Duke of Newcastle is a title which has been created several times in the peerages of Royal motto: Dieu et mon droit (French: God and my right) Official language None; English is de facto Capital London Capitals coordinates 51° 30 N, 0° 10 W Largest city London Area  - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population  - Total (2001)  - Density Ranked 1st UK 49,138,831...England and Great Britain lies between Ireland and continental Europe. ...Great Britain. The title Earl of Newcastle was first created for Ludovic Stuart, the first Duke of Richmond. The title was again created for William Cavendish, who was raised to the rank of Marquess and finally Duke, and also created Earl of Ogle at the same time. After the death of the second Duke, these titles became extinct.

The title was again created for John Holles. When he died in Events 24 February __ The London premiere of Rinaldo by George Friderich Handel, the first Italian opera written for the London stage. ...1711 the title became extinct but his estates passed to his nephew Thomas Pelham_Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle_upon_Tyne and 1st Duke of Newcastle_under_Lyme (July 21, 1693 _ November 17, 1768) was a Whig statesman, whose official life extended throughout the Whig supremacy of the 18th century. ...Thomas Pelham, who three years later upon coming of age received the title in its third creation. In Events March 14 _ On_board the HMS Monarch, Admiral John Byng is executed by firing squad for neglecting his duty. ...1757 he received the additional title of " Newcastle_under_Lyme is a busy market town in Staffordshire, England, not to be confused with the larger city of Newcastle_upon_Tyne. ...Newcastle_under_Lyme" (not the previously used " This article is about a city in the United Kingdom. ...Newcastle_upon_Tyne"). When Pelham died in Events January 9 _ Philip Astley stages the first modern circus (London) May 10 _ John Wilkes is imprisoned for writing an article for the North Briton severely criticizing King George III. This action provokes rioting in London Secretary of State for colonies appointed in Britain Massachusetts Assembly dissolved for refusing to...1768 the Tyne title became extinct, but the Lyme title passed to his eniece's husband Henry Clinton. That title also became extinct upon the death of the tenth Duke, as no male heirs to the title remained.

Earls of Newcastle_upon_Tyne, First creation ( Events August 6 _ Pope Urban VIII is elected to the Papacy. ...1623)

• Ludovic Stuart, 1st Duke of Richmond ( Events April 14 _ Battle of Mookerheyde. ...1574_ Events The Netherlands establish a trading colony at Kaohsiung on Taiwan. ...1624)

Dukes of Newcastle_upon_Tyne, First creation ( Events March 4 _ Start of the Second Anglo_Dutch War March 6 _ Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society begins publication March 16 _ Bucharest allows Jews to settle in the city in exchange of annual tax of 16 guilders June 3 _ The Duke of York defeats the Dutch Fleet off the...1665)

• William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle (1592 _ December 25, 1676) was an English soldier, politician and writer. ...William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle ( Events January 30 _ The death of Pope Innocent IX during the previous year had left the Papal throne vacant. ...1592_ Events February 19 _ England and the Netherlands sign the Treaty of Westminster. ...1674)
• Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle ( Events February 22 _ Native American Quadequine introduces Popcorn to English colonists. ...1630_ Events March 5 _ French troops under Marshal Louis_Francois de Boufflers besiege the Spanish_held town of Mons March 29 _ Siege of Mons ends to the city’s surrender Treaty of Limerick penalizes public worship of catholics and Presbyterians Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Suleiman II (1687...1691)

Dukes of Newcastle_upon_Tyne, Second Creation ( Events February 6 _ The colony Quilombo dos Palmares is destroyed. ...1694)

• John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle ( Events March 18 – Short_timed experiment of the first public buses holding 8 passengers begins in Paris May 3/May 2 _ Catherine of Braganza marries Charles II of England – as part of the dowry, Portugal cedes Bombay and Tangier to England May 9 _ Samuel Pepys witnessed a Punch and Judy...1662_ Events 24 February __ The London premiere of Rinaldo by George Friderich Handel, the first Italian opera written for the London stage. ...1711)

Dukes of Newcastle_upon_Tyne, Third Creation ( Events September 1 _ King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years, leaving the throne of his exhausted and indebted country to his great_grandson Louis XV. Regent for the new, five years old monarch is Philippe dOrléans, nephew of Louis XIV. September _ First of the...1715)

• Thomas Pelham_Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle_upon_Tyne and 1st Duke of Newcastle_under_Lyme (July 21, 1693 _ November 17, 1768) was a Whig statesman, whose official life extended throughout the Whig supremacy of the 18th century. ...Thomas Pelham_Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle ( Events January 11 _ Eruption of Mt. ...1693_ Events January 9 _ Philip Astley stages the first modern circus (London) May 10 _ John Wilkes is imprisoned for writing an article for the North Briton severely criticizing King George III. This action provokes rioting in London Secretary of State for colonies appointed in Britain Massachusetts Assembly dissolved for refusing to...1768)

Dukes of Newcastle_under_Lyme ( Events March 14 _ On_board the HMS Monarch, Admiral John Byng is executed by firing squad for neglecting his duty. ...1757)

• Thomas Pelham_Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle_upon_Tyne and 1st Duke of Newcastle_under_Lyme (July 21, 1693 _ November 17, 1768) was a Whig statesman, whose official life extended throughout the Whig supremacy of the 18th century. ...Thomas Pelham_Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle ( Events January 11 _ Eruption of Mt. ...1693_ Events January 9 _ Philip Astley stages the first modern circus (London) May 10 _ John Wilkes is imprisoned for writing an article for the North Briton severely criticizing King George III. This action provokes rioting in London Secretary of State for colonies appointed in Britain Massachusetts Assembly dissolved for refusing to...1768)
• Henry Fiennes Pelham_Clinton, 2nd Duke of Newcastle ( Events January 6 _ The Committee of Inquiry on the South Sea Bubble publishes its findings February 11 _ Sweden and Prussia sign the (2nd Treaty of Stockholm) declaring peace. ...1720_ Events February 11 _ 1st session of the United States Senate is open to the public. ...1794)
• Thomas Pelham_Clinton, 3rd Duke of Newcastle ( Events February 11 _ Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in the US, is opened. ...1752_ Events January 16 _ French occupy Utrecht, Netherlands. ...1795)
• Henry Pelham Pelham_Clinton, 4th Duke of Newcastle ( Events January 1st The first issue of the Daily Universal Register, later known as The Times, is published in London. ...1785_ Events January 23 _ The flip of a coin determines whether a new city in Oregon is named after Boston, Massachusetts, or Portland, Maine, with Portland winning. ...1851)
• Henry Pelham Pelham_Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle_under_Lyme, 12th Earl of Lincoln (also known as Henry Pelham Clinton_Hope) (22 May 1811 _ 18 October 1864) was a British politician, who eventually rose to the position of Secretary of State for War and the Colonies. ...Henry Pelham Pelham_Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle ( 1811 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...1811_ Events January _ March January 21 _ Maori Wars: The Tauranga Campaign starts. ...1864)
• Henry Pelham Alexander Pelham_Clinton, 6th Duke of Newcastle ( Events January 1 _ Abolition of customs charges at borders within Germany. ...1834_ 1879 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...1879)
• Henry Pelham Archibald Douglas Pelham_Clinton, 7th Duke of Newcastle ( Events January _ March January 21 _ Maori Wars: The Tauranga Campaign starts. ...1864_ 1928 was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...1928)
• Henry Francis Hope Pelham_Clinton_Hope, 8th Duke of Newcastle ( 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ...1866_ 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...1941)
• Henry Edward Hugh Pelham_Clinton_Hope, 9th Duke of Newcastle ( 1907 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...1907_ 1988 is a leap year starting on a Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...1988)
• Edward Charles Pelham_Clinton, 10th Duke of Newcastle ( 1920 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) Events January January 7 _ Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ...1920_ 1988 is a leap year starting on a Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...1988)