The Dzungars (also Jungars or Zungars; Mongolian: Зүүнгар Züüngar) were a tribe of the Oirat Mongols. They maintained the last nomadic empire around Dzungaria from the 17th century to the middle 18th century. In 1206 AD, a single Mongolian state was formed based on nomadic tribal groupings under the leadership of Chinghis Khan (see Genghis Khan). ... // Origins of the Mongols Archaeological evidence places early Stone Age human habitation in the southern Gobi between 100,000 and 200,000 years ago. ... Mongol Empires largest extent outlined in red; Timur-i-Lenks empire is shaded The Mongol Empire (1206–1368) was the largest contiguous land empire in world history ruling 35 million km² (13. ... Chagatai Khan (alternative spellings Chagata, Chugta, Chagta, Djagatai, Jagatai), a son of Genghis Khan (1206—1227), controlled the part of the Mongol Empire which extended from the Ili river (eastern Kazakhstan) and Kashgaria (western Tarim Basin) to Transoxiana. ... This article refers to the medieval Turkic state. ... Khanates of Mongolian Empire: Il-Khanate, Chagatai Khanate, Empire of the Great Khan (Yuan Dynasty), Golden Horde The Ilkhanate (also spelled Il-khanate or Il Khanate) was one of the four divisions within the Mongol Empire. ... The Yuan Dynasty (Mongolian: Dai Ön Yeke Mongghul Ulus; Chinese: 元朝 or 大元帝國) lasting officially from 1271 to 1368, also called the Mongol Dynasty, was the name given to the significant ruling family of Borjigin in Asia. ... The Qing Dynasty (Manchu: daicing gurun; Chinese: 清朝; pinyin: qÄ«ng cháo; Wade-Giles: ching chao), sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, was founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what is today northeast China, expanded into China proper and the surrounding territories of Inner Asia, establishing... The Peoples Repubic of Mongolia was a communist state in central Asia which existed between 1924 and 1990. ... Following the collapse of the Peoples Republic of Mongolia, Mongolias first free, multi-party elections for a bicameral Peoples Khural were held on July 29, 1990. ... 1911: Mongolia declares independence under Bogd haan. ... The Oyirad (also spelled Oirat) is an alliance of the western Mongols. ... The Mongols are an ethnic group that originated in what is now Mongolia, Russia, and China, particularly Inner Mongolia. ... Dzungaria (also Junggar, Jungaria, Sungaria, Zungaria) is a physical region, covering approximately 777,000 km², within the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, in northwestern China. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ...

List of Dzungar chiefs

• Khara Khula
• Baatur Khong Tayiji
• Sengge
• Galdan
• Tsewang Rabtan
• Galdan Tsereng
• Dawachi

History

The origin of the Dzungars (or Oirads or Kalmyks )is mysterious. They suddenly emerged in the early 17th century. The royal family was said to be in line of Esen Tayisi. It shared the clan name Choros with the Dörbed and their ancestral legend resembles the Uighur royal family's. The Dzungars and Dörbed are considered as the successor of the Naiman. Züün gar means left (east) hand (wing) in Mongolian although the Dzungars were in the west end of the Mongols. Maybe they were formed as the left wing of the Dörbed. A 15th century Mongolian prince of the Oirad horde. ... A clan of the Oirad Mongols. ... The Dorbots (Mongolian: Дөрвөд Dörvöd) are a tribe within the Oirat Mongol people. ... Uyghurs (also called Uighurs, Uygurs, or Uigurs) (Chinese: 維吾爾 or 维吾尔 in pinyin: wéiwúěr) are a Turkic ethnic group of people living in northwestern China (mainly in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, where they are the dominant ethnic group together with Han people), Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. ... The Naimans or Naiman Mongols (Naiman also means eight in Mongolian) were a Mongol people dwelling in central Asia, closely related to the Kara-Khitai, and subservient to them until 1177. ...

The Oirat Mongols were under the dominion of Jasaghtu Khan of the Khalkha. Khalakhula seems to have resisted against the Khalkha. In 1623 the Oirat confederation killed Ubasi Khong Tayiji, the first Altan Khan of the Khalkha and gained independence. Jasaghtu Khan was a 15th century Mongolian khan who directly ruled from 1557 to 1592. ... The Khalkha, or Halh (Халх [χɑɬχ]) in modern Khalkha Mongolian, is a subgroup of the Mongols. ... Events August 6 - Pope Urban VIII is elected to the Papacy. ... Ubasi Khong Tayiji was a 15th century Mongolian prince. ... The House of Altan Khan (lit. ...

In 1636 his son joined the expeditionary force to Tibet against the Karma school led by Güshi Khan and gave the title Baatur Khong Tayiji. After he returned to Dzungaria, the Dzungars rapidly gained strength. He made three expeditions against the Kazakhs. Events February 24 - King Christian of Denmark gives an order that all beggars that are able to work must be sent to Brinholmen Island to build ships or as galley rowers March 26 - Utrecht University founded in The Netherlands. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Güshi Khan was a 17th century Kalmyk military leader and the leader of the Tibetan Buddhist school of Karmapa. ... Kazakh may refer to An ethnic group: the Kazakhs The Kazakh language The Culture of Kazakhstan Suhbat. ...

In 1653 his son Sengge succeeded the Dzungars chief, but an internal strife with his half brother Chechen Tayiji involved the Khoshuud. With the support of Ochirtu Khan of the Khoshuud, this strife ended with Sengge's victory in 1661. In 1667 he captured Erinchin Lobsang Tayiji, the third and last Altan Khan. He was killed by Chechen Tayiji in a coup in 1670. Events February 2 - New Amsterdam (later renamed New York City) is incorporated. ... The Khoshuud are a tribe within the Oirad Mongol people. ... Ochirtu Khan was a khan of the Khoshuud horde of the Oirad Mongols. ... Events January 6 - The fifth monarchy men unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London. ... // Events January 20 - Poland cedes Kyiv, Smolensk, and eastern Ukraine to Russia in the Treaty of Andrusovo that put a final end to the Deluge, and Poland lost its status as a Central European power. ... A prince of the Khalkha federation. ... 1670 was a common year beginning on a Saturday in countries using the Julian calendar and a Wednesday in countries using the Gregorian calendar. ...

Sengge's younger brother Galdan immediately returned to lay life and took revenge on Chechen. As a Buddhist priest, Galdan had been to Tibet at the age of thirteen and had trained under the fourth Panchen Lama and then the fifth Dalai Lama. In 1671 The Dalai Lama bestowed the title of Khong Tayiji on him. He came into conflict with Ochirtu Khan. The victory over Ochirtu in 1677 resulted in the establishment of hegemony over the Oirats. In the next year the Dalai Lama gave the highest title of Boshughtu Khan to Galdan. The 10th Panchen Lama, pictured here meeting with other political figures, lived from 1938 to 1989. ... Lozang Gyatso, the Great Fifth Dalai Lama, (1617-1682), is one of only two Dalai Lamas formally titled Great. He initiated the construction of the fabulous Potala Palace in Lhasa, Tibet. ... Events May 9 - Thomas Blood, disguised as a clergyman, attempts to steal the Crown Jewels from the Tower of London. ... The 14th and current Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso (born 1935) The 13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso (1876-1933) In Tibetan Buddhism, the successive Dalai Lamas (taa-lai bla-ma) form a tulku lineage of Gelugpa leaders which trace back to 1391. ... Events First performance of Racines tragedy, Phèdre Sarah Churchill marries John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough Battle of Cassel, Philippe I of Orléans defeats William of Orange Mary II of England marries William of Orange English Statute of frauds is passed into law Battle of Landskrona Elias...

Links

• Forum of Kalmyk Internet Community