The peerage title Earl of Ormonde has a long and complex history. It has been created three times in the Peerage of Ireland. It was originally created in 1328 for James Butler. The fifth earl was created Earl of Wiltshire (1449) in the Peerage of England, but he was attainted in 1461 and his peerages were declared forfeit. The earldom of Ormonde was restored to the sixth earl, John Butler, but returned to the crown on the death of the seventh earl.
It was next created in 1529 for Thomas Boleyn, Viscount Rochford, who was also created Earl of Wiltshire in the Peerage of England. On his death these peerages became extinct.
The third creation was for Piers Butler, in 1538. The fifth earl of this creation was made Marquess of Ormonde (1642) and Duke of Ormonde (1660) in the Peerage of Ireland, and Duke of Ormonde (1682) in the Peerage of England. Subsidiary titles for the duke were Earl of Brecknock (1660) and Baron Butler (1660) in the Peerage of England and Earl of Ormonde (1328) and Earl of Ossory (1538) in the Peerage of Ireland. In 1715 the second duke was attainted and his English peerages declared forfeit. In 1758 the third duke (Irish) died and the dukedom and marquessate became extinct. The eleventh earl was created the Marquess of Ormonde in the Peerage of Ireland in 1816, on his death that title became extinct and the earldoms passed to his brother, for whom the title Marquess of Ormonde was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1825. That title became extinct in 1997, while the earldom became dormant.
James Edward William Theobald Butler, 3rd Marquess of Ormonde (1844-1919)
James Arthur Wellington Foley Butler, 4th Marquess of Ormonde (1849-1943)
James George Anson Butler, 5th Marquess of Ormonde (1890-1949)
James Arthur Norman Butler, 6th Marquess of Ormonde (1893-1971)
James Hubert Theobald Charles Butler, 7th Marquess of Ormonde (1899-1997) (his presumed successors in the Earldoms of Ormonde and Ossory have been the 16th and 17th Viscount Mountgarret, descending in the male line from a younger son of the 8th Earl, but the claim has not been proven)
The title Marquess of Ormonde has also existed several times in the Peerage of Scotland. Between 1488 and 1504 it was a subsidiary title of the Dukes of Ross, until the latter's extinction in 1504. It was created a second time in 1600 as a subsidiary title for the future King Charles I, the Duke of Albany. The title merged with the crown in 1625, and there is has remained.
THOMAS BUTLER OSSORY, EARL OF (1634-1680), eldest son of James Butler, 1st duke of Ormonde, was born at Kilkenny on the 8th or 9th of July 1634.
The earl was partly responsible for this latter struggle, as in March 1672 before war was declared he had attacked the Dutch Smyrna fleet, an action which he is said to have greatly regretted later in life.
The earl was intimate with William, prince of Orange, and in 1677 he joined the allied army in the Netherlands, commanding the British section and winning great fame at the siege of Mons in 1678.
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