Dunglish is a portmanteau of Dutch and English, a name for Dutch English, the Dutch speaker's version of the English language. The languages are closely related Germanic languages, and the Dutch are taught English in elementary school. In addition, English spoken movies are not dubbed in the Netherlands. A portmanteau (IPA pronunciation: ) is a word or morpheme which fuses two or more words or parts of words to give a combined or loaded meaning. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

The Dutch word for the poorest form of Dunglish is Steenkolenengels ("Coal English"). This term goes back to the early twentieth century when Dutch port workers used a rudimentary form of English to communicate with the personnel of English coal ships.

Errors occur mainly in pronunciation, word order and the meaning of words. Former Dutch ambassador and prime minister Dries van Agt supposedly once said "I can stand my little man" (ik kan mijn mannetje staan, a Dutch saying meaning roughly "I can stand up for myself"). Another example of inappropriate English was phrased by the former leader of the Dutch liberal party, Frits Bolkestein. When talking about economic prospects he kept referring to them as "Golden showers". In Dutch this phrase does not have the second, more dubious connotation. Look up pronunciation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... In linguistic typology, word order is the order in which words appear in sentences. ... Andreas Antonius Maria Dries van Agt (born February 2, 1931) is a Dutch politician and served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1977 to 1982. ... This article or section should be merged with Watersports (BDSM) Urolagnia (also known as urophilia) is a paraphilia involving sexual attraction to urine. ...

Two American counterparts to Dunglish were once common: Jersey or Bergen County Dutch, a pidgin Dutch spoken in parts of New Jersey and a remnant of the days of Dutch possession of the area in the mid 17th century. In the Midwest, a separate pidgin Dutch was used by immigrants who came from the Netherlands in the 19th century, primarily in Western Michigan where the largest group of Dutch immigrants in the U.S. lived. Bergen County is a county located in the state of New Jersey. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Jersey Dutch (meaning New Jersey, not Jersey) apparently had quite a long life despite the Dutch disappearing as colonizers early on, and was reputed to have lasted into the 20th century. Yankee Dutch persists to this day, with a few speakers still living, although the likelihood of the pidgin surviving much past the next five to ten years is unlikely. The persistence of both pidgins was attributed to the use of Dutch in church services. It was the anti-German sentiment of World War I that was probably the biggest force in the demise of both pidgins, as the language was mistaken for German by those from outside the communities where the pidgins were spoken. It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... Anti-German sentiment should not be confused with Anti-German (ideology),also called Anti-German. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ...

Common errors

Incorrect meaning of words

Errors often occur because of the faux ami (false cognate) possibility: words are incorrectly translated for understandable reasons. Examples are: Look up False friend in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... False cognates are a pair of words in the same or different languages that are similar in form and meaning but have different roots. ...

• Undertaker as a translation of ondernemer ("onder" meaning "under" and "nemer" meaning "taker") meaning entrepreneur, a mistake made by then prime-minister Joop den Uyl, who remarked that "the Dutch are a nation of undertakers".
• in Dutch the word 'realisation', besides meaning 'to comprehend', is also used to refer to the completion or execution of work (as in: 'making it real'). This could lead to the slightly misleading sentence: "They have realised the building." when meaning that the building has been constructed/completed, although it is mostly used in combination of abstract words, so these sentences would be more correct: "They have realised the construction of the building." or "They have realised the building project."
• The verb solicit (solliciteren) in Dutch means applying for a job, which can lead to very embarrassing situations when someone mentions they have come to solicit.
• The interject hoor, literary listen but used without real meaning, is used at the end of a sentence and is pronounced similar to whore, leading to sentences like "I've already sent the letter to you, hoor." In this case the word hoor actually indicates the speaker is showing an indignation, caused by a previously made statement. It often also signifies that the sentence is an assertion. In this case the meaning of hoor could be interpreted as really but with a partially ironic or sarcastic connotation, for example "I've given him the money, really", which would be in Dutch: "Ik heb hem het geld gegeven, hoor."
• The word eventueel in Dutch means possibly and not eventually, which would be uiteindelijk in Dutch. This mistake caused a row between the Scotish and Belgian football associations when the Belgian football association invited delegates from various associations over for the "eventual qualification of the Belgian national football team" before the play-offs against Scotland started. While the Scottish federation accused the Belgians of sheer arrogance, the Belgian association would only hold the drink after a "possible qualification".

This article is about the vocation of a mortician and the death metal band; for the World Wrestling Entertainment superstar, see The Undertaker. ... Prime Minister of the Netherlands Dr. Johannes Marten Joop den Uyl (August 9, 1919 - December 24, 1987) was a Dutch politician, prime minister of the Netherlands from 1973 until 1977, as a member of the socialist PvdA party. ...

Word order

English and Dutch don't always follow the same word order. While English is an SVO language [Subject Verb Object], Dutch is a partly SVO and partly SOV language: in sentences with modal auxiliary verbs the perfect participle is placed at the end of the phrase, and in sub-clauses, the order gets reversed, see V2 word order. English, on the other hand, has a particular usage of creating periphrastic sentences with the word "do" (a rare feature cross-linguistically), something Dutch lacks, instead reversing to VSO in simple questions. However, many Dutch people make sentences in English with exactly the same word order as Dutch. This creates errors such as: In linguistic typology, subject-verb-object (SVO) is the sequence subject verb object in neutral expressions: Sam ate oranges. ... In linguistic typology, Subject Object Verb (SOV) is the type of languages in which the subject, object, and verb of a sentence appear (usually) in that order. ... The English modal auxiliary verbs are will and would shall and should may and might can and could must ought to Modal auxiliary verbs help other verbs express a meaning or an idea but have no meaning by themselves. ... In linguistics, a participle is a non-finite verb form that can be used in compound tenses or voices, or it can be used as a modifier. ... Verb-second (V2) word order, in syntax, is the effect that in some languages the second constituent of declarative main clauses is always a verb, while this is not necessarily the case in other types of clauses. ... Verb Subject Object—commonly used in its abbreviated form VSO—is a term in linguistic typology. ...

• "I did that already yesterday" instead of "I already did that yesterday".
• "What mean you?" instead of "What do you mean".

Verb conjugation

English and Dutch are both Germanic languages, some words/verbs are very similar and sometimes cause Dutch people to conjugate English verbs using Dutch grammar. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This page will attempt to outline the grammar of Dutch. ...

• "We kisse(n) her." (kussen means to kiss in Dutch and in Dutch grammar the nominative case of a plural pronoun is equal to the infinitive which (in most cases) has an en-ending)
• "What do you now? ("What are you doing?" is "Wat doe je nu?" in Dutch)

Errors in pronunciation

• Words like Third and The are commonly mispronounced by the Dutch as Turd and Duh.
• Many Dutchmen have trouble distinguishing between bat, bad, bet and bed.
• Many Dutch tend to pronounce the u from tub as œ in French œuf or u in Dutch bus.
• A lot of Dutchmen pronounce the word idea without the ending sound, making "Do you have an idea?" and "Do you have an ID?" sound the same.

Other examples

"Welcome in Amsterdam"

Should be: "Welcome to Amsterdam" (in Dutch: "Welkom in Amsterdam")

"That can"

Instead of: "that's possible", "sure" or "of course" (in Dutch: "Dat kan")

"Thank you for your reaction"

Instead of: "Thank you for your reply" (in Dutch: "Bedankt voor uw reactie")

"I hate you all very welcome"

Instead of: "I welcome you all" (in Dutch: "Ik heet u allen zeer welkom")

"They hardly worked...."

Should be: "They have been working very well" (in Dutch: "Ze hebben hard gewerkt")

"Gas out of our bottom"

Should be: "Gas from our soil/ground" (in Dutch: "Gas uit onze bodem")

"I learn you..."

Should be "I will teach you..." (in Dutch: "Ik leer je...")

"I fok horses"

Should be "I breed horses" (in Dutch: "Ik fok paarden")

"I first have to look the cat out of the tree."

Should be "I have to wait and see which way the cat jumps" (in Dutch: "Ik moet eerst de kat uit de boom kijken")

Arthur Numan to the British press after his transfer from PSV to Glasgow Rangers. (Supposedly)

"How late is it?"

Should be "What time is it?" (in Dutch: "Hoe laat is het?").

"What is there on the hand?"

Should be "What is going on?" (in Dutch: "Wat is er aan de hand?").

"Go your gang."

Should be "Do your thing" (in Dutch: "Ga je gang").

"Put your mobiles out."

Should be "Turn off your mobile phones" (in Dutch: "Zet je mobieltjes uit").

"I always make craft of the unit circle."

Should be "I always use the unit circle." (in Dutch: "Ik maak altijd gebruik van de eenheidscirkel").

"When I'm walking over this line..."

Should be "When I'm following this line..." (with finger) (in Dutch: "Wanneer ik over deze lijn loop").

"I'm sitting on this line."

Should be "I am on this line [when pointing at a line]" (in Dutch: "Ik zit op deze lijn").

"I want you out of it."

(when sending someone out of the classroom) (in Dutch: "Ik wil je uit het klaslokaal.").

"Are you shore of this?"

Should be "Are you sure of this?" (confusion because of the pronunciation) (in Dutch: "Ben je hier zeker van?")

Jocular reverse use

One can also observe the opposite of Dunglish: the pseudo-stupid literal borrowing of English terms in Dutch. Usually, the speaker doing this will be well aware of his error and wanting to achieve a comical effect, somewhat like a pun. The most famous example of this may be: A pun (also known as paronomasia) is a figure of speech which consists of a deliberate confusion of similar words within a phrase or phrases for rhetorical effect, whether humorous or serious. ...

"Worst-Kaas scenario"

Refers to "worst case scenario" (literally: "sausage-cheese scenario"). This expression uses the Dutch words that most closely resemble their English counterparts. Amusingly, they are snacks, often served together alongside drinks (at a "borrel"), so that the term worst-kaas scenario may well be used to describe a situation in which snacks are or will have to be served. E.g. "If we continue to drink beers at this rate, this may well develop into a worst-kaas scenario..." - at which the addressed person should normally respond by ordering snacks without further ado.

Worst Teacher Award

There is an ongoing debate in many Dutch universities on whether, given the increasing number of foreign exchange students, classes should be taught in English rather than Dutch. A common counterargument is that a significant number of professors are not fluent enough to teach classes in English at a university level. In this light, the Student Union (VSSD) of Delft University of Technology has instated the "Worst Teacher Award", given yearly to the most heinous mistake in English made by a professor. Since 'worst' is the Dutch word for 'sausage', the prize awarded is a large sausage. Some examples: Founded in 1842, the Delft University of Technology, in Delft, the Netherlands, is one of the oldest, largest, and most comprehensive technical universities in the Netherlands, with over 13,000 students and 2,100 scientists (including 200 professors). ...

Don't let them eat the cheese off your bread. (Jacques Berenbak)

Dutch: Laat je de kaas niet van het brood eten.

Meaning: Don't lose your competitive edge.

You have to screw up the number.

Dutch: Je moet de waarde opschroeven.

Meaning: You have to increase the number.

This college goes over ramps.

Dutch: Dit college gaat over rampen.

Meaning: This lecture is about disasters.

I tried to lead you around the garden.

Dutch: Ik probeerde je om de tuin te leiden.

Meaning: I tried to deceive you.

I have an equation picked from the sky

Dutch: Ik heb een vergelijking uit de lucht gegrepen.

Meaning: I took a random equation.

You have to meet this with your lat

Dutch: Je moet dit meten met je lat.

Meaning : You have to measure this with your ruler.

See also

• Euro-English: Franglais, Czenglish, Spanglish, Runglish, Siculish, Swenglish
• Engrish: Chinglish, Konglish, Singlish
• Non-native pronunciations of English
• Globish, International English
• Project Dunglish (research project in Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)