Isobutane
General
Systematic name	Isobutane 2-Methylpropane
Molecular formula	C4H10
SMILES	C(C)CC
Molar mass	58.08 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless gas
CAS number	[75-28-5]
Properties
Density and phase	2.51 g/l, gas (15 °C, 1 atm)
Solubility in water	Insoluble
Melting point	−159.6 °C (113.6 K)
Boiling point	−11.7 °C (261.5 K)
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU classification	Highly flammable (F+)
NFPA 704	IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... The simplified molecular input line entry specification or SMILES is a specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per volume. ... In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ... When expressed as a measurement, an atmosphere (symbol: atm) or standard atmosphere is a unit of pressure roughly equal to the average atmospheric pressure at sea level on Earth. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Solution. ... This article describes water from a scientific and technical perspective. ... The melting point of a crystalline solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change its state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid at a given pressure. ... A material safety data sheet or MSDS is a form containing data regarding the properties of a particular substance. ... Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as amended) is the main source of European Union law concerning chemical safety. ... NFPA 704 is a standard maintained by the U.S. National Fire Protection Association. ... Image File history File links NFPA_704. ... 4 1 0
R-phrases	R12
S-phrases	S2, S9, S16
Flash point	flammable gas
Autoignition temperature	460 °C
Explosive limits	1.8–8.4%
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related alkanes	Isopentane Neopentane
Related compounds	Butane
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Isobutane, also known as methylpropane or 2-methylpropane, is an alkane, isomeric with butane. Recent concerns with depletion of the ozone layer by freon gases have led to increased use of isobutane as a gas for refrigeration systems, especially in domestic refrigerators and freezers, and as a propellant in aerosol sprays. When used as a refrigerant or a propellant, isobutane is also known as R-600a. It is used as a feedstock in the petrochemical industry, for example in the synthesis of isooctane.^[1] R-phrases are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. ... S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. ... The flash point of a flammable liquid is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mixture with air. ... The autoignition temperature of a substance is the lowest temperature at which a chemical will spontaneously combust in a normal atmosphere, without an external source of ignition, such as a flame or spark. ... The explosive limit of a gas or a vapour, is the limiting concentration (in air) that is needed for the gas to ignite and explode. ... The refractive index (or index of refraction) of a material is the factor by which the phase velocity of electromagnetic radiation is slowed in that material, relative to its velocity in a vacuum. ... The dielectric constant εr (represented as or K in some cases) is defined as the ratio: where εs is the static permittivity of the material in question, and ε0 is the vacuum permittivity. ... Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy or Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV/ VIS) involves the spectroscopy of photons (spectrophotometry). ... IR spectrum of a thin film of liquid ethanol. ... Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy most commonly known as NMR Spectroscopy is the name given to the technique which exploits the magnetic properties of nuclei. ... Basic schematic of a mass spectrometer Mass spectrometry (also known as mass spectroscopy (deprecated)[1] or in common speech mass-spec) is an analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. ... An alkane is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon. ... Pentane also known as amyl hydride or skellysolve is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)3CH3. ... Pentane also known as amyl hydride or skellysolve is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)3CH3. ... Butane, also called n-butane, is the unbranched alkane with four carbon atoms, CH3CH2CH2CH3. ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ... An alkane is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon. ... In chemistry, isomers are molecules with the same chemical formula and often with the same kinds of bonds between atoms, but in which the atoms are arranged differently. ... Butane, also called n-butane, is the unbranched alkane with four carbon atoms, CH3CH2CH2CH3. ... The ozone layer, or ozonosphere layer (rarely used term), is the part of the Earths atmosphere which contains relatively high concentrations of ozone (O3). ... Freon is a trade name for a group of chlorofluorocarbons used primarily as a refrigerant. ... It has been suggested that Refrigerator be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Freezer be merged into this article or section. ... A freezer is a home appliance, usually found above the refrigerator that keeps foods frozen. ... A propellant is a material that is used to move an object by applying a motive force. ... Aerosol spray can Aerosol spray is the name given to a type of canister containing liquid under pressure from pressurized vapor in equilibrium with another liquid, which often also dissolves the payload (see propellant below). ... A refrigerant is a compound used in a heat cycle that undergoes a phase change from a gas to a liquid and back. ... A feedstock is a petrochemical used as a raw material to be fed into a machine or processing plant. ... Petrochemicals are chemical products made from raw materials of petroleum (hydrocarbon) origin. ... Octane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)6CH3. ...

Nomenclature

Structures of the two isomers of butane

Isobutane is the name recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in its 1993 Recommendations for the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry.^[2] i-butane and n-butane File links The following pages link to this file: Butane Categories: GFDL images ... i-butane and n-butane File links The following pages link to this file: Butane Categories: GFDL images ... IUPAC logo The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) (Pronounced as eye-you-pack) is an international non-governmental organization established in 1919 devoted to the advancement of chemistry. ...

See also

• Volatile substance abuse

Volatile substance abuse or solvent abuse (called huffing) is the practice of inhaling volatile substances for their psychoactive effects. ...

Reference

1. ^ Patent Watch, July 31, 2006.
2. ^ Panico, R.; & Powell, W. H. (Eds.) (1994). A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds 1993. Oxford: Blackwell Science. ISBN 0-632-03488-2.

External links

• International Chemical Safety Card 0901
• NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

• IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (online version of the "Blue Book")
• Molview from bluerhinos.co.uk See Isobutane in 3D
• Data from Air Liquide

• Links to external chemical sources.