The Iraqi Liberation Act of 1998 (Public Law 105-338) was signed into law by the US President Bill Clinton on October 31, 1998. ... Saddam Hussein SaddÄm Hussein Ê»Abd al-MajÄ«d al-TikrÄ«t, sometimes spelled Husayn or Hussain; (Arabic ØµØ¯Ø§Ù… ØØ³ÙŠÙ† Ø¹Ø¨Ø¯ Ø§Ù„Ù…Ø¬ÙŠØ¯ Ø§Ù„ØªÙƒØ±ÙŠØªÙŠ; born April 28, 1937 ) was President of Iraq from 1979 until his removal and capture during the 2003 invasion of Iraq. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... Israel, the West Bank and Gaza Strip are at the center of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. ... Terrorism refers to the use of violence for the purpose of achieving a political, religious, or ideological goal. ... Weapons of Mass Destruction is also the name of rapper Xzibits 2004 album. ... Nodding donkey pumping an oil well near Sarnia, Ontario, 2001 Petroleum (from Greek petra â€“ rock and oleum â€“ oil), crude oil, sometimes colloquially called black gold, is a thick, dark brown or greenish liquid. ...

A controversy has also arisen over evidence of Iraq's armaments presented during the buildup to war. Conflicting intelligence reports noted that Saddam's regime had tried to acquire nuclear material and the U.S. argued that it had not properly accounted for biological and chemical material that it was known to possess, potential weapons of mass destruction (WMD) in violation of U.N. sanctions. There is debate between supporters and opponents of the war about whether the U.S. had any evidence that Iraq possessed WMD and whether they had any evidence of ties between Iraq and Al-Qaeda. [14],[15] However, on September 30, 2004, the U.S. Iraq Survey Group Final Report concluded that, "ISG has not found evidence that Saddam Husayn (sic) possessed WMD stocks in 2003, but the available evidence from its investigation—including detainee interviews and document exploitation—leaves open the possibility that some weapons existed in Iraq although not of a militarily significant capability." [16] (see Iraq and weapons of mass destruction and Saddam Hussein and Al-Qaeda, for full coverage). Nuclear materail consists of materials used in nuclear systems. ... Biological warfare, also known as germ warfare, is the use of any organism (bacteria, virus or other disease_causing organism) or toxin found in nature, as a weapon of war. ... Early detection of chemical agents Sociopolitical climate of chemical warfare While the study of chemicals and their military uses was widespread in China, the use of toxic materials has historically been viewed with mixed emotions and some disdain in the West (especially when the enemy were doing it). ... Weapons of mass destruction (WMD) generally include nuclear, biological, chemical and, increasingly, radiological weapons. ... United Nations sanctions against Iraq were imposed by the United Nations in 1991 following Iraqs invasion of Kuwait in 1990, and continued until the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003 because of the failure of Saddam Hussein to satisfy the UN conditions for lifting them. ... Al-Qaeda (Arabic: القاعدة, the foundation or the base) is the name given to a worldwide network of militant Islamist organizations under the leadership of Osama bin Laden. ... September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 92 days remaining, as the final day of September. ... 2004(MMIV) is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Iraq Survey Group (ISG) was a fact-finding mission sent by the coalition after the 2003 Invasion of Iraq to find weapons of mass destruction (WMD) programs developed by Iraq under the regime of former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein. ... c This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... In 2003, the Bush administration alleged that Saddam Hussein and al-Qaeda might conspire to launch terrorist attacks on America, and used this allegation, among others, to persuade Congress and the American people to invade Iraq. ...

Bush contended that Saddam might deliver WMD to terrorists such as Al-Qaeda. Beginning in 2002 and escalating in spring 2003, Bush pressed the UN to act on its disarmament mandates to Iraq, precipitating a diplomatic crisis. He began by pushing for UN weapons inspections in Iraq, which the UN instituted under UN Security Council Resolution 1441. Hans Blix and Mohamed ElBaradei led UN weapons inspectors in Iraq. There were occasional lapses in cooperation and limits on inspections set by the Iraqi government, leading to intense debate over the efficacy of inspections. Four days before the commencement of full-scale hostilities, the United States advised U.N. weapons inspectors to leave Iraq, and they departed the country. [17] After Saddam's capture, interrogators asked him, "If you had no weapons of mass destruction then why not let the U.N. inspectors into your facilities?" Saddam replied, "We didn’t want them to go into the presidential areas and intrude on our privacy.". To date, no WMDs have been uncovered in Iraq. Terrorism refers to the use of violence for the purpose of achieving a political, religious, or ideological goal. ... 2002(MMII) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the United Nations, for other uses of UN see UN (disambiguation) Official languages English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, Arabic Secretary-General Kofi Annan (since 1997) Established October 24, 1945 Member states 191 Headquarters New York City, NY, USA Official site http://www. ... Arms control is a broad term alluding to a range of political concepts and aims. ... The issue of Iraqs disarmament reached a crisis in 2002-2003, when George W. Bush demanded a complete end to alleged Iraqi production and use of weapons of mass destruction and that Iraq comply with UN Resolutions requiring UN inspectors unfettered access to areas those inspectors thought might have... United Nations Security Council Resolution 1441 is a resolution by the UN Security Council, passed unanimously on November 8, 2002, offering Iraq a final opportunity to comply with its disarmament obligations that had been set out in several previous resolutions (Resolution 660, Resolution 661, Resolution 678, Resolution 686, Resolution 687... Hans Blix Hans Blix listen? (born June 28, 1928 in Uppsala in Sweden) is a Swedish diplomat and politician. ... Dr. Mohamed ElBaradei (Ù…ØÙ…Ø¯Ø§Ù„Ø¨Ø±Ø§Ø¯Ø¹Ø¦)(born June 17, 1942, Egypt) is the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), an inter-governmental organization under the auspices of the United Nations. ...

Within the Bush administration, Secretary of State Colin Powell urged that the United States not go to war without clear UN approval. The administration examined the possibility of seeking an additional Security Council resolution to authorize the use of military force (pursuant to Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter), but abandoned the idea in the face of opposition from the majority of Security Council members and the public threat of a veto from France (cf. The UN Security Council and the Iraq war). Instead, the United States assembled a group of about forty nations, including the United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, and Poland, which Bush called the "coalition of the willing". The Seal of the United States Secretary of State The United States Secretary of State is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with foreign affairs. ... Colin Luther Powell, (pronounced koh-lihn, born April 5, 1937) was the 65th United States Secretary of State, serving from January 20, 2001 to January 26, 2005 under President George W. Bush. ... A session of the Security Council in progress The United Nations Security Council is the most powerful organ of the United Nations. ... The United Nations Charter is the constitution of the United Nations. ... In March 2003 the US government announced that diplomacy has failed and that it would proceed with a coalition of the willing to rid Iraq of its alleged weapons of mass destruction. The 2003 Iraq war officially started a few days later. ... Countries with Forces in Iraq and Those Who Have Lend Logistical and Moral Support, in Addition to Those Formally Affiliated with the Coalition. Coalition of the Willing is a phrase which has been used since the 1980s to refer to groups of nations acting collectively and often militarily outside of...

United Kingdom Prime Minister Tony Blair, who has declared he shares a close political relationship with the United States known as the "Special Relationship" was asked by several parts of the media and anti-war protesters in Britain to apologise for backing his friend Bush just prior to the 2005 UK General Election, he declined, saying "I can't say sorry, I have nothing to be sorry about, I believe I did the right thing". In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is the head of government, exercising many of the executive functions nominally vested in the Sovereign, who is head of state. ... The Right Honourable Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born 6 May 1953 in Edinburgh, Scotland) is the current Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, First Lord of the Treasury and Minister for the Civil Service. ... The United Kingdom general election of 2005 was held on Thursday, 5 May 2005 and won by the Labour Party, led by Tony Blair. ...

The coalition invaded Iraq on March 20, 2003, citing many Security Council resolutions regarding Iraq (1441, 1205, 1137, 1134, 1115, 1060, 949, 778, 715), the current and past lack of Iraqi cooperation with those resolutions, Saddam's intermittent refusal to co-operate with UN weapons inspectors, Saddam's alleged attempt to assassinate former president George Bush in Kuwait, and Saddam's violation of the 1991 cease fire agreement. The coalition argued that these resolutions authorized the use of force. Other world leaders, such as U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan, disagreed and called the war illegal. The primary stated goal of the war was to stop Iraq from deploying and developing WMD by removing Saddam from power. See 2003 invasion of Iraq for full coverage. March 20 is the 79th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (80th in Leap years). ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... assassin, see Assassin (disambiguation) Jack Ruby assassinated Lee Harvey Oswald in a very public manner. ... George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) was the 41st President of the United States (1989â€“1993). ... 1991 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... An armistice is the effective end of a war, when the warring parties agree to stop fighting. ... A use of force doctrine is employed by police forces, as well as soldiers on guard duty, to regulate the actions of police and guards. ... The United Nations Secretary-General is the head of the Secretariat, one of the principal divisions of the United Nations. ... Kofi Atta Annan (born April 8, 1938) is a Ghanaian diplomat and the seventh and current Secretary-General of the United Nations. ... This article covers invasion specifics. ...

The coalition was highly successful against the conventional Iraqi armed forces, and soon defeated the recognized Iraqi military. After the declared end of major combat operations on May 1, 2003, however, an insurgency caused substantially more problems than U.S. leaders had originally anticipated. The American public's support for Bush's handling of the Iraq War declined as an armed insurgency against coalition forces became more organized. A bipartisan intelligence review found no credible evidence that Saddam Hussein possessed WMD, although the report did conclude that Hussein's government was actively attempting to acquire technology that would allow Iraq to produce WMD's as soon as U.N. sanctions were lifted. The report also concluded that Saddam's missiles had a range greater than that allowed by the UN sanctions. The report found "no collaborative relationship" between Saddam Hussein and Al-Qaeda. Bush has defended his decision, arguing that "The world is safer today." [18] Other disputed issues have included questions about the biased selection and/or distortion of pre-war intelligence reports, democratization of the Middle East, relationship to the War on Terror, effect on the United States' relationship with European powers and on the role and function of the United Nations, debate over nation building, and the impact on nearby countries such as Iran, Syria, Lebanon, and Turkey. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The second USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72), nicknamed Abe, is the fifth Nimitz-class supercarrier in the United States Navy. ... City nickname: Americas Finest City Location Location of San Diego within San Diego County Government County San Diego Mayor vacant Physical characteristics Area Land Water 372. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wikisource. ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A conventional weapon is a weapon that does not incorporate chemical, biological or nuclear payloads. ... For the military meaning, see Armed force. ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... An insurgency is an armed rebellion by any irregular armed force that rises up against an established authority, government, administration or occupation. ... In a two-party system (such as in the United States), bipartisan refers to any bill, act, resolution, or any other action of a political body in which both of the major political parties are in agreement. ... Intelligence is the process and the result of gathering and analysing difficult to obtain or altogether secret information. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Confirmation bias is a tendency to search for information that confirms ones preconceptions. ... Democratization is the transition from authoritarian or semi-authoritarian systems to democratic political systems, where democratic systems are taken to be those approximating to universal suffrage, regular elections, a civil society, the rule of law, and an independent judiciary. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... The war on terrorism or war on terror (abbreviated in U.S. policy circles as GWOT for Global War on Terror) is an effort by the governments of the United States and its principal allies to destroy groups deemed to be terrorist (primarily radical Islamist organizations such as al-Qaeda...

The decision-making process of the Bush administration was the subject of a classified British document from July 22, 2002, known as the "Downing Street memo", which became public in May 2005. In it, the British Head of the Secret Intelligence Service, Sir Richard Dearlove, reported on his visit to Washington, D.C. in the summer of 2002: July 22 is the 203rd day (204th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 162 days remaining. ... Wikisource has original text related to this article: Downing Street memo The Downing Street memo (occasionally DSM), sometimes described by critics of the Iraq War as the smoking gun memo, contains an overview of a secret 23 July 2002 meeting among United Kingdom government, defence and intelligence figures, discussing the... The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), more commonly known as MI6 (originally Military Intelligence Section 6), or the Secret Service or simply Six, is the United Kingdom external security agency. ... Sir Richard Dearlove is a career intelligence officer and, until May 6, 2004, head of Britains Secret Intelligence Service (MI6). ... Washington, D.C. is the capital city of the United States of America. ...

Some critics charged that the "Downing Street memo" was a "smoking gun", claiming it proved that Bush already committed to attacking Iraq at a time when he publicly stated that he had not yet made up his mind on the issue. The existence of this debate, however, does not negate the opposing contextual events which preceded it; Bush denied this aspect of the Downing Street memo and re-asserted that he had not yet made up his mind to go to war at the time in question. [19] Several political pundits claimed that the phrase "fixed around the policy" was ambiguous and did not insinuate that administration was cherry picking the evidence, rather it simply meant the administration was "preparing" the intelligence for presentation. For other uses of War, see War (disambiguation). ... NSC can also stand for National Safety Council in several countries such as the US and Ireland. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Cherry picking, literally meaning harvesting cherries, is used metaphorically to accuse someone of pointing at individual cases which seem to confirm his or her position, while ignoring a significant portion of related cases that may contradict it. ...

From June until October, 2002, there were long, protracted negotiations with members of the Security Council. The U.S. finally received a unanimous vote for U.N. Resolution 1441. Then, there were further negotiations to secure a second resolution culminating in Colin Powell's presentation to the U.N. in February 2003. The information in the "Downing Street memo" does seem to fit the timeline for information gathering operations within the Bush Administration. Negotiation is the process whereby interested parties resolve disputes, agree upon courses of action, bargain for individual or collective advantage, and/or attempt to craft outcomes which serve their mutual interests. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 1441 is a resolution by the UN Security Council, passed unanimously on November 8, 2002, offering Iraq a final opportunity to comply with its disarmament obligations that had been set out in several previous resolutions (Resolution 660, Resolution 661, Resolution 678, Resolution 686, Resolution 687...

Military spending

Of the $2.4 trillion budgeted for 2005, about $401 billion [20] (roughly 16.7%) is planned to be spent on defense. Adjusted for inflation, this sum is the highest military budget since the late 1990s, but is roughly comparable to the average during the Cold War. [21] The numeral trillion refers to one of two number values, depending on the context of where and how it is being used. ... Budget generally refers to a list of all planned expenses and revenues. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The word billion and its equivalents in other languages refer to one of two different numbers. ... In military science, defense (or defence) is the art of preventing an enemy from conquering territory; usually via fortifications. ... // Events and trends The 1990s are generally classified as having moved slightly away from the more conservative 1980s, but otherwise retaining the same mindset. ... For the generic term for a high-tension rivalry between countries, see cold war (war). ...

Political ideology

Bush's political ideology is decidedly paleoconservativism, although often described as "compassionate conservatism", the latter being a term he has used to describe himself, not one necessarily borne out by his record. More established ("Beltway")conservatives have criticized Bush for his willingness to incur enormous budget deficits through tax breaks for wealthy Americans and huge companies. In his 2005 inaugural address he outlined his new foreign policy, set forth in National Security Strategy of the United States of America (pdf). Supporters of Bush see this policy as a necessary rejection of "balance of power" politics and a redefinition of America's role in the certain global fora. Critics of Bush see it as a withdrawal of America from internationalism and consensus. http://www. ... http://www. ... Mahmoud Abbas (Arabic: Ù…ØÙ…ÙˆØ¯ Ø¹Ø¨Ø§Ø³) (born March 26, 1935), commonly known as Abu Mazen (Ø§Ø¨Ùˆ Ù…Ø§Ø²Ù†), was elected President (Raees) of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) on January 9, 2005 and took office on January 15, 2005. ... Ariel Sharon, the eleventh Prime Minister of Israel, spent many years in the Israel Defense Forces before being elected in March 2001. ... Aqaba (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ù‚Ø¨Ø© al-Ê»Aqabah) is a coastal town with a population of 62,773 (1994) in the far south of Jordan (29. ... June 4 is the 155th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (156th in leap years), with 210 days remaining. ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Compassionate conservatism is a political philosophy that was invented by Marvin Olasky, whose book Compassionate Conservatism: What it is, What it Does, and How it Can Transform America was published in 2000, and Myron Magnet of the Manhattan Institute. ... A budget deficit occurs when an entity (often a government) spends more money than it takes in. ... An inauguration is a ceremony of formal investiture whereby an individual assumes an office or position of authority. ... A foreign policy is a set of political goals that seeks to outline how a particular country will interact with the other countries of the world. ... Balance of power is a central concept of realist theories of international relations. ...

Bush's foreign policy is heavily influenced by the neo-conservative think tank Project for the New American Century (PNAC), as evidenced by the presence of PNAC founders Dick Cheney and Donald Rumsfeld at the highest positions in his administration, and the fact that PNAC's Clinton-era position that "American policy cannot continue to be crippled by a misguided insistence on unanimity in the UN Security Council" (see [22]) and that the President should lead the overthrow of Saddam Hussein with or without the support of the United Nations, was subsequently implemented, over the objections of non-PNAC members of the National Security Council. This article is about the institution. ... The Project for the New American Century, or PNAC, is a Washington, DC, USA based think tank. ... Richard Bruce Cheney (born January 30, 1941), widely known as Dick Cheney, is an American politician and businessman affiliated with the U.S. Republican Party. ... Donald Henry Rumsfeld (born July 9, 1932) has been the Secretary of Defense of the United States since January 20, 2001, under President George W. Bush. ... A session of the Security Council in progress The United Nations Security Council is the most powerful organ of the United Nations. ... The United Nations, or UN, is an international organization established in 1945. ... NSC can also stand for National Safety Council in several countries such as the US and Ireland. ...

Management style

Bush is famous for placing a high value on loyalty, and the result has been an administration with peerless message discipline. However, critics contend that Bush is willing to overlook mistakes[23][24] made by subordinates, as long as they are loyal, and that Bush has surrounded himself with yes men. [25] This page is about the philosophical and semantic background of loyalty. ... Message discipline is the concept that politicians and other public policy advocates should talk about what is relevant to achieve their aims, and not allow themselves to be sidetracked either by their own random thoughts or the random questions of media or citizens. ... A hierarchy (in Greek hieros = sacred, arkho = rule) is a system of ranking and organizing things. ... The Yes Men, Andy Bichlbaum and Mike Bonanno, are pranksters who style themselves as anti-corporate activists. ...

President Bush maintains a "hands-off" style of management which he believes prevents him from being tangled by intracacies that hinder sound decision making. "I'm confident in my management style. I'm a delegator because I trust the people I've asked to join the team. I'm willing to delegate. That makes it easier to be president.", he said in an interview with Diane Sawyer in December of 2003.

Bush also has done much of his presidential duties from his ranch in Crawford, Texas. As of August 4, 2005 he recorded his 51st visit, accruing 325 days away from the White House, nearly reaching Reagan's eight-year record of 335 days in 5.5 years[26]. Critics contend that he takes more vacation than any president in history, but officials respond that his longest visit to Crawford, in August 2005, included only one week of actual vacation in the five-week visit. Bush on his ranch Prairie Chapel Ranch is a 1583 acre (6. ...

Domestic policy

Faith-based initiatives

In early 2001, Bush worked with Republicans and social conservatives in Congress to pass legislation changing the way the federal government regulated, taxed and funded charities and non-profit initiatives run by religious organizations. Although prior to the legislation it was possible for these organizations to receive federal assistance, the new legislation removed reporting requirements that required the organizations to separate their charitable functions from their religious functions. Bush also created the [27] White House Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives. Legislation refers 1. ... :This article describes the government of the United States. ... Charity is a term in Christian theology (one of the three virtues), meaning loving kindness towards others; it is held to be the ultimate perfection of the human spirit, because it is said to both glorify and reflect the nature of God. ... Fishers of men; Oil on panel by Adriaen van de Venne (1614) Religion (see etymology below) â€”sometimes used interchangeably with faith or belief systemâ€”is commonly defined as belief concerning the supernatural, sacred, or divine, and the moral codes, practices, values, institutions and rituals associated with such belief. ... Alternative meaning: Organisation (band). ...

Several organizations such as the American Civil Liberties Union have criticized Bush's faith-based initiative program, arguing that it involves government entanglement with religion and favoritism to religion in violation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. The American Civil Liberties Union, or ACLU, is a non-governmental organization which claims to be devoted to defending civil rights and civil liberties in the United States and elsewhere. ... The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution states that: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof Frequently, the Establishment Clause is used to refer to the entire clause referring to religion, but the term is more...

Diversity and civil rights

Bush is opposed to the legal recognition of same-sex marriages, but supports the establishment of civil unions ("I don't think we should deny people rights to a civil union, a legal arrangement" - ABC News October 26, 2004), and has endorsed the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution that would define marriage as being the union of one man and one woman. Bush reiterated his disagreement with the Republican Party platform that opposed civil unions, and said that the issue of civil unions should be left up to individual states. In his February 2, 2005 State of the Union address he repeated his support for the constitutional amendment. This article is about law in society. ... Same-sex marriage is marriage between individuals who are of the same legal or biological sex. ... A civil union is one of several terms for a civil status similar to marriage, typically created for the purposes of allowing same-sex couples access to the benefits enjoyed by married opposite-sex couples (see also same-sex marriage); it can also be used by opposite-sex couples who... For the direction right, see left and right or starboard. ... ABC News Logo ABC News is a division of the American Broadcasting Company television and radio network (ABC). ... October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 66 days remaining. ... 2004(MMIV) is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The silly silly page (FMA) is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution which would define marriage in the United States as a union of one man and one woman. ... For a list of methods of amendment, see List of methods of constitutional amendment. ... Page I of the Constitution of the United States of America Page II of the United States Constitution Page III of the United States Constitution Page IV of the United States Constitution The Syng inkstand, with which the Constitution was signed The Constitution of the United States is the supreme... Marriage is a legal, social, and religious relationship between individuals which has formed the foundation of the family for most societies. ... Image of a man on the Pioneer plaque sent to interstellar space A man is a male human adult, in contrast to an adult female, which is a woman. ... Image of a woman on the Pioneer plaque sent to outer space. ... The Republican Party, often called the GOP (for Grand Old Party, although one early citation described it as the Gallant Old Party [1]), is one of the two major political parties in the United States (the other being the Democratic Party). ... A political platform is a list of the principles which a political party supports in order to appeal to the general public for the purpose of having said partys candidates voted into office. ... A U.S. state is any one of the fifty states (four of which officially favor the term commonwealth) which, together with the District of Columbia and Palmyra Atoll (an uninhabited incorporated unorganized territory), form the United States of America. ... February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Bush is the first Republican president to appoint an openly gay man to serve in his administration [28], and the first President in American history to see one such appointment, that of openly gay Former Ambassador to Romania, Michael E. Guest, receive Congressional confirmation. He has claimed to support the executive order issued by Bill Clinton banning employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, but Scott Bloch, whom Bush chose as Special Counsel in 2003, does not feel he has the legal authority to enforce the ban [29]. During his 2000 campaign trail he met with the Log Cabin Republicans, a first for a Republican Presidential candidate. The organization endorsed him in 2000 but not in 2004. Michael E. Guest was the U.S. Ambassador to Romania, appointed by President George W. Bush. ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Log Cabin Republican poster, with the typical use of Abraham Lincoln The Log Cabin Republicans is a political organization in the United States, consisting of gay, lesbian and bisexual supporters of the Republican Party. ...

Bush has gained a slight increase in support from African-Americans during his presidency. Although he only got 9% of the black vote in 2000, he received 12% in 2004. Some claim Bush has opposed most forms of affirmative action. Although Bush expressed appreciation for the Supreme Court's ruling upholding the selection of college applicants for purposes of diversity, his Administration filed briefs against it. Bush has said he opposes quotas and racial preferences, but that the private and public sector should be encouraged to reach out to minorities. Bush has met with the National Urban League as President, but has not yet met with the NAACP as a group since he became president, (though he did address the NAACP at its 2000 convention in Baltimore as a presidential candidate, and he met with outgoing NAACP President Kweisi Mfume on December 21, 2004). African Americans, also known as Afro-Americans or black Americans, are an ethnic group in the United States of America whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Sub-Saharan and West Africa. ... Affirmative action (U.S. English), or positive discrimination (British English), is a policy or a program providing access to systems for people of a minority group who have traditionally been discriminated against, with the aim of creating a more egalitarian society. ... The supreme court in some countries, provinces, and states, is the highest court in that jurisdiction and functions as a court of last resort whose rulings cannot be appealed. ... A college (Latin collegium) can be the name of any group of colleagues; originally it meant a group of people living together under a common set of rules (con-, together + leg-, law). As a consequence members of colleges were originally styled fellows and still are in some places. ... Diversity is the presence of a wide range of variation in the qualities or attributes under discussion. ... National Urban League Logo The National Urban League is a non-profit, nonpartisan, civil rights and community-based movement that advocates on behalf of Black Americans and against racial discrimination. ... The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, or NAACP, is one of the oldest and most influential civil rights organizations in the United States. ... The contents of this page have been moved to http://en. ... Kweisi Mfume (October 17, 1948) is the former CEO of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), as well as a former United States Congressman. ... December 21 is the 355th day of the year (356th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

In his first term, Bush appointed Colin Powell as Secretary of State, who became the first African-American man to serve in that position. He was succeeded by Condoleezza Rice in 2005, who became the first African-American woman to hold the post. In 2005, he appointed Alberto Gonzalez as the United States Attorney General, the first hispanic to hold that position. In summary, Bush has appointed more women and minorities to high level positions within his administration than any other American President. The Seal of the United States Secretary of State The United States Secretary of State is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with foreign affairs. ... African Americans, also known as Afro-Americans, Black Americans, or simply blacks are an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to West and Central Africa. ... Condoleezza Rice, (born November 14, 1954), is the second United States Secretary of State in the administration of President George W. Bush. ... Alberto R. Gonzales (born August 4, 1955 in San Antonio, Texas, USA) is the current United States. ... Alberto Gonzales, current Attorney General of the United States The United States Attorney General is the head of the United States Department of Justice concerned with legal affairs and is the chief law enforcement officer of the United States government. ... Hispanic, as used in the United States, is one of several terms used to categorize U.S. immigrants for whose background hail either from Spain, the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America or the original settlers of the traditionally Spanish-held Southwestern United States. ...

Economy

During his first term Bush sought and obtained Congressional approval for three major tax cuts, which increased the standard income tax deduction for married couples, eliminated the estate tax, and reduced marginal tax rates, and are scheduled to expire a decade after passage. Bush has asked Congress to make the tax cuts permanent. According to the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, by 2003 these tax cuts had reduced total federal revenue, as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), to the lowest level since 1959. [30] A congress is a gathering of people, especially a gathering for a political purpose. ... A tax cut is a reduction in the rate of tax charged by a government, for example on personal or corporate income. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Individual taxpayers in the United States are faced with a choice when preparing their tax returns. ... Marriage is a relationship that plays a key role in the definition of many families. ... Inheritance tax, also known in some countries outside the United States as a death duty and referred to as an estate tax within the U.S, is a form of tax levied upon the bequest that a person may make in their will to a living person or organisation. ... In the tax system and in economics, the marginal tax rate refers to the increase in ones tax obligation as ones taxable income rises: marginal tax rate = Δ(tax obligation)/Δ(taxable income) This can be measured either by looking at the published tax tables (to get the... In economics, gross domestic product (GDP) is a measure of the value of economic production of a particular territory in financial capital terms during a specified period. ... 1959 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The effect of various factors in the economy including the NASDAQ crash in March 2000, the dot.com bust, the corporate (Enron, et al) scandals, recession, the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the tax cuts and simultaneous increases in homeland defense and military spending was to create record budget deficits. The annual deficit reached record current-dollar levels of $374 billion in 2003 and $413 billion in 2004, though as a percentage of GDP these deficits are lower than the post-World War II record set under the Reagan administration in the 1980s. [31], [32] NASDAQ MarketSite (Times Square, New York City) at night NASDAQ (originally an acronym for National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) is a U.S. electronic stock exchange. ... Enron Corporation Enron Corporation is an energy trading and communications company based in Houston, Texas that employed around 21,000 people in mid-2001 (before bankruptcy). ... A budget deficit occurs when an entity (often a government) spends more money than it takes in. ... World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrinations, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons like the atom bomb World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a mid-20th-century conflict that engulfed much of the globe... Ronald Wilson Reagan, GCB, (February 6, 1911 â€“ June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981â€“1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967â€“1975). ... // Events and trends The 1980s marked an abrupt shift towards more conservative lifestyles after the momentous cultural revolutions which took place in the 1960s and 1970s and the definition of the AIDS virus in 1981. ...

In an open letter to Bush in 2004, more than 100 professors of business and economics at U.S. business schools ascribed this "fiscal reversal" to Bush's "policy of slashing taxes - primarily for those at the upper reaches of the income distribution". [33] Bush's supporters have countered that, primarily because of the doubling of the value of the child tax credit, "7.8 million low and middle-income families had their entire income tax liabilities erased by the cuts." [34] A professor is a senior teacher, lecturer and researcher, usually in a college or university. ... Categories: Business | Academic disciplines | School subjects ... U.S. Economic Calendar Economics at the Open Directory Project Economics textbooks on Wikibooks The Economists Economics A-Z Institutions and organizations Bureau of Labor Statistics - from the American Labor Department Center for Economic and Policy Research (USA) National Bureau of Economic Research (USA) - Economics material from the organization... A child tax credit is a tax credit based on the number of dependent children in a family. ...

According to the "baseline" forecast of federal revenue and spending by the Congressional Budget Office (in its January 2005 Baseline Budget Projections, [35]), the trend of growing deficits under Bush's first term will become shrinking deficits in his second term. In this projection the deficit will fall to $368 billion in 2005, $261 billion in 2007, and $207 billion in 2009, with a small surplus by 2012. The CBO noted, however, that this projection "omits a significant amount of spending that will occur this year--and possibly for some time to come--for U.S. military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan and for other activities related to the global War on Terrorism." The projection also assumes that the Bush tax cuts "will expire as scheduled on December 31, 2010." If, as Bush has urged, the tax cuts were to be extended, then "the budget outlook for 2015 would change from a surplus of $141 billion to a deficit of $282 billion." The Congressional Budget Office is a federal agency within the legislative branch of the United States government. ... 2007 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2009 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2012 is a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The armed forces of the United States of America consist of the United States Army United States Navy United States Air Force United States Marine Corps United States Coast Guard Note: The United States Coast Guard has both military and law enforcement functions. ... The War on Terrorism or War on Terror (in US foreign policy circles, the global war on terrorism or GWOT ) is the term used by the United States government, its principal allies, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom, and other minor allies, in its ongoing campaign against terrorist groups and... 2015 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Inflation under Bush has remained near historic lows. The recession and a drop in some prices led to concern about deflation from mid-2001 to late-2003. More recently, high oil prices have caused concern about increasing inflation. So far, the economy has withstood these threats. United States According to the National Bureau of Economic Research, the Early 2000s recession lasted from March 2001 to November 2001, as real Gross Domestic Product (Regular GDP adjusted for inflation) dropped during this period by 0. ... In economics, deflation is a decrease in the general price level, or a rise in the purchasing power of money with respect to a large class of goods or services. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Gas prices in Portland, Oregon during the 2004 price increase, up from regular under $2 prices The price of light, sweet crude oil on NYMEX has been above $40/barrel since late July 2004. ...

Employment has increased moderately under President Bush according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics after decreasing following the dot.com bust and the 9/11 terrorist attack. Employment (seasonally adjusted) based on the household survey (includes seld-employed) was 137,771,000 in January 2001, it dropped to 136,128,000 in April 2002, and has increased to 142,449,000 in August 2005.[36] Seasonally adjusted employment based on Establishment Data (non-farm corporate payroll data) was 132,454,000 in January 2001, it dropped to 129,827,000 in May 2003, and increased to 133,999,000 in August 2005.[37] Image File history File links Civilian Unemployment Rate, Jan 2000 to Jul 2005, graph generated by bls. ... Image File history File links Civilian Unemployment Rate, Jan 2000 to Jul 2005, graph generated by bls. ... The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is the unit of the United States Department of Labor which is the principal fact-finding agency for the U.S. government in the field of labor economics and statistics. ... January is the first month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... January is the first month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... Note: as an adjective (stressed on the second syllable instead of the first), august means honorable. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The economy has added jobs for 28 consecutive months, but the employment level remained below the pre-Bush level until January 2005 when it reached 132,573,000 based on Establishment Data. Based on Household Survey Data employment levels exceeded pre-Bush levels in June 2003 when it reached 137,775,000. January is the first month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The seasonally adjusted Unemployment Rate under Bush started at 4.2% in January 2001, peaked at 6.3% in June 2003, retreated to 4.9% in August 2005 [38], and appear to be generally declining. Using unadjusted numbers, the Unemployment Rate under Bush started at 4.7% in January 2001, peaked at 6.5% in June 2003, retreated to 4.9% in August 2005. January is the first month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Note: as an adjective (stressed on the second syllable instead of the first), august means honorable. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... January is the first month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Note: as an adjective (stressed on the second syllable instead of the first), august means honorable. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The rise in GDP since the recession was undergirded by substantial gains in labor productivity, in part due to layoffs of underutilized workers. Long-term problems include inadequate investment in economic infrastructure, rapidly rising medical and pension costs of an aging population, sizable trade and budget deficits, and stagnation of family income in the lower economic groups. Budget generally refers to a list of all planned expenses and revenues. ...

While the GDP recovered from the recession early in Bush's term, poverty has since worsened under Bush according to the Census Bureau. The juxtaposition of increasing GDP and increasing poverty might be explained as a concentration of wealth in fewer hands. The percent of the population below the poverty level increased in each of Bush's first four years, while it decreased for each of the prior seven years to a 26-year low. At 12.7% in 2004, it is still lower than at any time during the Reagan and Bush I administrations. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (911x623, 49 KB) Summary Graph of the U.S. Poverty Rate from 1973 to present. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (911x623, 49 KB) Summary Graph of the U.S. Poverty Rate from 1973 to present. ... There is significant disagreement about poverty in the United States; particularly over how poverty ought to be defined. ... The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... 2004(MMIV) is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ronald Wilson Reagan, GCB, (February 6, 1911 â€“ June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981â€“1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967â€“1975). ... George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) was the 41st President of the United States (1989â€“1993). ...

Social security

Bush called for major changes in Social Security, identifying the issue as a priority early in his second term. From January through April of 2005, he toured the country, stopping in over 50 cities across the union with an argument that there is a "crisis", a view disputed by critics as being manufactured. Initially, Bush emphasized his proposal for partial privatization, which would allow individual workers to invest a portion of their Social Security taxes in personal retirement accounts. The main idea behind this privatization of social security is to allow workers to actually own the money they place into retirement, as with the existing social security system, a person who passes on loses all benefits they paid for, and the benefits are non-transferable, even to family members. This article concerns proposals to change the Social Security system in the United States. ... Download high resolution version (1703x755, 889 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1703x755, 889 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Location in Nebraska Founded -Incorporated 1854 1857 County Douglas County Mayor Michael Fahey Area - Total - Water 1290. ... Social Security in the United States is a social insurance program funded through a dedicated payroll tax. ... Social Security in the United States is a social insurance program funded through a dedicated payroll tax. ... Privatization (sometimes privatisation, denationalization, or, especially in India, disinvestment) is the process of transferring property, from public ownership to private ownership and/or transferring the management of a service or activity from the government to the private sector. ... In classical economics and all micro-economics labour is one of three factors of production, the others being land and capital. ... A tax is a compulsory charge or other levy imposed on an individual or a legal entity by a state or a functional equivalent of a state (e. ... Retirement is the status of a worker who has stopped working. ... Social welfare can mean: the welfare or well-being of a society. ...

One criticism of this approach was that it would actually worsen the imbalance between revenues and expenses that Bush pointed to as a looming problem. In addition, many Democrats opposed changes that they felt were turning Social Security into a welfare program that would be politically vulnerable. Some even claim that the point of Bush's plan is to benefit private companies, and that it would turn Social Security into just another insurance program. For the tax agency in the UK of the same name , see HM Revenue and Customs. ... In accounting, an expense is a general term for an outgoing payment made by a business or individual. ... Welfare has four main meanings. ...

Health

Bush signed the Medicare Act of 2003, which added prescription drug coverage to Medicare, subsidized pharmaceutical corporations, and prohibited the Federal government from negotiating discounts with drug companies. President Bush said the law, estimated to cost $400 billion over the first 10 years, would give the elderly "better choices and more control over their health care." Seniors can buy a Medicare-approved discount card for $30 or less to help offset the increasing costs of prescription drugs. The legislation also adds prescription drug coverage to the federal health insurance program for the elderly, starting in 2006. The bill encourages insurance companies to offer private plans to millions of older Americans who now receive health care benefits under terms fixed by the government, an idea against which several Democrats have lashed out. Image File history File links A group of senators and congresspersons watch Bush signing the Partial-Birth Abortion ban. ... Image File history File links A group of senators and congresspersons watch Bush signing the Partial-Birth Abortion ban. ... George W. Bush signing the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003, surrounded by members of Congress. ... The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act is a law of the United States which was passed in 2003. ... Medicare is a program of health insurance for the elderly and disabled in the USA. It was first passed on July 30, 1965 as amendments to Social Security legislation. ...

Bush signed the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act in 2003, having declared his aim to "promote a culture of life." The law never was enforced, having been ruled unconstitutional by three District Courts. One of these rulings has been upheld by an Appeals Court. The federal law would have prohibited Intact dilation and extraction procedures "in which the person performing the abortion partially vaginally delivers a living fetus before killing the fetus and completing the delivery". Several liberal and conservative critics alike feel that the law is merely a political gesture, as a fetus could technically be aborted inside of the womb and removed thereafter. George W. Bush signing the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003, surrounded by members of Congress. ... The phrase culture of life is used principally in United States politics and Roman Catholic doctrine as shorthand for a concept that human life, at all stages from conception through to natural death, is sacred. ... Intact dilation and extraction (IDX or Intact D&X), is a specific type of medical procedure â€”wherin a late-term miscarried fetus, is removed from the womb via the uterus. ...

Education

In January of 2002, Bush signed the No Child Left Behind Act, with Senator Ted Kennedy as chief sponsor[39], which targets supporting early learning, measures student performance, gives options over failing schools, and ensures more resources for schools. Critics (including Senator Kerry and the National Education Association) say schools were not given the resources to help meet new standards, although the House Committee on Education and the Workforce said in June, 2003 that in three years under the Bush administration the Education Department's overall funding would have increased by $13.2 billion [40]. Some state governments are refusing to implement provisions of the act as long as they are not adequately funded.[41] In January of 2005, USA Today reported that the United States Department of Education had paid $240,000 to conservative political commentator Armstrong Williams "to promote the law on his nationally syndicated television show and to urge other black journalists to do the same." [42] Williams did not disclose the payments. 2002(MMII) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Signing ceremony at Hamilton High School in Hamilton, Ohio. ... A senate is a deliberative body, often the upper house or chamber of a legislature. ... Edward Moore Kennedy (born February 22, 1932) is the senior U.S. Senator from Massachusetts, having served since 1963. ... Students attending a lecture at the Helsinki University of Technology Etymologically derived through Middle English from the Latin second-type conjugation verb stÅdÄ“rÄ•, which means to direct ones zeal at; hence a student is one who directs zeal at a subject. ... A school is most commonly a place designated for learning. ... John Forbes Kerry (born December 11, 1943) is the junior United States Senator from Massachusetts. ... The National Education Association (NEA) is the largest labor union in the United States, representing most of the countrys teachers along with other school personnel. ... The Committee on Education and the Workforce is a committee of the United States House of Representatives. ... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In countries with federal systems of government, and subnational entities offically called (or widely-known as) states, a state government is the governing body of a state. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The USA Today logo USA Today is a national American newspaper published by the Gannett Corporation. ... The United States Department of Education was created in 1979 (by PL 96-88) as a Cabinet-level department of the United States government, and began operating in 1980. ... Conservatism or political conservatism is any of several historically related political philosophies or political ideologies. ... A commentator is an individual who discusses social, political or cultural issues or events, typically in a public context; synonyms include pundit. ... Armstrong Williams (born February 5, 1959) is an African American political commentator. ... In the television industry (as in radio), syndication is the sale of the right to broadcast programs to multiple stations, without going through a broadcast network. ... The term Blacks is often used in the West to denote race for persons whose progenitors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Sub-Saharan Africa. ... A journalist is a person who practices journalism, the gathering and dissemination of information about current events, trends, issues and people. ...

The House Education and Workforce Committee stated, "As a result of the No Child Left Behind Act, signed by President Bush on January 8, 2002, the federal government today is spending more money on elementary and secondary (K-12) education than at any other time in the history of the United States."[43] High school, or Secondary school, is the last segment of compulsory education in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan (Republic of China) (only junior high school), the United Kingdom and the United States. ...

Science

On December 19, 2002, President George W. Bush signed into law H. R. 4664, far-reaching legislation to put the National Science Foundation (NSF) on a track to double its budget over five years and to create new mathematics and science education initiatives at both the pre-college and undergraduate level.[44] The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent United States government agency responsible for supporting basic science research mainly by providing research funding. ... Wikibooks Wikiversity has more about this subject: School of Mathematics Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Mathematics Look up Mathematics on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Wikimedia Commons has more media related to: Mathematics Bogomolny, Alexander: Interactive Mathematics Miscellany and Puzzles. ... // What is science? There are different theories of what science is. ... In some educational systems, an undergraduate is a post-secondary student pursuing a Bachelors degree. ...

Bush opposes, and has limited the funding of, embryonic stem cell research. Federal funding for embryonic stem cell research was first approved under Clinton on 19 January 1999 [45], but no money was to be spent until guidelines were published. The guidelines were released under Clinton on 23 August 2000. [46] They allowed use of unused frozen embryos. On August 9, 2001, before any funding was granted under these guidelines, Bush announced modifications to the guidelines to allow use of only existing stem cell lines. [47] While Bush claimed that more than 60 embryonic stem cell lines already existed from privately-funded research, scientists in 2003 said there were only 11 usable lines, and in 2005 that all lines approved for Federal funding are contaminated and unusable. [48] Adult stem cell funding has not been restricted. Some scientists have repeatedly criticized the Bush administration for reducing funding for scientific research and setting restrictions on federal funding of embryonic stem cell research. In February 2004, over 5,000 scientists (including 48 Nobel Prize winners) from the Union of Concerned Scientists signed a statement "opposing the Bush administration's use of scientific advice". They stated that "the Bush administration has ignored unbiased scientific advice in the policy-making that is so important for our collective welfare." [49] [50] Mouse embryonic stem cells. ... January 19 is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1999 is a common year starting on Friday Anno Domini (or the Current Era), and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... August 23 is the 235th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (236th in leap years), with 130 days remaining. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... Embryos (and one tadpole) of the wrinkled frog (Rana rugosa). ... August 9 is the 221st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (222nd in leap years), with 144 days remaining. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... Research is an active, diligent, and systematic process of inquiry in order to discover, interpret or revise facts, events, behaviours, or theories, or to make practical applications with theis also used to describe a collection of information about a particular subject. ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004(MMIV) is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sir Edward Appletons medal Photographs of Nobel Prize Medals. ... The Union of Concerned Scientists as defined on the UCS website: The Union of Concerned Scientists is a nonprofit partnership of scientists and citizens combining rigorous scientific analysis, innovative policy development, and effective citizen advocacy to achieve practical environmental solutions. ...

On January 14, 2004, Bush announced the largest financial increase to NASA, Vision for Space Exploration, calling for a return to the Moon by 2020, the completion of the International Space Station by 2010 and eventually sending astronauts to Mars. [51]. Although the plan was met with a largely tepid reception (see[52]), the budget eventually passed with a few minor changes after the November elections. In January 2005 the White House released a new Space Transportation Policy fact sheet which outlined the administration's space policy in broad terms and tied the development of space transport capabilities to national security requirements. January 14 is the 14th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004(MMIV) is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... NASA Logo Listen to this article Â· (info) This audio file was created from the revision dated 2005-09-01, and does not reflect subsequent edits to the article. ... Image from NASA site The Vision for Space Exploration is the United States space policy announced on January 14, 2004 by President George W. Bush. ... Crust composition Oxygen 43% Silicon 21% Aluminium 10% Calcium 9% Iron 9% Magnesium 5% Titanium 2% Nickel 0. ... 2020 is a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... ISS Statistics Crew: 2 As of August 21, 2005 Perigee: 352. ... 2010 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mars, with polar ice caps visible. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In August 2005, Bush took a controversial stance on the teaching intelligent design alongside evolution in science classes, which critics contend amounts to the insertion of religion into science classes (see Evolution and creationism debate). Intelligent design is also claimed by some to be unsuitable for science class because it has not found acceptance in the mainstream scientific community, and is simply a less controversial way to insert religious dogma into public school classrooms. Intelligent Design (or ID) is the controversial assertion that certain features of the universe and of living things exhibit the characteristics of a product resulting from an intelligent cause or agent, not an undirected process such as natural selection. ... Evolution has been controversial since it was first proposed in the nineteenth century. ... Intelligent Design (or ID) is the controversial assertion that certain features of the universe and of living things exhibit the characteristics of a product resulting from an intelligent cause or agent, not an undirected process such as natural selection. ...

On February 18, 2004, the scientific watchdog group the Union of Concerned Scientists released a report entitled "Scientific Integrity in Policymaking,"[53] alleging that the Bush administration "has suppressed or distorted the scientific analyses of federal agencies to bring these results in line with administration policy" to an extent that is "unprecedented." The report was signed by over 7,000 scientists, including 49 Nobel laureates, 63 recipients of the National Medal of Science, and 154 members of the National Academy of Sciences. A watchdog originally referred to a dogs job, but now has been used in additional contexts with the same implication of watching or safeguarding: For the dogs job, see guard dog. ... The Union of Concerned Scientists as defined on the UCS website: The Union of Concerned Scientists is a nonprofit partnership of scientists and citizens combining rigorous scientific analysis, innovative policy development, and effective citizen advocacy to achieve practical environmental solutions. ... Scientific Integrity in Policymaking: An Investigation into the Bush Administrations Misuse of Science is the title of a report published by the Union of Concerned Scientists in February, 2004. ... Winners of the Nobel prize are scientists, writers and peacemakers who have been awarded in their field of endeavour, and who are known collectively as either Nobel laureates or Nobel Prize winners. ... National Medal of Science The National Medal of Science, also called the Presidential Medal of Science, is an honor given by the President of the United States to individuals in science and engineering who have made important contributions to the advancement of knowledge in the fields of behavioral and social... President Harding and the National Academy of Sciences at the White House, Washington, DC, April 1921 The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a corporation in the United States whose members serve pro bono as advisers to the nation on science, engineering, and medicine. ...

Environment

Bush signed the Great Lakes Legacy Act of 2002, authorizing the federal government to begin cleaning up pollution and contaminated sediment in the Great Lakes, as well as the Brownfields Legislation in 2002, accelerating the cleanup of abandoned industrial or brownfield sites. Pollution is the release of harmful environmental contaminants, or the substances so released. ... The Great Lakes from space The Great Lakes are a group of five large lakes on or near the United States-Canadian border. ... In town planning, brownfield land is an area of land previously used or built upon, as opposed to industry or mining and therefore may be contaminated by hazardous waste or pollution. ...

Bush's environmental record has been attacked by most environmentalists, who charge that his policies cater to industry demands to weaken environmental protections. Environmental groups note that many Bush Administration officials, in addition to Bush and Cheney, have ties to the energy industry, automotive industry, and other groups that have fought against environmental protections. In December 2003, Bush signed legislation implementing key provisions of his Healthy Forests Initiative; environmental groups have charged that the plan is simply a giveaway to timber companies. Another subject of controversy is Bush's Clear Skies Initiative, which seeks to reduce air pollution through expansion of cap-and-trade programs. Opponents say that instead of reducing air pollution, the initiative will allow utilities to pollute more than they do currently. Environmentalist is a term used to describe an advocate of environmentalism. ... Automakers are companies that produce automobiles. ... Environmental movement is a term often used for any social or political movement directed towards the preservation, restoration, or enhancement of the natural environment. ... The Healthy Forests Initiative (or HFI), officially the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003, is a law originally proposed by President George W. Bush in response to the widespread forest fires during the summer of 2002. ... Timber Timber is a term used to describe wood throughout its processing from the time it is planned for use in industrial products to the time it is used as a structural material or in other industrial product, such as wood pulp for paper production. ... The Clear Skies Initiative calls for a reduction on the limits to pollutants. ... This power plant in New Mexico releases sulfur dioxide and particulate matter into the air. ... A public utility is a company that maintains the infrastructure for a public service. ...

Partially due to gas price hikes, Bush proposed tapping the oil reserves in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a particularly sensitive ecosystem due to its arctic location. Some claim that it is the last untouched wilderness left in the US, and that the majority of oil dug from the refuge will be sent to foreign countries, such as Japan, where larger profits can be made by domestic oil companies. Oil is a generic term for organic liquids that are not miscible with water. ... Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Map The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge covers about 19,049,236 acres (79,318 kmÂ²) in northeastern Alaska, in the North Slope region. ... Bob Marshall Wilderness, Montana, United States Wilderness is land that has not been significantly modified by direct or indirect human activity. ...

Bush has opposed the Kyoto Protocol saying it would harm the U.S. economy. Bush said it is unfairly strict on the U.S. while being unduly lenient with developing countries, especially China and India. Bush stated, "The world's second-largest emitter of greenhouse gases is China. Yet, China was entirely exempted from the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol." He has also questioned the science behind the global warming phenomenon, insisting that more research be done to determine its validity.[54] (See America's Kyoto protocol position.) Kyoto Protocol Opened for signature December 11, 1997 at Kyoto, Japan Entered into force February 16, 2005. ... Greenhouse gases are gaseous components of the atmosphere that contribute to the greenhouse effect. ... Global mean surface temperatures 1856 to 2004 Mean temperature anomalies during the period 1995 to 2004 with respect to the average temperatures from 1940 to 1980 Global warming describes an increase in the average temperature of the Earths atmosphere and oceans. ... Kyoto Protocol Opened for signature December 11, 1997 at Kyoto, Japan Entered into force February 16, 2005. ...

Immigration

Bush proposed an immigration bill that would have greatly expanded the use of guest worker visas. His proposal would match employers with foreign workers for a period up to six years; however workers would not be eligible for permanent residency ("green cards") or citizenship, and thus is opposed by certain Democrat Senators such as Barbara Boxer and Edward M. Kennedy, who have certain pro-immigration constituencies to appease, in particular the Irish and Hispanic lobbies, because the Irish have traditionally received extremely preferential treatment in visa allocations, and Irish government officials are actually (and outrageously) attempting to influence immigration legislation; and Hispanics simply by the burgeoning number of many millions of "undocumented aliens", and the ease of crossing the border by mostly desperate economic migrants from Central America, predominantly from Mexico. The Irish have somewhat less clout than in their salad days, but the Hispanic or Latino community is just beginning to stretch its political muscle. A foreign worker (cf expatriate), is a person who works in a country other than the one of which he or she is a citizen. ... A visa (short for the Latin carta visa, lit. ... Employment is a contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. ... A foreign worker (cf expatriate), is a person who works in a country other than the one of which he or she is a citizen. ... Barbara Levy Boxer (born November 11, 1940 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American politician and the current junior United States Senator from California. ... Edward Kennedy Edward Moore Ted Kennedy, (born February 22, 1932, in Brookline, Massachusetts) is a Democratic U.S. senator from Massachusetts. ...

Trade

Bush's imposition of a tariff on imported steel and on Canadian softwood lumber was controversial in light of his advocacy of free market policies in other areas, and attracted criticism both from his fellow conservatives and from nations affected. The steel tariff was later rescinded under pressure from the World Trade Organization. The steel tariff is a political issue in the United States regarding a tariff that President George W. Bush placed on imported steel on March 5, 2002 (took effect March 20). ... Lumber is the name used, generally in North America, for wood that has been cut into boards or other shapes for the purpose of woodworking or construction. ... A free market is an idealized market, where all economic decisions and actions by individuals regarding transfer of money, goods, and services are voluntary, and are therefore devoid of coercion and theft (some definitions of coercion are inclusive of theft). Colloquially and loosely, a free market economy is an economy... A policy is a plan of action for tackling political issues. ... Conservatism or political conservatism is any of several historically related political philosophies or political ideologies. ... WTO Logo The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international organization which oversees a large number of agreements defining the rules of trade between its member states (WTO, 2004a). ...

Major appointees

The Bush administration is a group of people that includes President George W. Bush, Vice President Dick Cheney, Bushs Cabinet, and other select officials and advisors. ...

Cabinet

class="preview" id="pv698"> The President of the United States (often abbreviated POTUS) is the head of state of the United States. ... The Vice President of the United States is the second-highest executive official of the United States government, the person who is, in the words of Adlai Stevenson, a heartbeat from the presidency. ... Richard Bruce Cheney (born January 30, 1941), widely known as Dick Cheney, is an American politician and businessman affiliated with the U.S. Republican Party. ... The Seal of the United States Secretary of State The United States Secretary of State is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with foreign affairs. ... Colin Luther Powell, (pronounced koh-lihn, born April 5, 1937) was the 65th United States Secretary of State, serving from January 20, 2001 to January 26, 2005 under President George W. Bush. ... Condoleezza Rice, (born November 14, 1954), is the second United States Secretary of State in the administration of President George W. Bush. ... The United States Secretary of Defense is the head of the United States Department of Defense, concerned with the armed services and The Secretary is appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate, and is a member of the Cabinet. ... Donald Henry Rumsfeld (born July 9, 1932) has been the Secretary of Defense of the United States since January 20, 2001, under President George W. Bush. ... John W. Snow, the current Secretary of the Treasury. ... Paul H. ONeill Paul Henry ONeill (born December 4, 1935) served as the 72nd United States Secretary of the Treasury under President George W. Bush. ... John W. Snow John William Snow (born August 2, 1939) is the 73rd and current United States Secretary of the Treasury who replaced departing Secretary Paul ONeill on February 3, 2003. ... The United States Attorney General is the head of the United States Department of Justice concerned with legal affairs and is the chief law enforcement officer of the United States government. ... John David Ashcroft (born May 9, 1942) was the 79th Attorney General of the United States. ... Alberto R. Gonzales (born August 4, 1955 in San Antonio, Texas, USA) is the current United States. ... The United States Secretary of the Interior is the head of the United States Department of the Interior, concerned with such matters as national parks and The Secretary is a member of the Presidents Cabinet. ... Secretary of the Interior Gale Norton Gale Ann Norton (born March 11, 1954) is the 48th United States Secretary of the Interior, serving under President George W. Bush. ... Ann Margaret Veneman (born June 29, 1949) was the 27th United StatesSecretary of Agriculture, and was a director of Calgene, the first company to market genetically-engineered food. ... Mike Johanns speaks after being nominated by George W. Bush for U.S. Secretary of Agriculture . He is a Roman Catholic. ... The office of the U.S. Secretary of Commerce in the mid-20th century. ... Donald Evans Donald Louis Evans with President of Peru Donald Louis Evans (born July 27, 1946) was the 34th U.S. Secretary of Commerce. ... Carlos M. Gutierrez (originally GutiÃ©rrez) (born November 4, 1953) is the 35th U.S. Secretary of Commerce, succeeding Donald Evans. ... Secretary of Labor Elaine Chao Elaine Lan Chao (Chinese: è¶™å°è˜, pinyin: ZhÃ o XiÇŽolÃ¡n, Wade-Giles Chao Hsiao-lan; b. ... The United States Secretary of Health and Human Services is the head of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, concerned with The Secretary is a member of the Presidents Cabinet. ... Tommy G. Thompson Tommy George Thompson (born November 19, 1941) is a politician and was the 19th United States Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS). ... Michael O. Leavitt Michael Okerlund Leavitt (born February 11, 1951) is an American, Mormon politician, who is currently the Secretary of Health and Human Services. ... The United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development is the head of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, concerned with The Secretary is a member of the Presidents Cabinet. ... Melquiades Rafael Mel Martinez (born October 23, 1946) is a Republican Cuban-born American politician and U.S. Senator from Florida. ... Alphonso Roy Jackson is the current and 13th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). ... Norman Yoshio Mineta Norman Yoshio Mineta (born November 12, 1931) is an American politician and member of the Democratic party. ... Spencer Abraham Edward Spencer Abraham (born June 12, 1952 in East Lansing, Michigan) is an American politician. ... Samuel Bodman Samuel Wright Bodman (born 1938) is the United States Secretary of Energy and was previously Deputy Secretary of the U.S. Treasury Department. ... Rod Paige Dr. Roderick Raynor Paige (born June 17, 1933), served as the 7th United States Secretary of Education from 2001 to 2005. ... Margaret Spellings Margaret Spellings (born Margaret Dudar, 1958) is the current Secretary of Education under the administration of U.S. President George W. Bush and was previously a Domestic Policy Adviser to Bush. ... The United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs is the head of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, the department concerned with veterans benefits and related matters. ... Anthony Joseph Principi (born April 16, 1944) was the 4th United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs. ... Robert James Jim Nicholson is the current United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs. ... The United States Secretary of Homeland Security is the head of the United States Department of Homeland Security, the body concerned with protecting the American homeland and the safety of American citizens. ... Tom Ridge Thomas Joseph Ridge (born August 26, 1946) is a former Governor of Pennsylvania (1995â€“2001), Assistant to the President for Homeland Security (2001â€“2003), and the first United States Secretary of Homeland Security (2003â€“2005). ... Michael Chertoff Michael Chertoff (November 28, 1953), is the current United States Secretary of Homeland Security. ...

Major legislation signed

2001: A Space Odyssey. ... June 7 is the 158th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (159th in leap years), with 207 days remaining. ... The Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 was a sweeping piece of tax legislation in the United States. ... September 18 is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years). ... September 28 is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years). ... October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 66 days remaining. ... President Bush signs USA PATRIOT Act, October 26, 2001 The USA PATRIOT Act (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001) (U.S. H.R. 3162, S. 1510, Public Law 107-56) is an act of federal legislation in the United... November 28 is the 332nd day (333rd on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Introduced on January 7, 2003, H.R. 1552, aka the Internet Tax Nondiscrimination Act, was passed by the House Judiciary Commercial and Administrative Law Subcommittee. ... 2002(MMII) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... January 8 is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Signing ceremony at Hamilton High School in Hamilton, Ohio. ... March 9 is the 68th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (69th in Leap years). ... The Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002 increased carryback of net operating losses to 5 years (through September 2003), extended the exception under Subpart F for active financing income (through 2006), and created 30 percent expensing for certain capital asset purchases (through September 2004). ... March 27 is the 86th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (87th in Leap years). ... The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (BCRA) is U.S. Congressional legislation which regulates the financing of political campaigns. ... May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ... July 30 is the 211th day (212th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 154 days remaining. ... The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (107 H.R. 3763), signed into law on 30 July 2002, is considered the most significant change to federal securities laws in the United States since the New Deal. ... October 16 is the 289th day of the year (290th in Leap years). ... The Joint Resolution to Authorize the Use of United States Armed Forces Against Iraq (H.J.Res. ... November 25 is the 329th (in leap years the 330th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Homeland Security Act was introduced in the aftermath of 9/11 and created the Department of Homeland Security. ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 11 March is the 70th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (71st in Leap year). ... The Do-Not-Call Implementation Act of 2003 (H.R. 395 of the 108th Congress) was sponsored by Representatives Tauzin and Dingell and signed into law by President Bush on March 11, 2003 as Public Law No. ... April 30 is the 120th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (121st in leap years), with 245 days remaining, as the last day in April. ... The PROTECT Act of 2003 authorized fines and/or imprisonment for up to 30 years for U.S. citizens or residents who engage in illicit sexual conduct abroad. ... In criminal law, the age of consent is the age at which a person is considered to be capable of legally giving informed consent to sexual acts with another person. ... May 27 is the 147th day (148th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 218 days remaining. ... May 28 is the 148th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (149th in leap years). ... The Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 was passed by the United States Congress on May 23, 2003 and signed by President Bush five days later. ... September 3 is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years). ... September 3 is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years). ... November 5 is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 56 days remaining. ... George W. Bush signing the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003, surrounded by members of Congress. ... December 8 is the 342nd day (343rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act is a law of the United States which was passed in 2003. ... December 16 is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The CAN-SPAM Act of 2003, signed into law by President Bush on December 16, 2003, establishes the first national standards for the sending of commercial e-mail and requires the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to enforce its provisions. ... 2004(MMIV) is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. ... Signing ceremony at the White House, April 1, 2004. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The U.S. Class Action Fairness Act of 2005, 28 U.S.C. Sections 1332(d), 1453, and 1711-1715, grants federal courts original jurisdiction over certain mass actions and class actions (forms of civil action) in which the amount in controversy exceeds $5 million, and any of the members... April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). ... The Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005 was passed by the 109th United States Congress on April 14, and signed into law by President George W. Bush on April 20. ... August 2 is the 214th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (215th in leap years), with 151 days remaining. ... President George W. Bush acknowledges the applause of legislators and administration officials Tuesday, August 2. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... The Energy Policy Act of 2005 (H.R. 6) is an act which was passed by the United States Congress in an attempt to combat growing energy problems. ... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

Public perception and assessments

Bush has been the subject of both popular praise and scathing criticism. His supporters believe he's done well with the economy, homeland security, and showed good leadership after the September 11 attacks. His detractors have disagreed on those very subjects and have also criticized the passage of the USA PATRIOT Act, the controversial 2000 election, and the 2003 invasion of Iraq. The magazine TIME named Bush as its Person of the Year for 2000 and for 2004. This award is traditionally given to the person considered by the editors to be the most important newsmaker of the year. Due to Bush's unique grammatical stylings, people coined a new term, bushism, to describe the grammatical configuration unique to the style of President George W. Bush. Bushisms are now wildly popularized across many websites on the internet due to their sense of humor. President Bush signs USA PATRIOT Act, October 26, 2001 The USA PATRIOT Act (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001) (U.S. H.R. 3162, S. 1510, Public Law 107-56) is an act of federal legislation in the United... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... This article covers invasion specifics. ... 8:17 am, August 6, 1945, Japanese time. ... Person of the Year is an annual issue of U.S. newsmagazine TIME that features a profile ostensibly on the man, woman, couple, group, idea, place, or machine that for better or worse, has most influenced events in the preceding year. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... 2004(MMIV) is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Wikiquote has a collection of quotations by or about: George W. Bush In American English, a Bushism is a word, phrase, or other grammatical configuration unique to the style of President George W. Bush while speaking publicly and usually extemporaneously. ...

Domestic

In the time of national crisis following the September 11, 2001 attacks, Bush enjoyed approval ratings of greater than 85%. Since then, Bush's approval ratings and approval of handling of domestic, economic, and foreign policy issues has steadily dropped. For a comprehensive look, one can see an image of polling trends over the course of Bush's presidency here. This image is a book cover. ... This image is a book cover. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1152x864, 33 KB) Bush approval ratings created using Microsoft Powerpoint and Macromedia Fireworks, using as source http://www. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1152x864, 33 KB) Bush approval ratings created using Microsoft Powerpoint and Macromedia Fireworks, using as source http://www. ... The September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks were a series of suicide attacks against civilians of the United States conducted on Tuesday, September 11, 2001. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks were a series of suicide attacks against civilians of the United States conducted on Tuesday, September 11, 2001. ...

During the 2002 midterm congressional elections, Bush had the highest approval rating of any president during a midterm election since Dwight Eisenhower. In an unusual deviation from the historical trend of midterm elections, the Republican Party retook control of the Senate and added to their majority in the House of Representatives; typically, the President's party loses Congressional seats in the midterm elections, and 2002 marked only the third midterm election since the Civil War that the party in control of the White House gained seats in both houses of Congress (others were 1902 and 1934). 2002(MMII) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Dwight David Ike Eisenhower (October 14, 1890–March 28, 1969), American soldier and politician, was the 34th President of the United States (1953–1961) and supreme commander of the Allied forces in Europe during World War II, with the rank of General of the Army. ... Seal of the Senate The United States Senate is one of the two houses of the Congress of the United States, the other being the House of Representatives. ... Seal of the House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the Congress of the United States, the other being the Senate. ... The American Civil War was fought in North America from 1861 until 1865 between the United States of America â€“ forces coming mostly from the 23 northern states of the Union â€“ and the newly-formed Confederate States of America, which consisted of 11 southern states that had declared their secession. ... 1902 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1934 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In 2003, Bush's approval spiked upward at the time of the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster in February. The upward trend continued through the invasion of Iraq in March. By late 2003, when presidential opponents typically begin their campaigns in earnest, his approval numbers were in the low to middle 50s. Most polls tied the decline to growing concern over the U.S.-led occupation of Iraq and a slow recovery from the 2001 recession. Polls of May 2004 showed anywhere from a 53 percent approval rating [56] to a 46 percent approval rating. [57] A three-day telephone poll starting on June 27, 2005, conducted by Zogby International found that 42% of Americans would support impeachment if Bush lied about the reasons for going to war with Iraq, which is greater support for impeachment than ever seen for Clinton. [58]. More recently, a poll taken by American Research Group on August 18-21, 2005 [59] shows that 36% approve of the way Bush is handling his job as president (6% below the number in July), while 58% disapprove. This figure is lower than that of any modern President in his second term, including President Nixon's approval rating of 39% during the Watergate scandal that eventually led to his resignation, though not lower than President Jimmy Carter's nadir of 17%. A concurrent Gallup Poll performed August 28-30, 2005 showed a 45% approval and 52% disapproval rating.[60] A Zogby Poll of September 6-7, in the wake of Hurricane Katrina, showed a 41% approval, an all-time low in Zogby's presidential polling record for President Bush. The poll also showed President Bush's favorability ratings going below 50% for the first time as 49% saw him as favourable and 50% viewed him unfavourably[61] 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Shuttle debris falling over Texas, on Time cover The Space Shuttle Columbia disaster was the disintegration of the Space Shuttle Columbia over Texas on February 1, 2003, during reentry into the Earths atmosphere on its 28th mission, STS-107. ... 2003(MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article deals with the post-invasion period in Iraq and its occupation. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... 2004(MMIV) is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 27 is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 187 days remaining. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... John Zogby (born 1948) is a noted American political pollster. ... President George W. Bush has seen calls for his impeachment. ... The Watergate building. ... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ...

Hurricane Katrina

In the wake of Hurricane Katrina in 2005, the floodwalls protecting New Orleans from Lake Pontchartrain broke, inundating the city. In the aftermath of the disaster, thousands of city residents, unable to evacuate prior to the hurricane, became stranded with little to no relief for several days resulting in conditions of mass squalor in some areas. Although blame was also attributed to state and local authorities, the public outcry was most prominently directed at the Bush administration, mainly FEMA and the Department of Homeland Security for their weak crisis management and coordination. The Bush Administration faced accusations of negligence and mismanagement from members of Congress and other public figures. Many critics noted that the potential for disaster involving a breach of the New Orleans levees was well-documented, the Bush Administration failed to address the concern. The criticism led to the resignation of FEMA director Michael Brown and a rare September 15, 2005, admission by Bush that mistakes had been made by his administration. The devastation wrought by Hurricane Katrina has already begun to have significant political effects manifested in criticism of the government response. ... This article is about the 2005 hurricane. ... 2005(MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... New Orleans is the largest city in the state of Louisiana, United States of America. ... Map showing Lake Pontchartrain Lake Pontchartrain (local pronunciation ) is a brackish-water lake in southeastern Louisiana. ... The effect of Hurricane Katrina on New Orleans was extremely severe, resulting from one of the most deadly natural disasters in U.S. history. ... New FEMA seal The Federal Emergency Management Agency or FEMA is an agency of the United States government dedicated to swift response in the event of disasters, both natural and man-made. ... The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is a Cabinet department of the federal government of the United States that is concerned with protecting the American homeland and the safety of American citizens. ... Michael Brown (born circa 1920 in Mexia, Texas) is a producer and writer of songs and books whose most-widely-known work might be several childrens books about Santa Mouse. ...

The Katrina response, along with climbing oil prices, mounting casualties in Iraq and a month-long vacation which some perceived as overly indulgent, helped drive Bush's public-approval ratings to a new low in September 2005. Ongoing events • 2005 Kuomintang visits to Mainland • Bill C-38 (Canada gay marriage) • German Visa Affair 2005 • Expo 2005 in Aichi, Japan • Fuel prices • Election of OAS Secretary General • Stanislav Gross scandal in Czech republic Upcoming events Deaths in May May 3: Jagjit Singh Aurora May 3: Don Canham May...

Outside the United States

A survey conducted by Ipsos for the Associated Press in 2004 found that "just over half in Mexico and Italy had a negative view of Mr. Bush's role. In Britain, the closest U.S. ally in the war in Iraq, and in Canada, traditionally America's closest ally, two-thirds had a negative view...Three-fourths of those in Spain and more than 80 percent in France and Germany had a negative view of Mr. Bush's role in world affairs." [62] While those in the United States were evenly divided on whether the war has increased or decreased the terror threat, by far the majority of those sampled outside the United States believe that Bush's foreign policy decisions in the Iraq war have "increased the threat of terrorism in the world." [63] Image File history File links President Bush and President Chirac of France talk over issues during the G-8 sessions, July 21, 2001. ... Image File history File links President Bush and President Chirac of France talk over issues during the G-8 sessions, July 21, 2001. ... The President of the French Republic (French: PrÃ©sident de la RÃ©publique franÃ§aise) colloquially referred to as President of France, is Frances elected Head of State and also the ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra. ... Jacques RenÃ© Chirac?, known as Jacques Chirac, (born November 29, 1932 in Paris, France) is a French politician. ... Protestors on the Streets The 27th G8 summit took place in Genoa, Italy, in July 2001. ... July 21 is the 202nd day (203rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 163 days remaining. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... Associated Press logo This article concerns the news service. ... For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation) The Iraq War (2003) was a conflict in the Middle Eastern country of Iraq between the Iraqi military and a coalition of multinational forces. ...

Muslim countries are less favourable to Bush. In these Muslim countries, Bush's unfavorability ratings are particularly high, often over 90%. [64]. Among the non-U.S. nations polled in another [65] worldwide poll by the CBC, Bush's popularity was highest in Israel, where 62% reported favorable views, however in the CBC poll, Israel was the only foreign country polled that had a net favorable opinion of Bush.(Q2)

A 2005 poll conducted by the BBC World Service across 22,000 people in 21 nations found that a majority of world opinion (58%) believed that George Bush's re-election would have a negative impact on their peace and security. Only 26% believed it would have a positive one. Public opinion in the Philippines and India showed strong majorities in favour of Bush. [66], but these were the only countries in favour. The same poll revealed that support for the Iraq occupation had dropped to 37% in Britain. In Turkey, 72% of those polled said that George Bush's re-election made them "feel worse about Americans". [67] The BBC World Service is one of the most widely recognised international broadcasters of radio programming, transmitting in 43 languages to around 150 million people throughout the world. ...

Contents

Education, military service, and early personal life

Religious beliefs and practices

Business and early political career

Presidential campaigns

Presidency

Foreign policy and security

Iraq

Military spending

Political ideology

Management style

Domestic policy

Faith-based initiatives

Diversity and civil rights

Economy

Social security

Health

Education

Science

Environment

Immigration

Trade

Major appointees

Cabinet

Major legislation signed

Public perception and assessments

Domestic

Hurricane Katrina

Outside the United States

See also

Media

References

Notes

Further reading and information

External links

Contents

Education, military service, and early personal life GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Religious beliefs and practices

Business and early political career

Presidential campaigns

Presidency

Foreign policy and security

Iraq

Military spending

Political ideology

Management style

Domestic policy

Faith-based initiatives

Diversity and civil rights

Economy

Social security

Health

Education

Science

Environment

Immigration

Trade

Major appointees

Cabinet

Major legislation signed

Public perception and assessments

Domestic

Hurricane Katrina

Outside the United States

See also

Media

References

Notes

Further reading and information

External links

Education, military service, and early personal life