The title Duke of Richmond is named after Richmond and its surrounding district of Richmondshire, and has been created several times in the Peerage of England for members of the royal Tudor and Stuart families. The town of Richmond as seen from the top of the keep of Richmond Castle Richmond is a market town on the River Swale in North Yorkshire, UK and is the administrative centre of the district of Richmondshire. ... Richmondshire is a local government district of North Yorkshire, England. ... The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. ... The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor (Welsh: ) was a series of six monarchs of a Welsh origin who ruled England and Ireland from 1485 until 1603. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

History of the Dukedom

The Dukedom was first created (as Duke of Richmond and Somerset) for Henry Fitzroy, the illegitimate son of Henry VIII Tudor by Elizabeth Blount. Upon his death without children in 1536 it became extinct. Henry Fitzroy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset (June 15, 1519 – June 18, 1536) was the son of Henry VIII and his teenaged mistress, Elizabeth Blount, the only bastard that Henry acknowledged. ... Henry VIII (28 June 1491 - 28 January 1547) was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland, from 22 April 1509 until his death. ... The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor (Welsh: ) was a series of six monarchs of a Welsh origin who ruled England and Ireland from 1485 until 1603. ... Elizabeth Blount, better known as Bessie Blount (c. ...

Ludovic Stuart, second Duke of Lennox (see Lennox (district)) (1574-1624), who also held other titles in the peerage of Scotland, was created Earl of Richmond in 1613 and Duke of Richmond in 1623 as a member of the Lennox line (not unlike King James himself) in the House of Stuart. These became extinct at his death in 1624, but his Scottish honors devolved on his brother Esmé, Earl of March. Esmé's son James, the fourth Duke of Lennox (1612-1655), was created Duke of Richmond in 1641, the two dukedoms again becoming united. In 1672, on the death of James' nephew Charles, 3rd Duke of Richmond and 6th Duke of Lennox, both titles again became extinct. Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (September 29, 1574–February 16, 1624) was the son of Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox. ... The title Duke of Lennox has been created several times in the Peerage of Scotland. ... The district of Lennox (Gaelic: Leamhnachd) is a region of Scotland centred around the village of Lennoxtown in Stirling, eight miles north of the centre of Glasgow. ... The Peerage of Scotland is the division of the British Peerage for those peers created in the Kingdom of Scotland before 1707. ... The title of Earl of Richmond was created many times in the Peerage of England. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Esmé Stewart, 3rd Duke of Lennox (1579–July 30, 1624) was the son of Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox. ... The title Earl of March has been created several times in the Peerage of Scotland and the Peerage of England. ... James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond, 4th Duke of Lennox (1612-1655) was a Scottish nobleman. ... Charles Stewart, 3rd Duke of Richmond, 6th Duke of Lennox KG (March 7, 1639–December 1672) was the son of George Stewart, 9th Seigneur dAubigny and Katherine Howard, daughter of Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk. ...

The third creation was in August 1675, when Charles II granted the title to Charles Lennox, his illegitimate son by Louise de Keroualle, Duchess of Portsmouth. Charles Lennox was further created Duke of Lennox a month later. Charles' son, also Charles, succeeded to the French title Duke of Aubigny (of Aubigny-sur-Nère) on the death of his grandmother in 1734. Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was the King of England, King of Scots, and King of Ireland from 30 January 1649 (de jure) or 29 May 1660 (de facto) until his death. ... Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond and 1st Duke of Lennox (29 July 1672 _ 27 May 1723), was the illegitimate son of Charles II of England and his mistress Louise de Keroualle, Duchess of Portsmouth. ... Louise Renée de Penancoët de Kérouaille (1649-1734), mistress of Charles II of England and Duchess of Portsmouth. ... The title Duke of Portsmouth was created in the Peerage of England in 1673 for Louise Renée de Penancoët de Kérouaille. ... Ducs dAubigny have had their origins in Aubigny-sur-Nère from the 15th century, which was an important honour throughout the Auld Alliance and Ancien Régime. ... Aubigny-sur-Nère is one of the communes of the Cher département and in the Arrondissement of Vierzon. ...

The 6th Duke of Richmond and Lennox was created Duke of Gordon (See Clan Gordon) in 1876. Thus, the Duke holds three (four, if the Aubigny claim is accepted) dukedoms, more than any other person in the realm. The Dukes of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon are normally styled Duke of Richmond and Gordon. Before the creation of the Dukedom of Gordon they were styled Duke of Richmond and Lennox. The title Duke of Gordon has been created once in the Peerage of England and again in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. ... Clan Gordon Crest Clan Gordon, also known as the House of Gordon, is a traditional Scottish clan name and it is now a common forename. ...

The subsidiary titles are: Earl of March (created 1675), Earl of Darnley (1675), Earl of Kinrara (1876), Baron Settrington, of Settrington in the County of York (1675), and Lord Torbolton (1675). The titles Earl of March and Baron Settrington were created in the peerage of England along with the Dukedom of Richmond. The titles Earl of Darnley and Lord Torbolton were created in the Peerage of Scotland along with the Dukedom of Lennox. Finally, the title Earl of Kinrara was created in the peerage of the United Kingdom with the Dukedom of Gordon. The eldest son of the Duke uses the courtesy title Earl of March and Kinrara. Before the creation of the Dukedom of Gordon, the courtesy title used was Earl of March. The Earldom of Darnley has been created in both the Peerage of Scotland and the Peerage of Ireland. ... The Peerage of Scotland is the division of the British Peerage for those peers created in the Kingdom of Scotland before 1707. ... A courtesy title is a form of address in the British peerage system used for wives, children, and other close relatives of a peer. ...

The family seat is Goodwood House near Chichester, West Sussex. Goodwood House is a country house in West Sussex in southern England. ... Statistics Population: 25,000 Ordnance Survey OS grid reference: SU865045 Administration District: Chichester Shire county: West Sussex Region: South East England Constituent country: England Sovereign state: United Kingdom Other Ceremonial county: West Sussex Historic county: Sussex Services Police force: Sussex Police Fire and rescue: West Sussex Ambulance: South East Coast... West Sussex is a county in the south of England, bordering onto East Sussex (with Brighton and Hove), Hampshire and Surrey. ...

Coat of Arms

On His Grace's coat of arms, the United Kingdom along with a border of Lennox and surmounted escutcheon of Aubigny, are represented in 1st and 4th cantons as Stuart titles, while Clan Gordon (1st Gordon, 2nd Badenoch, 3rd Seton, 4th Fraser--from acquisition of Aboyne lands) is represented in 2nd and 3rd cantons. The previous Stuart arms for Richmond had the French province of Berry in cantons 1 and 4, Stuart arms bordered by Aubigny (in Berry) in cantons 2 and 3, with a surmounted Lennox escutcheon. Henry FitzRoy's arms were as follows: 1st and 4th canton borders for Brittany, 2nd and 3rd canton borders for Somerset, centred by the English Royal Arms, surmounted by an escutcheon of Nottingham, with a bar attached to show royal bastardy. Richmond has its own distinct badge, the Tudor rose as displayed by the Richmond Herald. Richmond was the compromise between Lancaster and York, in the Wars of the Roses. A modern coat of arms is derived from the medi val practice of painting designs onto the shield and outer clothing of knights to enable them to be identified in battle, and later in tournaments. ... Canton is a division of the field placed in the upper dexter corner. ... Clan Gordon Crest Clan Gordon, also known as the House of Gordon, is a traditional Scottish clan name and it is now a common forename. ... Badenoch, a district of south-east Inverness-shire in Scotland, bounded on the north by the Monadhliath mountains, on the east by the Cairngorms and Braemar, on the south by Atholl and the Grampians, and on the west by Lochaber. ... A seton or seton stitch is a medical term for a procedure used to aid the healing of fistulae. ... The Clan Fraser (Gaelic - Clann Frisealach, French Clan Frasier) is a Scottish clan of French origin. ... Aboyne (Scottish Gaelic: Abèidh) is a village in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, on the River Dee approximately 48 km (30 miles) west of Aberdeen. ... Berry was a province of France until the provinces were replaced by départements on March 4, 1790. ... The Duke of Brittany (French: Duc de Bretagne) governed Brittany, a region with strong traditions of independence, including a language and a distinctive culture. ... The Duke of Somerset is a title in the peerage of England that has been created several times. ... Earl of Nottingham is a title in the peerage of England, created in 1681 for Heneage Finch, who had served as Lord Chancellor. ... When Henry Tudor took the crown of England from Richard III in battle, he brought about the end of the Wars of the Roses between the House of Lancaster (Red Rose) and the House of York (White Rose). ... Richmond Herald of Arms in Ordinary is an officer of arms of the College of Arms. ... The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor (Welsh: ) was a series of six monarchs of a Welsh origin who ruled England and Ireland from 1485 until 1603. ... The House of Lancaster is a dynasty of English kings. ... The House of York was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet, three of whom became English kings in the late 15th century. ... Lancaster York For other uses see Wars of the Roses (disambiguation) The Wars of the Roses (1455 - 1485) were a series of civil wars fought over the throne of England between adherents of the House of Lancaster and the House of York. ...

Dukes of Richmond and Somerset, First Creation (1525)

• Henry Fitzroy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset (1519-1536)

Events January 21 - The Swiss Anabaptist Movement was born when Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz, George Blaurock, and about a dozen others baptized each other in the home of Manzs mother on Neustadt-Gasse, Zürich, breaking a thousand-year tradition of church-state union. ... Henry Fitzroy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset (June 15, 1519 – June 18, 1536) was the son of Henry VIII and his teenaged mistress, Elizabeth Blount, the only bastard that Henry acknowledged. ... Events March 4 - Hernán Cortés lands in Mexico. ... Year 1536 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ...

Dukes of Richmond, First Creation (1623)

• Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (1574-1624)

Year 1623 (MDCXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (September 29, 1574–February 16, 1624) was the son of Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox. ... Year 1574 was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ... Events January 24 - Alfonso Mendez, appointed by Pope Gregory XV as Prelate of Ethiopia, arrives at Massawa from Goa. ...

Dukes of Richmond, Second Creation (1641)

• James Stewart, 4th Duke of Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (1612-1655)
• Esmé Stewart, 5th Duke of Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond (1649-1660)
• Charles Stewart, 6th Duke of Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond (1639-1672)

Events The Long Parliament passes a series of legislation designed to contain Charles Is absolutist tendencies. ... James Stewart, 4th Duke of Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (1612-1655) was a Scottish nobleman The Scottish connection to the earldom of Richmond began in 1613 when Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox, was created Earl of Richmond. ... Events January 20 - Mathias becomes Holy Roman Emperor. ... Events March 25 - Saturns largest moon, Titan, is discovered by Christian Huygens. ... Esmé Stuart, 2nd Duke of Richmond, 5th Duke of Lennox (November 2, 1649–August 10, 1660) was the son of James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond. ... // Events January 30 - King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland is beheaded. ... // Events January 1 - Colonel George Monck with his regiment crosses from Scotland to England at the village of Coldstream and begins advance towards London in support of English Restoration. ... Charles Stewart, 3rd Duke of Richmond, 6th Duke of Lennox (March 7, 1639–December 1672) was the son of George Stewart, 9th Seigneur dAubigny. ... Events January 14 - Connecticuts first constitution, the Fundamental Orders, is adopted. ... Events England, France, Munster and Cologne invade the United Provinces, therefore this name is know as ´het rampjaar´ (the disaster year) in the Netherlands. ...

Dukes of Richmond, Third Creation (1675)

• Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond, 1st Duke of Lennox (1672-1723)
• Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond, 2nd Duke of Lennox (1701-1750)
• Charles Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond, 3rd Duke of Lennox (1734-1806)
• Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond, 4th Duke of Lennox (1764-1819)
• Charles Gordon-Lennox, 5th Duke of Richmond, 5th Duke of Lennox (1791-1860)
• Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond, 6th Duke of Lennox, 1st Duke of Gordon (1818-1903)
• Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 7th Duke of Richmond, 7th Duke of Lennox, 2nd Duke of Gordon (1845-1928)
• Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond, 8th Duke of Lennox, 3rd Duke of Gordon (1870-1935)
• Frederick Charles Gordon-Lennox, 9th Duke of Richmond, 9th Duke of Lennox, 4th Duke of Gordon (1904-1989)
• Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of Richmond, 10th Duke of Lennox, 5th Duke of Gordon (b. 1929)

The 10th Duke's Heir Apparent: Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, Earl of March and Kinrara (b. January 8, 1955)

Lord March's Heir Apparent: Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, Lord Settrington (b. December 20, 1994)

Events January 5 - The Battle of Turckeim June 18 - Battle of Fehrbellin August 10 - King Charles II of England places the foundation stone of the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London - construction begins November 11 - Guru Gobind Singh becomes the Tenth Guru of the Sikhs. ... Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond and 1st Duke of Lennox (29 July 1672 _ 27 May 1723), was the illegitimate son of Charles II of England and his mistress Louise de Keroualle, Duchess of Portsmouth. ... Events England, France, Munster and Cologne invade the United Provinces, therefore this name is know as ´het rampjaar´ (the disaster year) in the Netherlands. ... Events February 16 - Louis XV of France attains his majority Births February 24 - John Burgoyne, British general (d. ... Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond, 2nd Duke of Lennox (born at Goodwood, Sussex on 18 May 1701; died at Godalming on 8 August 1750) was the son of Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond. ... Events January 18 - Frederick I becomes King of Prussia. ... Events March 2 - Small earthquake in London, England April 4 - Small earthquake in Warrington, England August 23 - Small earthquake in Spalding, England September 30 - Small earthquake in Northampton, England November 16 – Westminster Bridge officially opened Jonas Hanway is the first Englishman to use an umbrella James Gray reveals her sex... Charles Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond and Lennox (1733 - December 1806), was one of the most remarkable men of the 18th century, being chiefly famous for his advanced views on the question of parliamentary reform. ... Events January 8 - Premiere of George Frideric Handels opera Ariodante at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. ... 1806 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond and Lennox (born at Gordon Castle, near Thirsk, Scotland on 9 December 1764; died near Perth, Ontario, Canada on August 28, 1819) was a British soldier and politician. ... 1764 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1819 common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Charles Gordon-Lennox, 5th Duke of Richmond and Lennox (3 August 1791 – 21 October 1860) was an English politician and a prominent Conservative. ... 1791 (MDCCXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... His Grace The Duke of Richmond and Lennox Charles Henry Gordon_Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond, 6th Duke of Lennox and 1st Duke of Gordon (February 27, 1818 - September 27, 1903) was a British politician. ... 1818 (MDCCCXVIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... 1900 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Friday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 7th Duke of Richmond and Lennox and 2nd Duke of Gordon, KG, GCVO (27 December 1845 – 18 January 1928) was a British politician and peer. ... 1845 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond, 8th Duke of Lennox, 3rd Duke of Gordon DSO MVO (30 December 1870 – 7 May 1935) was a British Peer, the son of the 7th Duke by his partially Sephardic Jewish first wife, Amy Mary Ricardo. ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... Frederick Charles Gordon-Lennox, 9th Duke of Richmond, 9th Duke of Lennox, 4th Duke of Gordon (February 5, 1904–November 2, 1989) was the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of Richmond, 10th Duke of Lennox and 5th Duke of Gordon (19 September 1929) is a British Peer. ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, Earl of March and Kinrara (born 8 January 1955) is the heir apparent of the 10th Duke of Richmond, 10th Duke of Lennox and 5th Duke of Gordon. ... January 8 is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 20 is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ...

References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.

Encyclopædia Britannica, the 11th edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

See also

• Baron Clifton
• Earl of Lichfield
• Earl of Newcastle

The Earldom of Darnley has been created in both the Peerage of Scotland and the Peerage of Ireland. ... The Earl of Lichfield is a title originally created in the peerage of England that has twice become extinct and was recreated in the peerage of the United Kingdom. ... Duke of Newcastle is a title which has been created several times in the peerages of England and Great Britain. ...

Further reading

• Tillyard, Stella. Aristocrats: Caroline, Emily, Louisa, and Sarah Lennox, 1740-1832. Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1994.

the duke of richmond used to be heavily envoled in the opium trade, he sent boats to and from the coast of oregan carrying as much as 500 lbs of it