A dynamometer car is a railroadmaintenance of way car used for measuring various aspects of a locomotive's performance. Measurements include tractive effort, horsepower, top speed, etc. Although now advanced calculations make the dynamometer join the ranks of obsolete equipment such as cabooses and steam locomotives, it was certainly a valuable asset when it was used.
External links
Rail Training & Test Cars (http://www.northeast.railfan.net/equipment2.html) photos of some prototype cars.
Carriages of LNWR: 6-wheeled Dynamometer Car (http://www.lnwrs.org.uk/Carriages/Lnwrs807.php)
Esoteric Test Equipment (http://www.geocities.com/budb3/arts/tsteqa.html)
National Model Railroad Association, Kitbash Korner: ML&S Dynamometer Car (http://www.nmra.org/bash_dymo.html) building a model of a dynamometer car.