The Dying Gaul

The Dying Gaul is an ancient Roman marble copy of a lost ancient Greek statue, thought to have been executed in bronze, that was commissioned some time between 230 BC-220 BC by Attalos I of Pergamon to honor his victory over the Galatians. The present base was added after its rediscovery. The identity of the statue's sculptor is unknown but it has been suggested that Epigonus, the court sculptor of the Attalid dynasty of Pergamon, may have been its author. Image:Dying gaul. ... Image:Dying gaul. ... The Roman Forum was the central area around which ancient Rome developed. ... Venus de Milo, front. ... Note: This article contains special characters. ... Assorted ancient bronze castings found as part of a cache, probably intended for recycling. ... Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC - 230s BC - 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC Years: 235 BC 234 BC 233 BC 232 BC 231 BC - 230 BC - 229 BC 228 BC... Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC - 220s BC - 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC Years: 225 BC 224 BC 223 BC 222 BC 221 BC - 220 BC - 219 BC 218 BC... Coin of Attalus I (269 BC–197 BC), with Athena, Greek goddess of war and wisdom. ... Pergamon or Pergamum (modern day Bergama in Turkey) was a Greek city, in northwestern Anatolia, 16 miles from the Aegean Sea, located on a promontory on the north side of the river Caicus (modern day Bakir), that became an important kingdom during the Hellenistic period, under the Attalid dynasty, 282... The Epistle to Galatians is a book of the Bible New Testament. ... The Attalid dynasty was a Greek dynasty that ruled the city of Pergamon after the death of Lysimachus, a general of Alexander the Great. ...

The statue depicts a dying Celt with remarkable realism, particularly in the face. He is represented as a Gallic warrior with a typically Gallic hairstyle and moustache. The figure is naked save for a neck torc. The statue serves both as a reminder of the Celts' defeat, thus demonstrating the might of the people that defeated them, and a memorial to their bravery as worthy adversaries. It also provides evidence to corroborate ancient accounts of the Gallic fighting style; Julius Caesar records in his account of the Gallic War that the Gauls went into battle naked save for their weapons. This article is about the European people. ... Gallic, derived from the name for the ancient Roman province of Gaul, describes the cultural traditions and national characters of the French speaking nations and regions, as Hispanic does for the Hispanophone world, Anglo-Saxon for the Anglophone, and Lusitanic for the Lusophone. ... A torc, also spelled torque (from Latin torqueo, to twist, because of the twisted shape of the collar) is a rigid circular necklace that is open-ended at the front. ... Gaius Julius Caesar (IPA: Classical Latin: IMP•C•IVLIVS•CAESAR•DIVVS1) (July 12, 100 BC – March 15, 44 BC) was a Roman military and political leader. ... Map of Gaul circa 58 BC The Gallic Wars were a series of wars fought between the Romans and the people of Gaul during the mid-first century BC, culminating in the Battle of Alesia in 52 BC which resulted in the expansion of the Roman Republic across Gaul. ...

The Dying Gaul became one of the most celebrated works to have survived from antiquity and was endlessly copied and engraved by artists and sculptors. It is thought to have been rediscovered in the early 17th century during excavations for the foundations of the Villa Ludovisi and was first recorded in 1623 in the collections of the powerful Ludovisi family of Rome. (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Events August 6 - Pope Urban VIII is elected to the Papacy. ... Logo of the rione Ludovisi is the XVI rione of Rome. ... City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus – SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC mythical, 1st millennium BC Region Latium Area  - City Proper  1285 km² Population  - City (2004)  - Metropolitan  - Density (city proper) 2,553,873 almost 4,300,000 1. ...

The artistic quality and expressive pathos of the statue aroused great admiration among the educated classes in the 17th and 18th centuries. It was widely copied, with kings, academics and wealthy landowners commissioning their own reproductions of the Dying Gaul. The less well-off could purchase copies of the statue in miniature for use as ornaments and paperweights. Pathos (from πάσχειν paschein, the Greek word meaning to suffer) is an appeal to anothers pride or character in general. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ...

During this period, some misinterpreted the statue's theme as representing a defeated gladiator, leading to the coining of several (entirely erroneous) alternative names for the statue: the 'Dying' or 'Wounded Gladiator', 'Roman Gladiator', and 'Myrmillo Dying'. Pollice Verso, an 1872 painting by Jean-Léon Gérôme, is a well known history painters researched conception of a gladiatorial combat. ...

It was looted by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1797 during his invasion of Italy and taken to Paris, where it was put on display. It was returned to Rome in 1815 and is currently on display in the Capitoline Museums. Copies of the statue can be seen in the Museum of Classical Archaeology at Cambridge University and the Courtauld Gallery in London, as well as in Berlin, Prague and Stockholm. Looting (which derives via the Hindi lut from Sanskrit lunt, to rob) is the inconsiderate taking of valuables triggered by a change in authority or the absence thereof. ... Bonaparte as general Napoleon Bonaparte ( 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a general of the French Revolution and was the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from November 11, 1799 to May 18, 1804, then as Emperor of the French (Empereur des Français... 1797 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The French Revolutionary Wars continued from 1795, with the French in an increasingly strong position as members of the First Coalition made separate peaces. ... , The Eiffel Tower, the tallest structure in Paris, is an international symbol of the city. ... The Battle of New Orleans 1815 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Michelangelos design for Capitoline Hill, now home to the Capitoline Museums. ... The University of Cambridge (often called Cambridge University), located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... The Courtauld Institute of Art is a listed organisation of the University of London specialising in the study of the history of art. ... (help· info) is the capital city and a state of Germany. ... Prague (Czech: Praha, see also other names) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... The Old town in Stockholm from the air (help· info) is the capital of Sweden, located on the east coast at the entrance of lake Mälaren. ...

References

• A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology. James McKillop. Oxford University Press, 1998
• Art in the Hellenistic Age, Pollitt, J. J., 1986
• The Bloomsbury Guide to Art, Ed. Shearer West. Bloomsbury Publishing Ltd, 1996
• Hellenistic Sculpture, Smith, R.R.R. London, 1991
• Taste and the Antique, Haskell, F. and N. Penny. New Haven and London, 1981
• The Oxford Companion to Western Art. Ed. Hugh Brigstocke. Oxford University Press, 2001