Dzhokhar Dudayev Дудин Муса кант Жовхар
1st President of Chechnya
In office November 9, 1991 – April 21, 1996
Vice President(s)	Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev
Succeeded by	Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev
Born	April 15, 1944 Yalkhori, Soviet Union
Died	April 21, 1996 Gekhi Chu, Chechnya
Nationality	Chechen
Political party	All-National Congress of the Chechen People
Spouse	Alla Dudayeva

Dzhokhar Dudayev and his son (killed few days after the invasion of Chechnya)

Dzhokhar Dudayev and his family

Dzhokhar Musayevich Dudayev (Chechen: Dƶoxar Dudayev; Cyrillic: Дудин Муса кант Жовхар, Russian: Джохар Мусаевич Дудаев) (February 1944 – April 21, 1996) was a Soviet Air Force general and a Chechen leader, the first President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, an unrecognized breakaway state in the North Caucasus. This work is copyrighted. ... This is a list of Presidents of the unrecognised Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, a separatist movement that controlled most of Chechnya from 1991 to 1999 (see First Chechen War, Second Chechen War). ... November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Zelimkhan Abdumuslimovich Yandarbiyev (Russian: Зелимхан Абдумуслимович Яндарбиев) (September 12, 1952 – February 13, 2004) was an acting president of the breakaway Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (1996-1997). ... Zelimkhan Abdumuslimovich Yandarbiyev (Russian: Зелимхан Абдумуслимович Яндарбиев) (September 12, 1952 – February 13, 2004) was an acting president of the breakaway Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (1996-1997). ... April 15 is the 105th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (106th in leap years). ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union. ... is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria. ... The Chechen Republic (IPA: ; Russian: , Chechenskaya Respublika; Chechen: , Noxçiyn Respublika), or, informally, Chechnya (; Russian: ; Chechen: , Noxçiyçö), sometimes referred to as Ichkeria, Chechnia, Chechenia or Noxçiyn, is a federal subject of Russia. ... // Geography The Chechen people are mainly inhabitants of Chechnya, which is internationally recognized as part of Russia. ... The All-National Congress of the Chechen People (NCChP) of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria came to power on November 1, 1991 under president Dzhokhar Dudayev, a former commander of the Soviet air force base in Tartu, Estonia. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (426x640, 36 KB) This photo is from my collection and belong to me personally. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (426x640, 36 KB) This photo is from my collection and belong to me personally. ... Image File history File links Dudaev&family. ... Image File history File links Dudaev&family. ... The Chechen language has about 1,200,000 speakers, most of whom live in Russia. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... The Soviet Air Force, also known under the abbreviation VVS, transliterated from Russian: ВВС, Военно-воздушные силы (Voenno-Vozdushnye Sily), formed the official designation of the air force of the Soviet Union. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Chechen Republic (IPA: ; Russian: , Chechenskaya Respublika; Chechen: , Noxçiyn Respublika), or, informally, Chechnya (; Russian: ; Chechen: , Noxçiyçö), sometimes referred to as Ichkeria, Chechnia, Chechenia or Noxçiyn, is a federal subject of Russia. ... Most of this article is about heads of state. ... Official language Chechen Capital Grozny (Dzhokharabad, after 1996) President Doku Umarov Independence  â€“ Declared  â€“ Recognition From Russia  â€“ November 1, 1991  â€“ Georgian Republic National anthem Death or Freedom The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria IPA: (Нохчийн Республика Нохчийчоь) is the unrecognized secessionist government of Chechnya. ... North Caucasus in Russia The North Caucasus (sometimes referred to as Ciscaucasia or Ciscaucasus) is the northern part of the Caucasus region between Europe and Asia. ...

Early life

Dudayev was born in February 1944, during the enforced deportation of his family (together with the entire Chechen, Ingush, Balkar, Kalmyk, Crimean Tatar and other smaller nations, on the orders of Joseph Stalin) from their native village of Yalkhoroi in the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Region. He spent the first 13 years of his life in Kazakhstan. Following the 1957 repatriation of the Chechens and Ingush, he studied at evening school in Checheno-Ingushetia and qualified as an electrician. He entered flying school and graduated from the Tambov Higher Military Aviation School for Pilots in 1966. It is alleged he officially misrepresented his ethnicity as Ossetian in order to sidestep discrimination against the Chechen people. He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1968. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... // Geography The Chechen people are mainly inhabitants of Chechnya, which is internationally recognized as part of Russia. ... The Ingush are a people of the northern Caucasus, mostly inhabiting the Russian republic of Ingushetia. ... The Balkar (малкъар /malqar/) people are a Turkic people of the Caucasus region, thet titular population of Kabardino-Balkaria. ... The Republic of Kalmykia ( Russian: Респу́блика Калмы́кия; Kalmyk: Хальм Тангч) is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic). ... For Crimean Tatar ethos see Crimean Tatars For Crimean Tatar language and alphabet see Crimean Tatar language ... “Stalin” redirects here. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar). ... Image:Tambov1781. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... This article or section should be merged with ethnic group Ethnicity is the cultural characteristics that connect a particular group or groups of people to each other. ... Map of Ossetia Ossetia is a region in the northern Caucasus Mountains, inhabited by the Ossetians, an Iranian people who speak the Ossetic language, (an Iranian Language). ... This article is about discrimination in the social science context. ... The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Russian: Коммунисти́ческая Па́ртия Сове́тского Сою́за = КПСС) was the name used by the successors of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party from 1952 to 1991, but the wording Communist Party was present in the partys name since 1918 when the Bolsheviks became the Russian... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the 1968 Gregorian calendar. ...

Dudayev served in a heavy bomber unit of the Soviet Air Force in Siberia and Ukraine and also fought in Afghanistan^[1]. He studied at the Gagarin Air Force Academy (1971-74) and rose steadily in the Air Force, assuming command of the air base of the Soviet Strategic Air Force at Tartu, Estonia, in 1987 with the rank of Major-General. Dudayev learned Estonian and showed great tolerance for Estonian nationalism when he ignored Soviet orders to shut down the Estonian television and parliament. A large room in the Barclay Hotel in Tartu, once used as Dudayev's office, is now called the "Dudayev Suite" in his honour. In 1990 his division was withdrawn from Estonia and he resigned from the Soviet military and in May 1990 returned to Grozny, the Chechen capital, to devote himself to local politics. The B-52 Stratofortress, a heavy bomber. ... It has been suggested that Western Siberia be merged into this article or section. ... Gagarin may refer to: Yuri Gagarin, the first man to travel in outer space. ... For other uses, see Airport (disambiguation). ... The Soviet Air Force, also known under the abbreviation VVS, transliterated from Russian: ВВС, Военно-воздушные силы (Voenno-Vozdushnye Sily), formed the official designation of the air force of the Soviet Union. ... County Tartu County Mayor Laine Jänes Area 38. ... Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ... Major General or Major-General is a military rank used in many countries. ... Baltic Way, reflecting the peak of the Singing Revolution The Singing Revolution is the common title for events between 1987 and 1990 that led to the regaining of independence of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. ... A parliament is a legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system modelled after that of the United Kingdom. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... Symbol of the Polish 1st Legions Infantry Division in NATO code A division is a large military unit or formation usually consisting of around ten to twenty thousand soldiers. ... A Red Army is a communist army. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article is about a city that serves as a center of government and politics. ...

President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria

In November 1990 he was elected head of the Executive Committee of the unofficial opposition All-National Congress of the Chechen People, which advocated sovereignty for Chechnya as a separate republic within the Soviet Union. The All-National Congress of the Chechen People (NCChP) of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria came to power on November 1, 1991 under president Dzhokhar Dudayev, a former commander of the Soviet air force base in Tartu, Estonia. ... Sovereignty is the exclusive right to exercise supreme political (e. ... in particular, for the archaizing senses of republic, as a translation of politeia or res publica Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A republic is a form of government maintained by a state or country whose sovereignty is based on popular consent and whose...

When the Communist leadership of Doku Zavgayev in the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic publicly expressed his support for the Moscow putsch in August 1991, his days were numbered. Following the failure of the putsch against Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, the Soviet Union began to disintegrate rapidly as the constituent republics took moves to leave the beleaguered Soviet Union. Taking advantage of the Soviet Union's implosion, Dudayev and his supporters acted against the Zavgayev administration. On September 6, 1991, militants of the All-National Congress of Chechen People (NCChP), headed by Dudayev, stormed a session of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR Supreme Soviet, killing the Soviet Communist Party chief for Grozny, Vitali Kutsenko, severely injuring several other Soviet members, and effectively dissolving the government of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR. Zavgayev, the Chairman of the Soviet, was not present and was able to flee to Russia. This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Doku Zavgaev (Zavgayev) is the former Soviet leader of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. ... Chechen-Ingush Aautonomous Soviet Socialist Rrepublic, or Chechen-Ingush ASSR (Russian: ) was an autonomous republic within Russian SFSR. Its capital was Grozny. ... During the Soviet Coup of 1991, also known as the August Putsch, Vodka Putsch or August Coup, a group of hardliners within the Soviet Communist party briefly deposed Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and attempted to take control of the country. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ... Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (Russian: ), surname more accurately romanized as Gorbachyov; born March 2, 1931) is a Russian politician. ... September 6 is the 249th day of the year (250th in leap years). ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... The word militant has come to refer to any individual or party engaged in aggressive physical or verbal combat, normally for a cause. ... The Supreme Soviet (Russian: , Verhovniy Sovet, literally the Supreme Council) comprised the highest legislative body in the Soviet Union in the interim of the sessions of the Congress of Soviets, and the only one with the power to pass constitutional amendments. ... The Communist Party of the Soviet Union ( Russian: Коммунисти́ческая Па́ртия Сове́тского Сою́за = &#1050... A Chairman is the presiding officer of a meeting, organization, committee, or other deliberative body. ...

After a referendum in October 1991 confirmed Dudayev in his new position as president of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, he unilaterally declared the republic's sovereignty and its secession from Russia. In November 1991, Russian President Boris Yeltsin dispatched troops to Grozny, but they were withdrawn when Dudayev's forces prevented them from leaving the airport. Russia refused to recognize the republic's independence, but hesitated to use further force against the secessionists. From this point the "Chechen Republic of Ichkeria" had become a de facto independent state. Official language Chechen Capital Grozny President Abdul-Khalim Sadulayev Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % water Ranked 107th  99,274 km²  0. ... Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin (Russian: ) (February 1, 1931 – April 23, 2007[1]) was the first president of the Russian Federation, serving from 1991 to 1999. ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without...

Independence

Initially Dudayev's government held diplomatic relations with Georgia where he received much moral support from the first Georgian President Zviad Gamsakhurdia. When Gamsakhurdia was overthrown in late 1991, he was given asylum in Ichkeria and attended Dudayev's inauguration as President. While he resided in Grozny he also helped to organise the first "All-Caucasian Conference" which was attended by independentist groups from across the region. Ichkeria never received diplomatic recognition from any internationally recognised state other than Georgia in 1991. Zviad Konstantines dze Gamsakhurdia[1] (Georgian: ზვიად კონსტანტინეს ძე გამსახურდია, IPA: ) (March 31, 1939 — December 31, 1993) was a dissident, scientist and writer, who became the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Georgia in the post-Soviet era. ... Right of asylum (or political asylum) is an ancient judicial notion, under which a person persecuted for political opinions or religious beliefs in his or her country may be protected by another sovereign authority, a foreign country, or Church sanctuaries (as in medieval times). ...

The entity formerly known as the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic split in two in June 1992. After Chechnya had announced its initial declaration of sovereignty in 1991 its neighbouring entity Ingushetia opted to join the Russian Federation. The remaining rump state of Ichkeria declared full independence in 1993. Same year the Russian language stopped being taught in Chechen schools and it was also announced that the Chechen language would start to be written using the Latin alphabet (with some additional special Chechen characters) rather than the Cyrillic alphabet that had been imposed on the Chechen people during the 1930s. The state also began to print its own money and stamps. Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... The Chechen language has about 1,200,000 speakers, most of whom live in Russia. ... The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. ... The Cyrillic alphabet (pronounced also called azbuka, from the old name of the first two letters) is an alphabet used for several East and South Slavic languages—Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, and Ukrainian—and many other languages of the former Soviet Union, Asia and Eastern Europe. ... Face The 1930s (years from 1930–1939) were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known in Europe as the World Depression. ...

Dudayev's pro-independence policies soon began to undermine Chechnya's economy and, Russian observers claimed, allegedly transformed the region into a gangsters' paradise.^{[citation needed]} The non-Chechen population of Ichkeria was left the republic due to criminal elements and faced with indifferent government.^[2] In 1993 the Chechen parliament attempted to organize a referendum on public confidence in Dudayev on the grounds that he had failed to consolidate Chechnya's independence.^{[citation needed]} He retaliated by dissolving parliament and other organs of power. Beginning in early summer 1994 armed Chechen opposition groups with Russian military and financial backing tried repeatedly but without success to depose Dudayev by force. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Gang. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar). ... Categories: Wikipedia cleanup | Military of Russia | Russia-related stubs ...

War with Russia

Main article: First Chechen War

On December 1, 1994 the Russians began bombing Grozny airport and destroyed the Chechen Airforce (former Soviet training aircraft requisitioned by the republic in 1991). In response Ichkeria declared war on Russia and mobilised its armed forces. On December 11, five days after Dudayev and Minister of Defense Pavel Grachev of Russia had agreed to avoid the further use of force, Russian troops invaded Chechnya from three different directions. Dudayev's son, Avlur, was killed in the first month of the war. ^[3] This article does not cite any references or sources. ... December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... A trainer is a training aircraft used to develop piloting, navigational or weapon-aiming skills in flight crew. ... The armed forces of a state are its government sponsored defense and fighting forces and organizations. ... December 11 is the 345th day of the year (346th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Russian Defence Minister Pavel Grachev speaking in the State Duma in 1994. ...

Before the fall of Grozny, Dudayev moved south with his forces and continued leading the war throughout 1995 from a missile silo close to the historic Chechen capital of Vedeno. He continued to insist that his forces would prevail after the "conventional" warfare had finished. Chechen guerrilla fighters continued to operate across the entire country picking off Russian units and demoralising their soldiers. A Jihad was declared on Russia by the Mufti of Ichkeria, Akhmad Kadyrov, and foreign fighters began pouring into the republic from neighbouring North Caucasian Muslim republics, such as Dagestan and Ingushetia, and from European countries such as Baltic States and Ukraine. Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... A missile silo is a underground vertical cylindrical container for the storage and launching of ICBMs. ... Vedeno (Russian: ) is a village in the Chechen Republic, Russia. ... For other uses of War, see War (disambiguation). ... Guerrilla warfare (also spelled guerilla) is a method of unconventional combat by which small groups of combatants attempt to use mobile and surprise tactics (ambushes, raids, etc) to defeat a foe, often a larger, less mobile, army. ... Flag used by Muslims Army during early Islam Jihad, sometimes spelled Jahad, Jehad, Jihaad, Jiaad, or Cihad, (Arabic: IPA: ) as an Islamic term, is sometimes referred to as the sixth pillar of Islam, although it occupies no official status as such in Sunni Islam. ... A Mufti (Arabic: مفتى ) is an Islamic scholar who is an interpreter or expounder of Islamic law (Sharia), capable of issuing fataawa (plural of fatwa). // Role of a Mufti in governments In theocracies like Saudi Arabia and Iran, and in some countries where the constitution is based on sharia law, such... Akhmat Abdulkhamidovich Kadyrov (Russian: Ахмат Абдулхамидович Кадыров (August 23, 1951 – May 9, 2004) was the president of the Chechen Republic (elected on October 5, 2003). ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... The Republic of Dagestan IPA: (Russian: ; Avar: , Daɣistanłul Džumħuriyat), older spelling Daghestan, is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The three Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania The Baltic states refer to Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. ...

Assassination

President Dudayev was killed on April 21 1996 by two laser-guided missiles when he was using a satellite phone, after his location was detected by a Russian reconnaissance aircraft, which intercepted his phone call. Despite America's ban on assassinations, it is suspected the NSA was involved in the assassination by providing one of their SIGINT satellites to assist in the triangulation.[1] At the time Dudayev was reportedly talking to a liberal deputy of the Duma in Moscow, reportedly Konstantin Borovoy. Additional aircraft were dispatched (a Su-24MR and a Su-25) to locate Dudayev and fire a guided missile. Exact details of this operation were never released by the Russian government. However, it is known that Russian reconnaissance planes in the area had been monitoring satellite communications for quite some time trying to match Dudayev's voice signature to the existing samples of his speech. It was a grave mistake on Dudayev's part to use a satellite phone, especially with his experience as a Soviet Air Force general. is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Beam-riding guidance leads a missile to its target by means of radar or a laser beam. ... It has been suggested that Guided missile be merged into this article or section. ... A satellite telephone, satellite phone, or satphone is a mobile phone that communicates directly with orbiting communications satellites. ... A military aircraft used for monitoring enemy activity, usually carrying no armament. ... It has been suggested that Selective assassination be merged into this article or section. ... NSA can stand for: National Security Agency of the USA The British Librarys National Sound Archive This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... SIGINT stands for SIGnals INTelligence, which is intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether by radio interception or other means. ... Triangulation can be used to find the distance from the shore to the ship. ... Look up liberal on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Liberal may refer to: Politics: Liberalism American liberalism, a political trend in the USA Political progressivism, a political ideology that is for change, often associated with liberal movements Liberty, the condition of being free from control or restrictions Liberal Party, members of... Deputy may mean: A member of a Chamber of Deputies, National Assembly, etc. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with State Duma. ... Position of Moscow in Europe Coordinates: , Country District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Government  - Mayor Yuriy Luzhkov Area  - City 1,081 km²  (417. ... The Sukhoi Su-24 (NATO reporting name Fencer) was the Soviet Unions most advanced all-weather interdiction and attack aircraft in the 1970s and 1980s. ... Su-25 of the Russian Air Force The Su-25 (NATO reporting name Frogfoot) is a battlefield attack, close air support, and anti-tank aircraft designed by the Soviet Union. ... Mixed reconnaissance patrol of the Polish Home Army and the Soviet Red Army during Operation Tempest, 1944 Reconnaissance is the military term for the active gathering of information about an enemy, or other conditions, by physical observation. ... U.S. military MILSTAR communications satellite A communications satellite (sometimes abbreviated to comsat) is an artificial satellite stationed in space for the purposes of telecommunications using radio at microwave frequencies. ...

He was succeeded by Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev (as acting President) and then after the elections, by Aslan Maskhadov. Zelimkhan Abdumuslimovich Yandarbiyev (Russian: Зелимхан Абдумуслимович Яндарбиев) (September 12, 1952 – February 13, 2004) was an acting president of the breakaway Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (1996-1997). ... Aslan Maskhadov Aslan Aliyevich Maskhadov (Russian: Аслан Алиевич Масхадов) (September 21, 1951 – March 8, 2005) was a leader of the separatist movement in the southern Russian republic of Chechnya. ...

Places named in honor of Dudayev

House number in Dzhokhar Dudayev avenue in Riga

• After his death, various locations in Turkey were renamed after him, such as Cevher Dudayev Meydanı (Dzhokhar Dudayev Square) in Ankara.^{[citation needed]}

• From 1996, there is Dzhokhar Dudayev avenue (Džohara Dudajeva gatve) in Riga, capital of Latvia.

• Also in 1996 a street in Lviv was named after him (вулиця Джохара Дудаєва), later followed by Ivano-Frankivsk and Kyiv in Ukraine.

• Dzhokhar Dudayev square (Dzocharo Dudajevo skveras) in Vilnius, capital of Lithuania.

• Chechnya's war-ravaged capital Grozny has been called Dzhokhar-Ghala by separatists. Its official name remains as Grozny.[2]

• On March 17, 2005 a roundabout in Warsaw, capital of Poland, was named Rondo Dżochara Dudajewa. [3]

• In Gorazde (Bosnia and Herzegovina), Ulica Generala Dzohara Dudajeva

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 503 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (813 × 969 pixel, file size: 175 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 503 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (813 × 969 pixel, file size: 175 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the countrys second largest city after Ä°stanbul. ... Coordinates: Founded 1201 Government  - Mayor Jānis Birks Area  - City 307. ... Motto: Semper fidelis Location Map of Ukraine with Lviv. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Ivano-Frankivsk highlighted. ... Kiev (Київ, Kyiv, in Ukrainian; Киев, Kiev, in Russian) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper river. ... Location Ethnographic region AukÅ¡taitija County Vilnius County Municipality Vilnius city municipality Coordinates Number of elderates 20 General Information Capital of Lithuania Vilnius County Vilnius city municipality Vilnius district municipality Population About 600,000 in 2006 (1st) First mentioned 1323 Granted city rights 1387 Not to be confused with Vilnius... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... is the 76th day of the year (77th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Motto: Contemnit procellas (It defies the storms) Semper invicta (Always invincible) Coordinates: Country Poland Voivodeship Masovia Powiat city county Gmina Warszawa Districts 18 boroughs City Rights turn of the 13th century Government  - Mayor Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz (PO) Area  - City 516. ... Goražde is a city in eastern Bosnia. ...

References

• 1994-1998 Encyclopaedia Britannica