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 Infant playing with a book. Early childhood education (ECE) is a pedagogical approach covering the education of children from the period from birth to six years of age. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ...
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What is Early Childhood Education?
Early childhood spans the human life from birth to age 8. Education during this period is holistic in that it focuses on physical, intelligence/cognitive, emotional, and social education[citation needed].
Although early childhood education does not have to occur in the absence of the parent or primary caregiver, this term is sometimes used to denote education by someone other than these the parent or primary caregiver. Both research in the field and early childhood educators view the parents as an integral part of the early childhood education process. Early childhood education takes many forms depending on the theoretical and educational beliefs of the educator or parent.
Other terms that are often used interchangeably with "early childhood education" are "early childhood learning," "early care," and "early education." It is very important to involve the parent in early childhood programs as early as possible to help achieve the fullest potential.[neutrality disputed]
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 Children learn quickly at a young age. There are different developmental domains of children which all relate to each other: Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2016x1512, 1408 KB) Summary Photo taken by MHV of wikipt Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Early childhood education Child development Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2016x1512, 1408 KB) Summary Photo taken by MHV of wikipt Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Early childhood education Child development Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to...
- Physical development - Concerning the physical growth and the development of both gross(eg. walking) and fine motor(eg. finger movement) control of the body.
- Perception and sensory development - How a child functions using the senses and the ability to process the information gained.
- Communication and language development - Using visual and sound stimuli, especially in the acquisition of language, also in the exchange of thoughts and feelings.
- Cognitive development - Concerning how the individual thinks and react.
- Emotional Development - Concerning children's increasing awareness and control of their feelings and how does he react to these feelings in a given situation.
- Social Development - Concerning the child's identity, their relationship with others, and understanding their place within a social environment.
Recent studies on infant brain development show most of a person's neurons are formed from ages 0-6. If a young child doesn't receive sufficient nurturing, nutrition, parental/caregiver interaction, and stimulus during this crucial period, the child may be left with a developmental deficit that hampers his or her success in preschool,kindergarten' and beyond. Cognitive development procesess and theories Cognitive development refers to ...how a person perceives, thinks, and gains an understanding of his or her world through the interaction and influence of genetic and learned factors (Straughan, 1999) Jean Piaget was a psychologist who believed there are stages of cognitive development that each...
Drawing by Santiago Ramón y Cajal of neurons in the pigeon cerebellum. ...
A nursery school is a school for the education of very young children (generally five years of age and younger). ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
Worst-case scenarios such as those found in Russian and Romanian orphanges demonstrate how the lack of proper social interaction and development of attachement affect the developing child.[citation needed] Children must receive attention and affection from their caregivers to develop in a healthy manner.[neutrality disputed]
Theory and curriculum A wide array of educational philosophies circulate through the field. Some professionals adhere to more of a behaviorist theory as developed by John B. Watson, B. F. Skinner and Edward Thorndike. Others hold to the more unstructured maturationist theory popularized by Jacques Rousseau and Maria Montessori. Additionally, stage theories such as those of Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson are used to look at social and emotional development. Behaviorism (or behaviourism) is an approach to psychology based on the proposition that behavior is interesting and worthy of scientific research. ...
John Broadus Watson (January 9, 1878–September 25, 1958) was an American psychologist who established the psychological school of behaviorism, after doing research on animal behavior. ...
Drawing of B. F. Skinner Burrhus Frederic B. F. Skinner (March 20, 1904 – August 18, 1990) was an American psychologist and author. ...
Edward Lee Thorndike (August 31, 1874 - August 9, 1949) was an American psychologist who spent nearly his entire career at Teachers College, Columbia University. ...
The idea that genetic factors player a larger role in development than environmental ones, particularly in regard to language acquisition. ...
Jean Jacques Rousseau (June 28, 1712 – July 2, 1778) was a Franco-Swiss philosopher, writer, political theorist, and self-taught composer of The Age of Enlightenment. ...
Maria Montessori Maria Montessori (August 31, 1870 - May 6, 1952) was an Italian physician, educator, philosopher, humanitarian and devout Catholic; she is best known for her philosophy and method of education of children from birth to adolescence. ...
Sigmund Freud (born Sigismund Schlomo Freud) May 6, 1856 – September 23, 1939; (IPA: ) was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist who co-founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology. ...
Erik Erikson June 15, 1902 - May 12, 1994 Erik Homburger Erikson (June 15, 1902 – May 12, 1994) was a German developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory on social development of human beings, and for coining the phrase identity crisis. ...
Currently early childhood teacher education programs teach a mix of theories dominated by the constructivism (learning theory) theory as put forth by Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. Constructivism is a set of assumptions about the nature of human learning that guide constructivist learning theories and teaching methods of education. ...
Piaget, by André Koehne Jean Piaget [] (August 9, 1896 – September 16, 1980) was a Swiss philosopher, natural scientist and developmental psychologist, well known for his work studying children and his theory of cognitive development. ...
Lev Vygotsky Lev Semenovich Vygotsky (Лев Семенович ВыготÑкий) (November 17 (November 5 Old Style), 1896 – June 11, 1934) was a Soviet developmental psychologist and the founder of the Cultural-historical psychology. ...
Each philosophy forms the undergirding theory behind its own selection of school curriculum used throughout the world.
Behaviorist ideas dominate direct instruction methods (like DISTAR). Constructivist ideas dominate curricula like High/Scope and The Creative Curriculum.[1] While maturational theory is the underpining for Montessori. A mix of maturationist and constructionist ideas supply the base theory for the Reggio Emilia approach. The High/Scope early childhood education curriculum is a method of running a nursery school or kindergarten developed in the United States in the 1960s. ...
The Montessori method is a methodology for nursery and elementary school education, first developed by Dr. Maria Montessori. ...
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The curriculum in a "Head Start" program is designed to meet the needs of each child. One goal is to build self-esteem that is seen as necessary to future success in school. Staff encourage self-confidence, curiosity, and self-discipline. A variety of learning experiences are designed to meet the children's needs in the various areas of development. Staff should work as a team to implement the new government issued curriculum and teach children, based on their interest and in a fun way.[neutrality disputed] Parent involvement should be the heart of the program. Preschool children must be provided with early literacy, awareness and intervention in order to perform better during the later years. This will lead the to success once they enter schools, and put them on the right track by being well prepared with the right and appropriate equipment. In psychology, self-esteem or self-worth is a persons self-image at an emotional level; circumventing reason and logic. ...
Pedagogy The philosophy of early childhood education is largely child-centered education. Therefore, there is a focus on the importance of play. Play provides children with the opportunity to actively explore, manipulate, and interact with their environment.
It encourages children to investigate, create, discover and motivate them to take risks and add to their understanding of the world. It challenges children to achieve new levels of understanding of events, people and the environment by interacting with concrete materials.
Hands-on activities create authentic experiences in which children begin to feel a sense of mastery over their world and a sense of belonging and understanding of what is going on in their environment. This philosophy follows with Piaget's ideals that children should actively participate in their world and various environments so as to ensure they are not 'passive' learners but 'little scientists' who are actively engaged.
Play is a very important and special part of childhood. It allows a child to experiment with the world around him and the emotional world inside him. To many it might seem like mere child's play but there is a lot of work going on behind the scene like skill building, problem solving, overcoming physical and mental challenges etc. Playing with products made especially for the preschool children helps a child in building self confidence, encourages independent learning and clears his concepts. For the development of their fine and large or gross motor movements, for the growth of the child's eye-hand coordination, it is extremely important for him to 'play' with the natural things around him. Sand/mud/clay and water play a very important part here.
Giving the child time and playing with him make him a confident human being. We as adults can enter his world of imagination and fantasy and let him control us. This generally helps in building his self confidence and he feels safe and secure with us. We tend to build his self esteem and morale when we give him time and attention. When a child realises that the things of his interest are important to us and that we appreciate his method of play and fun, he tends to get confident of himself. It also allows children to explore new friendships with those they interact with.
Providers Providers of early childhood education go by many names: - First Steps Early Childhood Education
- early childhood programs,
- child development programs,
- children's centers or day care,
- preschool,
- head start programs,
- early head start
- early childhood education centers
- children's learning centers or children's early learning centers
- nursery schools
Day care is the care of a child during the day by a person other than the childs parents or legal guardians, often someone outside the childs immediate family. ...
A nursery school is a school for the education of very young children (generally five years of age and younger). ...
Early Childhood Educational Professional The teachers of early childhood education often hold the titles of early childhood professional, early childhood teacher, SmartSteps Parent Educator, early childhood educator, early childhood practitioner, early childhood provider, or early childhood caregiver. In addition, there are the following auxiliary positions: The early childhood teacher emphasizes on two goals of early childhood education (children from infancy to Age 8): (1) the focus of academically, socially, emotionally, and physically preparing a child during this age range and (2) the focus of protecting and caring for the child in the absence of his...
Aide may refer to: A person who assists another. ...
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Basic Characteristics There is some debate as to what constitutes childrens literature. ...
The Bath, a painting by Mary Cassatt (1844-1926). ...
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Managing director is the term used for the chief executive of many limited companies in the United Kingdom, Commonwealth and some other English speaking countries. ...
A nursery school is a school for the education of very young children (generally five years of age and younger). ...
Head Start is a program of the United States Department of Health and Human Services that focuses on assisting children from low-income families. ...
// Parenting is the process of raising and educating a child from birth until adulthood. ...
A coach is a person who supports people (clients) to achieve their goals, with goal setting, encouragement and questions. ...
The Louvre Museum in Paris, one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. ...
In computational complexity theory, the complexity class ELEMENTARY is the union of the classes in the exponential hierarchy. ...
Part of a scientific laboratory at the University of Cologne. ...
Special needs is a term used in clinical diagnostic and functional development to describe individuals who require assistance for disabilities such as medical, mental, or psychological. ...
For the Italian comics character with this name, see Lo Sconosciuto Most general, a specialist is a person which are able to solve some predefined class of problems. ...
A child life specialist is a professional traditionally employed in the hospital setting. ...
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A planned economy is an economic system in which economic decisions are made by centralized planners, who determine what sorts of goods and services to produce, and how they are to be priced and allocated. ...
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Play Therapy is defined by the Association for Play Therapy as the systematic use of a theoretical model to establish an interpersonal process wherein trained play therapists use the therapeutic powers of play to help clients prevent or resolve psychosocial difficulties and achieve optimal growth and development. ...
For the measurement of the heat and water vapor properties of air, see psychrometrics. ...
A councillor is a member of a council (such as a city council), particularly in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and other parts of the Commonwealth. ...
A consultant (from the Latin consultare meaning to discuss from which we also derive words such as consul and counsel) is a professional who provides expert advice in a particular area of expertise such as accountancy, the environment, technology, the law, human resources, marketing, medicine, finance, public affairs, communication, engineering...
A social worker is a person employed in the administration of charity, social service, welfare, and poverty agencies, advocacy, or religious outreach programs. ...
A facilitator is someone who skillfully helps a group of people understand their common objectives and plan to achieve them without personally taking any side of the argument. ...
A nanny is defined as a childs nurse. The traditional nanny was a servant in a large household and reported directly to the lady of the house. ...
See also Marilyn Mailman Segal (Marilyn Segal) is an American developmental psychologist, author and educator specializing in early childhood. ...
Image File history File links Nuvola_apps_bookcase. ...
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Image File history File links Nuvola_apps_bookcase. ...
Preschool is of, relating to, or for a child past infancy but younger than school age, usually between the ages of two and five (or six). ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
Middle school (also known as intermediate school or junior high school) covers a period of education that straddles primary education and secondary education, serving as a bridge between the two. ...
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A blacksmith is a traditional trade. ...
The University of Cambridge is an institute of higher learning. ...
In some educational systems, undergraduate education is post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelors degree. ...
Degree ceremony at Cambridge. ...
Great Neck Village School, an alternative high school in Great Neck, New York, USA Alternative education, also known as non-traditional education or educational alternative, describes an education that is modified or particularized for those having singular needs, such as maladjusted people and gifted children. ...
Homeschooling – also called home education or home school – is the education of children at home, typically by parents or guardians, rather than in a public or private school. ...
Libraries are a useful resource for adult learners. ...
References - Herr, Judy. (2002). Working with Young Children. Tinley Park, Illinois: The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc. ISBN 1-56637-822-2.
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