This is a sub-article to Islamic jurisprudence and Twelvers.

Ja'fari school of thought, Ja'fari jurisprudence or Ja'fari Fiqh is the name of the jurisprudence of the Shi'a Twelvers Muslims, derived from the name of Ja'far al-Sadiq, the 6th Shia Imam. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Twelvers ( Ithnāˤashariyyah) are those Shiˤa Muslims who believe there were twelve Imāms, as distinct from Ismaili & Zaidi Shiite Muslims, who believe in a different number of Imams or in a different path of succession. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ... Twelvers ( Ithnāˤashariyyah) are those Shiˤa Muslims who believe there were twelve Imāms, as distinct from Ismaili & Zaidi Shiite Muslims, who believe in a different number of Imams or in a different path of succession. ... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... Jafar al-Sadiq (Arabic جعفر الصادق, April 20, 702 – December 4, 765), in full Jafar ibn Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn, is considered the sixth Shia imam by Twelver Shia Muslims. ... The Shia Imam is considered by the Shia sect of Islam to be the rightful successor to Muhammad, and is similar to the Caliph in Sunni Islam. ...

Branches

Usuli

This school of thought utilize Ijtihad by adopting reasoned argumentation in finding the laws of Islam. Usulis emphasize the role of Mujtahid who was capable of independently interpreting the sacred sources as an intermediary of the Hidden Imam and , thus, serve as a guide to the community.This meant that legal interpretations were kept flexible to take accout of changing conditions and the dynimics of the times.^[1] This school of thought is predominant among most of Shi'a. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... ijtihad is a technical term of the Islamic law and means the process of making a legal decision by independent interpretation of the sources of the law, the Quran and the Sunna. ... For other uses, see Mahdi (disambiguation). ...

According to idea developed by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini , two kinds of Ja'fari jurisprudence can be recognized. One as Conventional Fiqh and another as Dynamic Fiqh. In Dynamic Fiqh which is backed by the famous text book Javaher-al-Kalem (Arabic: جواهر الكلم), one should consider the concept of time, era, and age (Arabic: زمان) as well as the concept of place, location and venue (Arabic: مکان). He stated that these two concepts have key role in the underestanding and extraction of commandments. ^[2] Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Mosavi Kooni ( ) (Persian: روح الله موسوی خمینی RÅ«ollāh MÅ«savÄ« KhomeynÄ« (May 17, 1900[1] – June 3, 1989) was a Shi`i Muslim cleric and marja (religious authority), and the political leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of... This is a sub-article to Islamic jurisprudence and Twelvers. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ...

Akhbari

This school of thought take a restrictive approach to ijtihad and Akhbaris are located in Basra, its environs and Bahrain.^[3] Location of Basra Basra (Arabic: ‎; BGN: Al Başrah) is the second largest city of Iraq with an estimated population of 2,600,000 (2003). ...

Sub-articles

Non-controversial fields

• Ja'fari Islamic banking

To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Controversial fields

This are the fields of the Ja'fari jurisprudence that are controversial among Muslims.

• Nikah Mut'ah
• Taqiya
• Guardianship of the jurists (doctrine)

It has been suggested that Mutta marriage be merged into this article or section. ... In Shia Islamic tradition, Taqiyya (التقية) is the dissimulation of one’s religious beliefs when one fears for ones life, the lives of ones family members, or for the preservation of the faith. ... Guardianship of the Jurisprudents or Trusteeship of the Jurisconsults (Arabic: ولاية الفقيه Wilayat al-Faqih, Persian: Velayat-e-Faqih) is a Shia Twelver doctrine regarding Islamic leadership // Definition According to it, those most knowledgeable about Islamic law (Shariah) should assume a guiding or leading political role in society. ...

See also

• Hanafi
• Maliki
• Shafi'i
• Hanbali

// The Hanafi (Arabic حنفي) school is the oldest of the four schools of thought (Madhhabs) or jurisprudence (Fiqh) within Sunni Islam. ... This page deals with Islamic thought. ... The Šāfiˤī madhab (Arabic: شافعي) is one of the four schools of fiqh, or religious law, within Sunni Islam. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Notes

1. ^ [Oxford concise dictionary of Politics,2003:487]
2. ^ (Persian: صحيفه نور) http://www.tebyan.net/Html1/Sahife/html/21/289.htm
3. ^ [Oxford concise dictionary of Politics,2003:487]

Persian (Local names: فارسی Fârsi or پارسی Pârsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ...

References

• Oxford concise dictionary of Politics,2003

External links

• Some of Shi'a Islamic Laws books
• Islamic Laws of G.A. Sayyid Abulqasim al-Khoei
• Islamic Laws of G.A. Fazel Lankarani
• Islamic Laws of G.A. Syed Ali al-Husaini Seestani
• Shia Akhbari website
• Towards an Understanding of the Shiite Authoritative Sources