Duke of Newcastle is a title which has been created several times in the peerages of England and Great Britain. The title Earl of Newcastle was first created for Ludovic Stuart, the first Duke of Richmond. The title was again created for William Cavendish, who was raised to the rank of Marquess and finally Duke. After the death of the second Duke, the title became extinct.
The title was again created for John Holles. When he died in 1711 the title became extinct but his estates passed to his nephew Thomas Pelham, who three years later upon coming of age received the title in its third creation. In 1757 he received the additional title of "Newcastle-under-Lyme" (not the previously used "Newcastle-upon-Tyne"). When Pelham died in 1768 the Tyne title became extinct, but the Lyme title passed to his eniece's husband Henry Clinton. That title also became extinct upon the death of the tenth Duke, as no male heirs to the title remained.
William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle (1592 – December 25, 1676) was an English soldier, politician and writer.
Newcastle left in 1648 for Rotterdam with the intention of joining the Prince of Wales in command of the rebellious navy, and finally took up his abode at Antwerp, where he remained till the Restoration.
At the Restoration Newcastle returned to England, and succeeded in regaining the greater part of his estates, though burdened with debts, his wife estimating his total losses in the war at the enormous sum of £941,303.
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