The Earldom of Castlemaine was a title created in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created for Roger Palmer, the husband of Barbara Palmer (née Villiers), mistress to King Charles II. The Earl was also given the title Baron Limerick. The Peerage of Ireland is the term used for those peers created by British monarchs in their capacity as Lord or King of Ireland. ... Roger Palmer, Earl of Castlemaine Roger Palmer, 1st Earl of Castlemaine, (1634-1705) is probably best known as the husband of Barbara Villiers, one of Charles IIs mistresses. ... Barbara Villiers, Countess of Castlemaine Barbara Villiers (November 1640 - October 9, 1709), Duchess of Cleveland, was one of the most notorious of Charles IIs mistresses. ... Charles II (29 May 1630–6 February 1685) was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 30 January 1649 (de jure) or 29 May 1660 (de facto) until his death. ...
The title was limited to the his heirs-male by Barbara (i.e. not by any future wife), making it clear that the Earldom was for his wife's services to the King and not his own. As the only child officially fathered by the 1st Earl (which probably was not actually his) was a female, the title went extinct on his death.
Castlemaine, a former market-town, is situated on the harbour of Castlemaine, on the south-west coast of Ireland.
Castlemaine is situated on the north side of the river Maine and lies south-east of the Slieve Mish range of mountains.
The Maine flows into the harbour of Castlemaine, the castle stood over it and projected considerably on the east side; and buttresses of the arch by which it was supported are still remaining, and the stone socket on which the pivot of the castle gate turned is still to be seen.
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